{"id":6040,"date":"2025-08-10T14:53:37","date_gmt":"2025-08-10T14:53:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=6040"},"modified":"2025-08-10T14:53:45","modified_gmt":"2025-08-10T14:53:45","slug":"musluman-toplumlarda-egitim-acmazi-the-dilemma-of-education-in-muslim-societies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/musluman-toplumlarda-egitim-acmazi-the-dilemma-of-education-in-muslim-societies\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlarda e\u011fitim a\u00e7maz\u0131 \/\u00a0 The dilemma of education in Muslim societies"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Mehmet \u00d6zay &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;10.08.2025<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlarda e\u011fitim olgusu ile ilgili tart\u0131\u015fmalar son iki y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n, bitip t\u00fckenmek bilmez veya bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse, s\u00fcreklilik arz eden tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, hatta en ba\u015f\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ve bu toplumsal olgu, bug\u00fcn de devaml\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stermesiyle sadece konunun ilgililerince de\u011fil, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumun A\u2019s\u0131ndan Z\u2019sine kadar t\u00fcm ilgili birimlerinin, kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n, toplum kesimlerinin ve de tek tek bireylerinin temel sorunsal\u0131 olmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tabii bu noktada, hangi d\u00fczeyde ve ciddiyette sorunun fark\u0131nda olunup olunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hesaba katmay\u0131 unutmamak gerekir&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bununla birlikte, t\u00fcm ilgili \u00e7evrelerce e\u011fitim olgusunun t\u00fcm vechelerini i\u00e7ine alan sorunlar\u0131n bilincinde olunup olunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir yana, ya\u015fanan ger\u00e7eklikler, bu alandaki sorunlar\u0131 a\u015fma konusundaki i\u015ftiyaks\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, ciddiyetsizli\u011fin, umursamazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sosyal ya\u015fam\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131r d\u00f6ng\u00fcler i\u00e7erisinde b\u0131rakacak \u015fekilde di\u011fer toplumsal alanlara sirayet etti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek yanl\u0131\u015f olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Reform<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Modern anlamda, \u201ce\u011fitim\u2019de reform\u201d d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin bug\u00fcne ya da d\u00fcne ait de\u011fil, uzun bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fi i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131ran bir toplumsal olgu oldu\u011fu hat\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, sorununun a\u015f\u0131lamama sebebini neyle a\u00e7\u0131klamak gerekti\u011fi en az sorunun bizatihi kendisi kadar \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Belki de, buna verilebilecek do\u011fru tek cevap veya \u00e7oklu cevaplar, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n e\u011fitim konusuna dair sorunlar\u0131na \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yolu g\u00f6stermesiyle -uzunca bir s\u00fcredir beklenen- \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fimi tetikleyebilir!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Elbette, ortada sihirli bir sopa yok!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak, ortada olmayan ba\u015fka \u015fey, mevcut kurumsal yap\u0131larda \u00e7ok temel sorunlar\u0131 bile g\u00f6rmezden gelen, sorunlar\u0131 \u00f6rt bas etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve bu ve benzeri halleri g\u00fcn\u00fc kurtarma ad\u0131na, mevki ve makam temini veya mevki ve makamlar\u0131 kendi \u00e7evresine havale etme yar\u0131\u015f\u0131na g\u00f6z\u00fc kapal\u0131 girilmi\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n pay\u0131n\u0131n ne denli belirleyici oldu\u011funu tespit etmek gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131 saran s\u00f6z konusu bu durumun, bug\u00fcn\u00fcn icad\u0131 bir h\u00e2l olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da a\u015fik\u00e2rd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sorunun k\u00f6keni: Bir olas\u0131l\u0131k!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu durumda, kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan bir durum var ki, o da s\u00f6z konusu s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin nerede ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve nereye evrildi\u011fine dair ilk ipu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan birini veriyor oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilecek bir husus:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yani, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n e\u011fitim faaliyetlerini yerli yerine koyma \u00e7abas\u0131nda d\u0131\u015fardan gelen, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan davet edilen \u2018\u00f6teki\u2019 k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve medeniyete ait toplumlar\u0131n y\u00f6neticileri, e\u011fitimcileri, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrleri