{"id":6072,"date":"2025-08-30T02:15:37","date_gmt":"2025-08-30T02:15:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=6072"},"modified":"2025-08-30T02:15:40","modified_gmt":"2025-08-30T02:15:40","slug":"kuresel-yapida-sistem-arayisi-quest-for-a-system-in-a-global-structure","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/kuresel-yapida-sistem-arayisi-quest-for-a-system-in-a-global-structure\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u00fcresel yap\u0131da sistem aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 \/ Quest for a system in a global structure"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Mehmet \u00d6zay                                                                                                                  30.08.2025<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz k\u00fcresel toplumunun temel hedefi, mevcut k\u00fcresel belirsizli\u011fi gidermek oldu\u011fu ortada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu noktada, belirsizli\u011fin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda, hangi ulus-devlet ya da hangi sistem akt\u00f6r olmaya aday veya bu adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterme konusunda, son d\u00f6nemde baz\u0131 icraatlar ortaya koymakta oldu\u011funa karar vermek \u00f6nemli bir analizi gerektiriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, \u201csistemi yeniden kurmaya aday bir ABD mi, yoksa ABD \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde zaten var olan sistemin bug\u00fcnk\u00fc belirsizli\u011fin temeli oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrerek, \u00c7in eksenli yeni bir k\u00fcresel yap\u0131la\u015fma m\u0131?\u201d sorusunu y\u00f6neltmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir alternatif<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir alternatif s\u00f6z konusu mu? Pek de, \u00f6yle bir alternatif s\u00f6ylem, iddia, eylem ortada g\u00f6z\u00fckm\u00fcyor…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meseleyi, belki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman d\u00fcnya \u00fczerinden ele almak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak, ya\u015fanan neredeyse, t\u00fcm i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f geli\u015fmeler, bu d\u00fcnyan\u0131n kendi i\u00e7 problemleriyle bo\u011fu\u015fmakta oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermesi, ad\u0131na k\u00fcresel denilen sistemik alana ula\u015fabilmelerinin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck engel oldu\u011funun kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu konuyu ba\u015fka bir yaz\u0131ya havale ederek, kald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z yerden devam edelim…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ABD fakt\u00f6r\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Konu ABD oldu\u011funda, son d\u00f6nemde -diyelim ki son on y\u0131ld\u0131r-, bu \u00fclkeden gelen yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n, kayda de\u011fer yap\u0131salla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 g\u00fcce sahip olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde durmaya de\u011ferdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, \u201cBat\u0131 siyasal sisteminde temsil g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan bu yana elinde bulunduran ABD\u2019nin yan\u0131nda, Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n tarihsel olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan hangi \u00fclkesi veya \u00fclkeleri var?\u201d sorusuna, bug\u00fcn olumlu cevap verebilmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc uluslararas\u0131 siyasal karga\u015fay\u0131 hal yoluna koyma \u00e7abas\u0131 sergiledi\u011fi ya da buna niyetli oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilse de, ABD\u2019nin yan\u0131nda \u00f6rne\u011fin, bir Avrupa Birli\u011fi blo\u011funu ya da blok i\u00e7erisinde \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin (Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k) g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir m\u00fcttefik oldu\u011fu izlenimi veren politikalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, sa\u011flam bir partner bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fckm\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Buna ra\u011fmen, ABD\u2019nin siyasal g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlamak istercesine, ba\u015fkan Donald Trump\u2019\u0131n ikinci ba\u015fkanl\u0131k s\u00fcrecine ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 20 Ocak\u2019tan bu yana, uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00fcresel ekonomi politikalar\u0131n, yeni bir sistem kurucusu olma iddias\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi, hi\u00e7 kimse taraf\u0131ndan makul, mant\u0131kl\u0131, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir olarak alg\u0131lanm\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayr\u0131ca, bu ekonomi politikalar\u0131n k\u00fcresel toplumu ikna edici bir y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek ise, hi\u00e7 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fckm\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba\u015fkan Trump liderli\u011finde ortaya konulan son sekiz ayl\u0131k geli\u015fmeler sonucu, ABD a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u015far\u0131 olarak adland\u0131rabilecek bir yap\u0131lanma ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu geli\u015fmeler, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemde