{"id":6407,"date":"2026-04-12T14:05:18","date_gmt":"2026-04-12T14:05:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=6407"},"modified":"2026-04-12T14:05:23","modified_gmt":"2026-04-12T14:05:23","slug":"musluman-toplumlarin-hallerine-dair-somurge-modernlesmesi-on-the-condition-of-muslim-societies-colonial-modernization","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/musluman-toplumlarin-hallerine-dair-somurge-modernlesmesi-on-the-condition-of-muslim-societies-colonial-modernization\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n hallerine dair: s\u00f6m\u00fcrge modernle\u015fmesi \/ On the condition of Muslim societies: colonial modernization"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mehmet \u00d6zay &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 12.04.2026<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bug\u00fcnlerde, k\u00fcresel ba\u011flamda olan bitenlerden hareketle, \u201cM\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7mekte olduklar\u0131 \u015fartlar\u201d, diye ba\u015flayan c\u00fcmleleri s\u0131kl\u0131kla duymak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu c\u00fcmlenin ve benzerlerinin, ya\u015fanmakta olan ger\u00e7eklikte bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funa ku\u015fku bulunmuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu ifadenin, olumlu bir izlenim ve anlat\u0131ya yol a\u00e7mayaca\u011f\u0131 aksine, olumsuz g\u00f6zlem ve anlat\u0131lara konu olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hissetmek ise g\u00fc\u00e7 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bununla birlikte, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131 konu olan bu veya benzeri c\u00fcmlelerin yeni olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve salt, bug\u00fcne dair bir s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 aksine, epeyce bir s\u00fcredir g\u00fcndemde oldu\u011fu, ortaya konuldu\u011fu ve \u00fczerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmeye davet etti\u011fini de biliriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En az\u0131ndan, b\u00f6ylesi bir durumun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlamam\u0131z, bilmemiz ve \u00fczerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemiz gerekiyor&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n siyasal, ekonomi, e\u011fitim, hatta askeri kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu hallerinde olan bitenin, kendinde bir niteli\u011fi i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenemez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bundan kast\u0131m, sadece bug\u00fcnlerde olan biten \u2018\u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u2019, \u2018sava\u015flar\u0131n\u2019 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan hareketle, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na gelenlerin, kendilerini i\u00e7inde bulduklar\u0131 durumun bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle, t\u00fcm\u00fcyle siyasal, toplumsal, ekonomik hatta, askeri durumlar\u0131n\u0131n geldi\u011fi noktan\u0131n salt, \u2018\u00f6teki\u2019nin eliyle ortaya konulmu\u015f ol\/a\/mayaca\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu anlamda, var olan ve olmas\u0131 gereken sorumlulu\u011fun, \u2018\u00f6teki\u2019ne at\u0131fla kurtulunabilecek bir durum olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamam\u0131z gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>S\u00f6m\u00fcrge d\u00f6nemi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu k\u0131sa giri\u015fle dikkat \u00e7ekmek istedi\u011fim husus bug\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fcnle \u00f6zellikle de, s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik d\u00f6nemiyle ilintili olan ba\u011flam\u0131na vurgu yapmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte, s\u00f6m\u00fcrge y\u00f6netimine konu olan topraklarda yani, bug\u00fcn art\u0131k ulusal ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kazanm\u0131\u015f ulus-devletlerde ya\u015fanan siyasal, toplumsal, ekonomik yap\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131 dikkate ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmaya ihtiya\u00e7 duyuldu\u011fu hissediliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu noktada, s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik s\u00fcrecini, kelimenin k\u00f6keninde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere salt \u2018s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc\u2019 (<em>exploitation<\/em>) sistemi olarak de\u011ferlendirmek kadar, \u00f6nemli bir literat\u00fcr bize \u2018modernle\u015fme s\u00fcreci\u2019nin de, ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde zuhur etti\u011fini ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu ikinci hususla ilgili olan biten t\u00fcm geli\u015fmeleri, sosyal bilimlerin ilgili alanlar\u0131nda, \u2018s\u00f6m\u00fcrge