gibi insan kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n bizatihi, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n y\u00f6netici kesimlerince prati\u011fe ge\u00e7irilmesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bununla s\u00f6ylemek istedi\u011fim, e\u011fitimle ilgili sorunlar\u0131 a\u015fma ya da e\u011fitim olgusunu yeniden ve en ba\u015f\u0131ndan ele alma konusunda var olan k\u0131smi ilginin dayanak noktas\u0131n\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan, \u00f6teki\u2019nden al\u0131nan kaynaklarla belirlenmesi \u00e7abas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Burada y\u00f6netici elitin ve buna eklemlenen toplumsal elitin kendilerini ve kendi aile fertlerini e\u011fitim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine tabi tutmalar\u0131n\u0131n, i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 toplumu de\u011fi\u015ftirme, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme, bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse- k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve medeniyet dinamiklerini canland\u0131rma ameliyesinde fiili katk\u0131s\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ama, bir de bu geli\u015fmenin \u00f6teki taraf\u0131n\u0131 hesaba katt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, acaba y\u00f6netici elitin kendi kurulu d\u00fczenlerini devam ettirme ad\u0131na, kendilerince kabul edilen ya da d\u0131\u015fardan gelen \u2018\u00f6tekilerce\u2019 kendilerine dikte ettirilen e\u011fitim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini manip\u00fcle etmi\u015f olamazlar m\u0131?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu ikinci durumda, de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi ya da reforme edilmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen yap\u0131n\u0131n bir t\u00fcr de\u011fi\u015fim s\u00fcrecine girmesine ra\u011fmen, \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131 ve hedefler aras\u0131nda kopukluk ya da manip\u00fcle edilmi\u015flik halinin toplumun genelini i\u00e7ine alacak bir de\u011fi\u015fimi, d\u00fczenlemeyi, yenile\u015fmeyi bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc g\u00fcndeme getirmemi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yukar\u0131da k\u0131saca de\u011findi\u011fim biri iyimser ve ikincisi karamsar bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na ra\u011fmen, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da dile getirece\u011fim uzun denilebilecek tarihi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerden bu g\u00fcne gelindi\u011finde, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n halen benzeri e\u011fitim sorunlar\u0131yla -hatta, katmerle\u015ferek artan e\u011fitim sorunlar\u0131yla- y\u00fcz y\u00fcze kalmalar\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l a\u00e7\u0131klamak gerekir&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>S\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik (mi)?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu noktada durup, \u201cE\u011fitimdeki ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131 neye ba\u011flamak gerekir?\u201d sorusunu sormak gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lk etapta i\u015faret parmaklar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6sterece\u011fi alanlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda, \u2018s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik\u2019 d\u00f6neminin gelece\u011fine ku\u015fku yok&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6yle ki, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlarda e\u011fitim sorununu a\u015fma konusunda modern zamanlarda sergilenen \u00e7abalar\u0131n s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine denk gelmesi belki de, bu g\u00f6stergeyi hakl\u0131 k\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlarda e\u011fitimin s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin reformla an\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanmas\u0131ndan bu yana, kaba bir tahminle, iki y\u00fcz y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu g\u00f6rece uzun d\u00f6nem sadece, diyelim ki, Osmanl\u0131 toplumu ve Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ile ba\u011f\u0131 \u2018\u00f6zerklik\u2019 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde s\u00fcren M\u0131s\u0131r ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu noktada, di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerde olan biteni g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kimi b\u00f6lgeler \u00f6rne\u011fin, 1786\u2019dan itibaren, \u0130ngiliz hakimiyetine tedrici olarak giren Malaya topraklar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnyaya a\u00e7\u0131lan kap\u0131s\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fcndeki Penang, Malaka ve Singapur gibi b\u00f6lgelerde, Bat\u0131l\u0131 anlamda temel\/ilk okullar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 1810\u2019lu ve 1820\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n y\u00f6netimindeki e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015fardan ithal edilen kurumlar\u0131n ve i\u00e7eriklerinin alg\u0131lama, \u00f6yk\u00fcnme, taklit etme, \u00f6\u011frenme s\u00fcre\u00e7leri ile di\u011fer yandan