ba\u015far\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilecek bir sonuca evrilse bile bunun, k\u00fcresel toplum nezdinde ne denli kabul edilebilir oldu\u011fu gayet problemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, k\u00fcresel sistemin yeniden in\u015fas\u0131nda, bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak ortaya konulan tek akt\u00f6rl\u00fc yani, bir ulus-devlet olarak ABD\u2019nin ya da ABD\u2019nin ba\u015fkan\u0131 Trump\u2019\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n ne denli sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir sonu\u00e7 do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131 konusunda ise g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc endi\u015feler yok de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu durumda, en ba\u015fta, -hem, ekonomi-politik hem de, tarihsel olarak- ABD\u2019nin do\u011fal orta\u011f\u0131 kabul edilebilecek, Kanada\u2019dan Avustralya\u2019ya kadar Anglo-Sakson d\u00fcnya ile, mevcut politikalar noktas\u0131nda, hi\u00e7 de bar\u0131\u015f\u0131k olmayan bir ABD\u2019nin ya da ABD ba\u015fkan\u0131 Trump\u2019\u0131n, nas\u0131l bir k\u00fcresel sistem in\u015fa edebilece\u011fi ve b\u00f6yle bir sistem kurulabilse bile, ne denli s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir oldu\u011fu da ayr\u0131 bir sorunsal olarak \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczde duruyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fcresel belirsizli\u011fi gidermeye y\u00f6nelik iddial\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131n, olsa olsa, k\u00fcresel belirsizli\u011fi ikmal etmeye yarad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek \u015fu anki ko\u015fulda m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sistemsizli\u011fin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu noktada, i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fumuz, k\u00fcresel belirsizlik ortam\u0131n\u0131 anlamland\u0131rabilmek i\u00e7in, yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fe k\u0131saca bakmak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc noktaya nas\u0131l gelindi\u011fini hat\u0131rlamak \u015fart.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu durum, bizi iki temel tarihi evreye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcyor: 1945 y\u0131l\u0131 yani, 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonu ve 1989 y\u0131l\u0131 yani, \u2018Sosyalist Blok\u2019un y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu iki temel evre aras\u0131na ve de sonras\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilebilecek, baz\u0131 ara d\u00f6nemlerin \u00f6nemini g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmemek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ne giden s\u00fcre\u00e7te 1951 y\u0131l\u0131 \u2018k\u00f6m\u00fcr-\u00e7elik birli\u011fi\u2019; \u00c7in\u2019in, kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya a\u00e7ma karar\u0131n\u0131n verildi\u011fi 1976; ABD\u2019nin, k\u00fcresel sistemde jandarma rol\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131rmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 2001; \u00c7in\u2019de, kadim Orta Krall\u0131k felsefesini gizli a\u00e7\u0131k yeniden ortaya koyan \u015ei Cinping\u2019in ba\u015fkanl\u0131k koltu\u011funa oturdu\u011fu 2013.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin, yaz\u0131da dile getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi destekleyici mahiyette tarihsel parametreler oldu\u011funu unutmamak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki geli\u015fmeleri belki y\u00fczeysel, palyatif, local veya b\u00f6lgesel olarak g\u00f6rmek gerekir…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pasifik Sava\u015f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ad\u0131na, \u2018k\u00fcresel sistem\u2019 denilen yap\u0131n\u0131n te\u015fkili pek de uzak olmayan bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fte yani, 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ile belirlendi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu sava\u015f, Bat\u0131\u2019da yani, Avrupa\u2019da bu adla an\u0131lsa da, son yirmi y\u0131ld\u0131r k\u00fcresel geli\u015fmelerin oda\u011f\u0131nda yer alan Asya-Pasifik b\u00f6lgesindeki ad\u0131yla Pasifik Sava\u015f\u0131 olarak biliniyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sistemin kurucular\u0131, kadim \u0130ngiliz imparatorlu\u011funun varisi, yeni k\u00fcresel impartorluk olma konusunda -kimi a\u00e7\u0131lardan- pek de istekli olmayan, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri ve bu ikiliye eklemlenen Bat\u0131 Avrupa uluslar\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avrupa k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve ve medeniyeti ile co\u011frafyas\u0131na ne denli eklemlendi\u011fi s\u00fcrekli tart\u0131\u015fma konusu olan Rusya\u2019n\u0131n, 1917 devrimiyle evrildi\u011fi \u2018Sosyalist Birlik\u2019, 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcreci ve de devam\u0131nda, s\u00f6zde Bat\u0131\u2019ya alternatif kat\u0131 geli\u015fimci yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n, d\u00f6nemin \u015fartlar\u0131 gere\u011fi ABD ile ayn\u0131 kampta yer almas\u0131, hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, uluslararas\u0131 siyasal ili\u015fkiler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan gayet \u00f6nemli bir geli\u015fmeydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n d\u00f6nemin k\u00fcresel sistemine verdi\u011fi cevap, kadim \u0130ngiliz \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun -belki de \u00e7oktan bitmi\u015f olan k\u00fcresel hakimiyetinin, sona ermesi ve k\u00fcresel siyaset sahnesinden \u00e7ekilmesi anlam\u0131na geliyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu geli\u015fmenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131nda, hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, \u2018kralliyet tac\u0131n\u0131n incisi\u2019 olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lan Hint Alt K\u0131tas\u0131\u2019na ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n verilmesi her a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6nemliydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So\u011fuk Sava\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sava\u015f boyunca devam eden ve ard\u0131ndan, -di\u011ferleri bir yana- ABD-Rusya ittifak\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn -ki, bunun temellerini ideolojik ayr\u0131\u015fmada aramak gerekir-, yeni d\u00f6nemin belirleyici uluslararas\u0131 ko\u015fulu olan \u2018So\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u2019\u0131 g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130ki \u00fclkeyi \u2018s\u0131cak bir sava\u015fa\u2019 yakla\u015ft\u0131rmayan temel nedenin, bu iki \u00fclkenin, 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fczerinde ta\u015f\u0131malar\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek yanl\u0131\u015f olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2018Anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar \u00fczerine anla\u015fma\u2019 olarak da tan\u0131mlanabilecek, \u2018So\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u2019 \u015fartlar\u0131nda Bat\u0131 yani, ABD kendi ekonomi-politik ideolojisinin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ortaya koyacak ad\u0131mlar\u0131yla bu d\u00f6nemin bir anlamda \u2018galibi\u2019 olarak 1989\u2019da k\u00fcresel yap\u0131n\u0131n ortas\u0131na oturdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bat\u0131 ekonomi-politi\u011finin rekabet\u00e7i yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n sadece, \u00f6rne\u011fin s\u0131radan iki t\u00fcccar \u00f6zelinde mikro d\u00fczeyde var olan bir rekabet\u00e7ilik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, aksine, bunun \u00f6tesinde k\u00fcresel sistemin \u2018rekabet\u00e7ilik\u2019le var oldu\u011funu ortaya koyan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc temelleri, \u2018rakipsiz\u2019 bir sistemin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 yan\u0131lsamas\u0131ndan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc sa\u011flad\u0131…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu yan\u0131lsamadan geri d\u00f6n\u00fclmesi yine bizatihi, ABD eliyle olu\u015fturulan ve geli\u015ftirilen rekabet\u00e7i bir yap\u0131n\u0131n oraya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na neden oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bug\u00fcn, ABD\u2019nin k\u00fcresel rakibi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00c7in\u2019in ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131, -k\u0131saca ifade edilen- bu s\u00fcre\u00e7lerle ba\u011flant\u0131land\u0131rmak gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ABD\u2019nin 1989\u2019da yakalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilecek \u2018ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131\u2019, \u00c7in kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda benzer bir \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirip ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiremeyece\u011fi s\u00fcre\u00e7te dikkat \u00e7ekilmesi gereken \u00f6nemli bir soru olarak ortada duruyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak, bu soruya do\u011fru cevaplar verebilmek i\u00e7in \u015fartlar\u0131n 1989 ile benzer olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmemek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yaz\u0131ya devam edece\u011fim…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay                                                                                                                  30.08.2025 G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz k\u00fcresel toplumunun temel hedefi, mevcut k\u00fcresel belirsizli\u011fi gidermek oldu\u011fu ortada. Bu noktada, belirsizli\u011fin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda, hangi ulus-devlet ya da hangi sistem akt\u00f6r olmaya aday veya bu adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterme konusunda, son d\u00f6nemde baz\u0131 icraatlar ortaya koymakta oldu\u011funa karar vermek \u00f6nemli bir analizi gerektiriyor. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, \u201csistemi yeniden kurmaya aday bir ABD […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6073,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6072","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-asya-pasifik","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6072","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6072"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6072\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6074,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6072\/revisions\/6074"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6073"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6072"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6072"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6072"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}