modernle\u015fmesi\u2019 kavram\u0131yla dile getiriyoruz&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Buna dair g\u00f6rece, orta ve uzak ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ortaya konulmu\u015f eserlerin bize yol g\u00f6stericili\u011fini yabana atmamak gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu g\u00f6rece uzun s\u00fcreci (<em>longue duree<\/em>) takip edemeyecekler i\u00e7in, alternatif olarak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze dair veya bu d\u00f6neme yak\u0131n olan birka\u00e7 hususla konuya a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ve bunu, \u2018kampung boy\u2019 kavram\u0131na m\u00fcracaat ederek yapaca\u011f\u0131m&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Kampung boy<\/em><\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00f6m\u00fcrge d\u00f6nemi ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini bir ka\u00e7 nesil \u00f6ncesine kadar ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f baz\u0131 toplumlarda o d\u00f6neme ait bireylerin fiili olarak halen hayatta olduklar\u0131na tan\u0131k oluruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Say\u0131s\u0131 az olsada halen var olan, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ya\u015fam\u0131na devam eden veya yak\u0131n zamanda vefat etmi\u015f ve ilgili eski s\u00f6m\u00fcrge topraklar\u0131na konu olmu\u015f ulus-devletlerde siyasetin, y\u00f6netimin, ekonominin, hatta e\u011fitimin \u00fcst katmanlar\u0131na kadar \u00e7\u0131karak \u00f6nemli roller oynam\u0131\u015f bireylerin, bizzat kendileri taraf\u0131ndan kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ya\u015fam hik\u00e2yelerine, biyografilerine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda bir \u201ck\u00f6y \u00e7ocu\u011fu\u201d (<em>kampung boy<\/em>) aidiyetinden, nas\u0131l bir \u2018siyasal, ekonomik ve hatta askeri elit\u2019 boyutuna \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n hik\u00e2yesini s\u00f6z konusu s\u00f6m\u00fcrge d\u00f6neminde kendilerine sa\u011flanan \u201ce\u011fitim\u201d imk\u00e2nlar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu yakinen g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sosyoloji teorilerine ba\u015fvururak s\u00f6ylemek gerekti\u011finde, \u00f6rne\u011fin, Pierre Bourdieu\u2019nun \u201csosyal kapital\u201d (<em>social capital<\/em>) kavramsalla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na pek de uymayan, bir durumla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r\u0131z \u2018<em>kampung boy<\/em>\u2019dan siyasal ve ekonomik elit boyutuna \u00e7\u0131kanlarda&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu durumda, belki de olan biten bu geli\u015fmeyi, tarihsel \u015fans (<em>historical chance<\/em>) kavram\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131klamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu s\u00f6ylemin i\u00e7inde -k\u00f6ken itibar\u0131yla- gizli\/a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u2018k\u00f6y \u00e7ocu\u011fu\u2019 olunmas\u0131 konusunda, bir t\u00fcr gurur sezilmiyor de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ayn\u0131 \u2018k\u00f6y \u00e7ocu\u011fu\u2019nun nas\u0131l olup da, s\u00f6m\u00fcrge sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemin \u015fartlar\u0131 muvacehesinde, baz\u0131 siyasal s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin neticesi olarak geli\u015fip ye\u015feren ulus-devlet i\u00e7erisinde kendilerine toplumsal, ekonomik ve siyasal stat\u00fc ba\u011flam\u0131nda, gayet \u00f6nemli bir yer bulabildiklerinin gururunu da hissedebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>S\u00f6m\u00fcrge modernle\u015fmesi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekilen \u2018s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik\u2019 kavram\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6kenine atfen s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse, ortada ba\u015ftan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 (<em>top-down<\/em>) veya hiyear\u015fik kat\u0131 bir s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilikten ziyade, asl\u0131nda farkl\u0131 katmanlar\u0131, ili\u015fkileri i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131ran gayet karma\u015f\u0131k bir \u2018s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik d\u00f6nemi\u2019 ger\u00e7ekli\u011fiyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bug\u00fcn \u2018s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik\u2019 s\u00fcrecini -hakl\u0131 olarak- ele\u015ftiren baz\u0131 \u00e7evrelerin yedi, sekiz nesil \u00f6ncesinde ayn\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci sisteminin kurucu ve y\u00f6netici fig\u00fcrlerinin kararlar\u0131yla s\u00f6m\u00fcrge topraklar\u0131nda ekonomi, ticaret, e\u011fitim ve hatta askeri faaliyetlerine davet edildiklerini, konu olduklar\u0131n\u0131, yer ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlamak bu anlamda gayet dikkat \u00e7ekici bir ger\u00e7eklik olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda duruyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Elbette, bu s\u00fcreci y\u00f6neten ilgili s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci y\u00f6netim elitinin gayesinin \u201cyerli\u201d olarak alg\u0131lanan toplum kesimlerini veya bu kesimlerin ilgili baz\u0131 bireylerini olu\u015fmakta olan s\u00f6m\u00fcrge sisteminde yer almaya davet etmeleri, onlar\u0131n \u2018kara ka\u015f\u0131 ve kara g\u00f6z\u00fc\u2019 i\u00e7in olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da fark etmek gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ancak, bu durum, nihayetinde ilgili kesimlerin s\u00f6m\u00fcrge y\u00f6netiminin marifetleriyle \u2018s\u00f6m\u00fcrge modernle\u015fmesine\u2019 konu olmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde bir mani te\u015fkil etmiyor(du).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00f6m\u00fcrge sonras\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7ler ise bize ya\u015fanan t\u00fcm kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar, alternatif aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131, ya da yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u2018s\u00f6m\u00fcrge modernle\u015fmesi\u2019 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine ra\u011fmen, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n bug\u00fcn i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 halin, hi\u00e7 de i\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 olmamas\u0131n\u0131n nedenlerinin, kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesinin iyi yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yukar\u0131da \u2018kampung boy\u2019 kavram\u0131yla \u00f6rneklendirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m ve s\u00f6m\u00fcrge s\u00fcrecinin geli\u015fimlerinden istifade eden, tabiri caizse meyvelerini yiyen \u00e7evrelerin devran d\u00f6n\u00fcp ulusal ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar kazan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ortaya ne t\u00fcrden bir \u2018modern devlet\u2019 sistemi olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturamad\u0131klar\u0131 sorgulanmay\u0131 hak ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00d6yle ki, \u2018onlar az\u0131nl\u0131kt\u0131\u2019 denilip kestirilip at\u0131lamayacak olan, bu toplumsal s\u0131n\u0131f veya s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n s\u00f6m\u00fcrge d\u00f6neminin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018s\u00f6m\u00fcrge modernle\u015fmesi\u2019ne adaptasyonlar\u0131, kabulleri ve o s\u00fcrecin \u00fcretti\u011fi siyasal, ekonomik, ticari, hatta askeri kurumsalla\u015fmalar\u0131ndan ald\u0131klar\u0131 paylarla \u2018modernle\u015fme\u2019 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini i\u00e7selle\u015ftirirken, ayn\u0131 nesil veya takip eden ve\/ya onlar\u0131n izinden giden nesillerin nas\u0131l olup da, geni\u015f M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131 gayet \u00f6nemli bir cendere i\u00e7inde ya\u015famaya zorlad\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fczerinde durup d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mehmet \u00d6zay &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 12.04.2026 Bug\u00fcnlerde, k\u00fcresel ba\u011flamda olan bitenlerden hareketle, \u201cM\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7mekte olduklar\u0131 \u015fartlar\u201d, diye ba\u015flayan c\u00fcmleleri s\u0131kl\u0131kla duymak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Bu c\u00fcmlenin ve benzerlerinin, ya\u015fanmakta olan ger\u00e7eklikte bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funa ku\u015fku bulunmuyor. Bu ifadenin, olumlu bir izlenim ve anlat\u0131ya yol a\u00e7mayaca\u011f\u0131 aksine, olumsuz g\u00f6zlem ve anlat\u0131lara konu olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hissetmek ise g\u00fc\u00e7 de\u011fildir. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6408,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,75],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6407","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gunluk-yazilar","category-sosyoloji-tarih"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6407","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6407"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6407\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6409,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6407\/revisions\/6409"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6408"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6407"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6407"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6407"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}