imtiyaz, davet, te\u015fvik ve bask\u0131 gibi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerle M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 Bat\u0131l\u0131 e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131na \u00e7eken yap\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Benzer bir durumu, Hint Alt K\u0131tas\u0131 olarak bilinen geni\u015f co\u011frafyada \u00f6zellikle yine, \u0130ngiliz s\u00f6m\u00fcrge y\u00f6netiminin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ticaretin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na ve \u00f6tesine ta\u015f\u0131ma \u00e7abas\u0131yla birlikte okulla\u015fma, e\u011fitim, m\u00fcfredat, ders plan\u0131 ve kaynaklar\u0131 vb. unsurlarla M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n geleneksel e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde bask\u0131 ve davet aras\u0131nda gidip gelen de\u011fi\u015fimleri tetikledi\u011fi ortadad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir di\u011fer geli\u015fme, Malay Tak\u0131madalar\u0131 (Nusantara) olarak bilinen ve 17. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131ndan itibaren Hollandal\u0131lar\u0131n kal\u0131c\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik s\u00fcrecine evrilmesi ve bu geli\u015fimin kurumsal yap\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131yla birlikte yine, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l ortalar\u0131ndan itibaren \u2018e\u011fitim\u2019 s\u0131n\u0131flamas\u0131na girecek olu\u015fumlarla b\u00f6lge M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131n ilgisini gayet yava\u015f ancak, uzun erimli olarak \u00e7eken geli\u015fmelerin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrebiliriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Toplumsal de\u011fi\u015fimin e\u011fitim \u00fczerinden ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilirli\u011fine olan yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n tesiriyle, yakla\u015f\u0131k son iki y\u00fczy\u0131ld\u0131r M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlarda sergilenen ve hem i\u00e7erden hem de d\u0131\u015fardan gelen fart\u00f6rlerle yenile\u015fme, reform s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde kayda de\u011fer ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015fl\u0131klara ra\u011fmen, bug\u00fcn sorunun azalmak yerine, kangren h\u00e2l alarak artarak s\u00fcrmesine \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulmak i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 sorular ve yeni yakla\u015f\u0131mlar ortaya koymak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yeksenak bir h\u00e2l olarak \u2018e\u011fitimli toplum\u2019, \u2018Bat\u0131l\u0131 bilimsel e\u011fitim\u2019, \u2018temellere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u2019 gibi bir u\u00e7tan di\u011ferine farkl\u0131 s\u00f6ylemlere ra\u011fmen, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n, yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ve s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin neden istenilen \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc veremedi\u011fini samimi olarak tart\u0131\u015fmak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Belki de, soruya verilecek cevap g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcndedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu durumda, acaba, sorun her t\u00fcr\u00fcnden egemen g\u00fc\u00e7lerin bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc bu cevab\u0131 g\u00f6rmek ve soruya bu cevab\u0131 vermek istememesi olmas\u0131n sak\u0131n! &nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mehmet \u00d6zay &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;10.08.2025 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlarda e\u011fitim olgusu ile ilgili tart\u0131\u015fmalar son iki y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n, bitip t\u00fckenmek bilmez veya bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse, s\u00fcreklilik arz eden tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, hatta en ba\u015f\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Ve bu toplumsal olgu, bug\u00fcn de devaml\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stermesiyle sadece konunun ilgililerince de\u011fil, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumun A\u2019s\u0131ndan Z\u2019sine kadar t\u00fcm ilgili birimlerinin, kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n, toplum [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6042,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,75],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6040","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gunluk-yazilar","category-sosyoloji-tarih"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6040","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6040"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6040\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6043,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6040\/revisions\/6043"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6042"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6040"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6040"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6040"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}