{"id":5918,"date":"2025-06-21T09:29:16","date_gmt":"2025-06-21T09:29:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=5918"},"modified":"2025-06-21T09:29:17","modified_gmt":"2025-06-21T09:29:17","slug":"musluman-toplumlar-ve-demokrasi-ihtiyaci-muslim-societies-and-a-need-for-democracy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/musluman-toplumlar-ve-demokrasi-ihtiyaci-muslim-societies-and-a-need-for-democracy\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar ve demokrasi ihtiyac\u0131 \/ Muslim societies and a need for democracy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Mehmet \u00d6zay &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;21.06.2025<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dosyalar\u0131m aras\u0131nda rast geldi\u011fim bir makale \u00fczerinden, k\u0131sa bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f yaz\u0131s\u0131 ortaya koyaca\u011f\u0131m. Konu, Dr. Tamimi Hoca\u2019n\u0131n \u2018\u0130slam ve Demokrasi\u2019 konulu bir makalesi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bug\u00fcnlerde, konunun g\u00fcncelli\u011fine ku\u015fku olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi en az\u0131ndan gelecek y\u00fcz y\u0131l i\u00e7in de M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar i\u00e7in g\u00fcncelli\u011fini koruyaca\u011f\u0131na ku\u015fku bulunmuyor&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bug\u00fcn, \u2018bizim demokrasiye ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z yok\u2019 diyen doktora \u00f6\u011frencilerimiz ile Dr. Tamimi Hoca\u2019n\u0131n yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n oda\u011f\u0131nda da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, -en az\u0131ndan 1950\u2019lerden itibaren- teorik s\u00f6ylemlerinde demokrasiye gayet \u00f6nemli bir yer a\u00e7an ancak, pratikleri ile bu a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 daraltan ve nihayetinde, demokratik olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 her hal\u00fck\u00e2rda topluma g\u00f6steren siyasilerin var oldu\u011fu M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlarla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yay\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bat\u0131\u2019yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma: \u0130slam ve Demokrasi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m makalenin yazar\u0131 Dr. Azzam S. Tamimi&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tamimi Hoca, \u201c\u0130slam Siyaset D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinde Demokrasi\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131, 1997 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130rlanda\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Belfast\u2019da, ayn\u0131 adla an\u0131lan camide d\u00fczenlenen bir etkinlikte sunmu\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda gayet g\u00fcncel olan \u2018\u0130slam ve Demokrasi\u2019 konusunun, dinleyicilerinin, \u2018Hicrette olan\u2019 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman topluma ve muhtemelen, ihtida etmi\u015f olan Avrupal\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hemen hat\u0131rlatal\u0131m ki, -o d\u00f6nem itibar\u0131yla-, \u2018\u0130slam ve Demokrasi\u2019 konusunun ele el\u0131nmas\u0131 bir rastlant\u0131 de\u011fil&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dr. Tamimi Hoca\u2019n\u0131n bu k\u0131sa makalesinde de zikretti\u011fi, de\u011findi\u011fi Malik bin Nebi, Seyyid Kutup gibi isimlerden baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n da zaman\u0131nda, Bat\u0131\u2019da geli\u015fen ideolojiler ile \u0130slam hakk\u0131nda, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma temelli olarak kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, s\u00f6ylem geli\u015ftirdi\u011fine tan\u0131k olunmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130slam ile Demokrasi kavramlar\u0131n\u0131n birlikte ele al\u0131nmas\u0131n bir rastlant\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, temelde M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n -daha do\u011fru s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da de\u011finilece\u011fi \u00fczere Tahtawi \u00f6rne\u011findeki gibi, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131n- kiminle, nerede, nas\u0131l, ne \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tastamam yans\u0131mas\u0131 olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bize bir kez daha g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u0131pk\u0131, -kabaca ortaya koymak gerekirse-, 1950\u2019lerden ba\u015flayarak Milliyet\u00e7ilik, 1960\u2019lardan itibaren Sosyalizm, 1970\u2019lerden itibaren modernite, 1980\u2019lerden itibaren post-modernite vb. s\u00fcre\u00e7ler bize, en az\u0131ndan 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l ortalar\u0131ndan itibaren, \u2018Ortado\u011fu ve Kuzey Afrika eksenli\u2019 siyasal ve sosyal de\u011fi\u015fimlerin i\u00e7erisindeki kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, nereye evrilmek istedi\u011fi, neyi \u00f6\u011frenmek istedi\u011fi gibi bir dizi soruya kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelecek bir y\u00f6nelimi bulunuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m temelde, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l ortalar\u0131ndan itibaren ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen Ortado\u011fu ve Kuzey Afrika \u00fclkelerindeki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n Bat\u0131\u2019da, -en az\u0131ndan- 17. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren geli\u015fme kaydeden, devlet ve y\u00f6netim, toplum ve ekonomi, siyaset ve toplum gibi konulara kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelecek, bir dizi paradigmatik yakla\u015f\u0131mlara verdikleri ve kendi i\u00e7lerinden, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kendi tarihlerinden \u00e7\u0131karsad\u0131klar\u0131 anlamlar\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc hale getirme \u00e7abalar\u0131yla yani, siyasal ideolojilerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n bir sonucudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Arap toplumu ve demokrasi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dr. Tamimi Hoca\u2019n\u0131n makalesinin ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u2018\u0130slam Siyaset D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi\u2019 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc gayet geni\u015f bir perspektifi yans\u0131t\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak, hem konuyu ele alan Tamimi Hoca, hem eserinde zikretti\u011fi isimler Ortado\u011fu ve Kuzey Afrikal\u0131&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu noktada, \u0130slam co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131n ne demografik yap\u0131s\u0131, ne co\u011frafi b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi istatistiki verilerde \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131labilecek ve genelle\u015ftirilebilecek bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc te\u015fkil etmiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu durumu, Dr. Tamimi Hoca hemen makalenin ba\u015f\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k se\u00e7ik ortaya koyarak, Demokrasi\u2019nin \u201cArap siyaset d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrleri\u201d &nbsp;ve \u201cArap \u0130slam literat\u00fcr\u00fc\u201d demek suretiyle ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Benzer hususu, \u2018Demokrasi\u2019 kavram\u0131 i\u00e7in de s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00fcsl\u00fcman zihinlerin kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda gayet \u00f6nemli bir yeri te\u015fkil eden, \u2018demokrasi\u2019 kavram\u0131n\u0131n Bat\u0131\u2019da monolitik, tek d\u00fcze vb. bir ba\u011flama oturdu\u011fu varsay\u0131m\u0131 bize do\u011fru adresi, do\u011fru toplumsal s\u00fcreci, anlaml\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimleri aktarmaktan yoksun g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ba\u015fl\u0131kta ortaya konulan ve bir t\u00fcr gizli\/a\u00e7\u0131k kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7an durumun yazar yani, Dr. Tamimi Hoca taraf\u0131ndan kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belki s\u00f6yleyemeyiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak, okuyucular a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00f6yle bir tehdit oldu\u011funa Hoca\u2019n\u0131n en az\u0131ndan, konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n bir yerlerinde de\u011findi\u011fini varsayabiliriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aksi halde, sorunun M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar genellemesi kadar Bat\u0131 Demokrasisi kavram\u0131 genellemesinin de \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcze hayli sorunlar a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Tahtawi, Fransa ve Demokrasi&#8230;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tam da bu noktada, Dr. Tamimi Hoca\u2019n\u0131n Bat\u0131 demokrasisinin etkisine dair g\u00fcndeme getirdi\u011fi Arap siyaset literat\u00fcr\u00fcnde Rifa\u2019a Tahtawi\u2019nin, Paris ziyareti sonras\u0131 1834 y\u0131l\u0131nda Arap\u00e7a kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda Fransa ba\u015fkentinde g\u00f6zlemledi\u011fi, bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde tan\u0131k oldu\u011fu geli\u015fmeleri aktarmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rnek vermesi tam da, yukar\u0131da dile getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m, \u2018Bat\u0131\u2019da demokrasi\u2019nin neye tekab\u00fcl etti\u011fine dair \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6rnek te\u015fkil ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tahtawi\u2019nin Paris ziyareti denilince akl\u0131ma ister istemez, ondan bir y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcre \u00f6nce ayn\u0131 mekana yani, Paris\u2019e benzer bir ziyarette bulunmu\u015f olan 28. \u00c7elebi Mehmed ve o\u011flu Said A\u011fa geliyor&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lgi\u00e7tir ki, Fransa demokrasisi Kuzey Afrika\u2019da Tahtawi marifetiyle giderek yank\u0131 bulacak bir siyasal ideoloji olarak belirirken, Frans\u0131z Alex Tocquivelle\u2019nin -a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 benzer d\u00f6nemde- ABD ziyareti s\u0131ras\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlemler, Atlantik Okyasunu\u2019nun \u00f6te yakas\u0131nda, farkl\u0131 bir demokrasi prati\u011finin nas\u0131l uyglanmakta oldu\u011funu ba\u015fta Fransa olmak \u00fczere Avrupa toplumlar\u0131na g\u00f6stermeyi hedefliyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dr. Tamimi Hoca, Tahtawi\u2019nin Arap\u00e7a kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 eserinde Fransa\u2019daki -\u00e7o\u011fuluculuk ilkesini i\u00e7kin olan- demokrasi uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n, \u0130slam hukukuyla -bu, \u201cideolojik ve hukuki \u00e7o\u011fulculuk\u201d olarak okunmal\u0131d\u0131r- uyumlulu\u011funa vurgu yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getiriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tahtawi\u2019nin, Fransa Devrimi (1789) sonras\u0131ndaki dur durak bilmeyen siyasal ve toplumsal geli\u015fmelerin 1830 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki boyutunu g\u00f6zledi\u011fi ve bu anlamda, d\u00f6nemin Fransa Kral\u0131 10. Charles\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ve demokratik y\u00f6netimi peki\u015ftirmeye matuf \u2018devrimi\u2019 \u00f6rnek veriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tahtawi\u2019nin, d\u00f6rt be\u015f y\u0131l Fransa\u2019da kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 biliniyor&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dr. Tamimi, taraf\u0131ndan yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekilen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn demokrasi kavram\u0131n\u0131n, siyasal boyutu ile ortaya kondu\u011fu g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tahtawi\u2019nin, Fransa toplumunda demokrasinin temsili g\u00fcc\u00fc elinde bulunduranlar yani, siyasi partiler\/gruplar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkileri ve siyasi kurumlar\u0131n i\u015flerli\u011findeki \u00f6nemi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda nas\u0131l bir toplumsal s\u00fcre\u00e7te ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, nas\u0131l bir toplumsal s\u00fcre\u00e7 \u00fcretti\u011fi gibi alanlarda ne s\u00f6yledi\u011fini kan\u0131mca d\u00f6n\u00fcp eserine bak\u0131p aramakta yarar var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bununla s\u00f6ylemek istedi\u011fimiz, Dr. Tamimi Hoca\u2019n\u0131n makalesi \u00f6zelinde, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131 boyunca Kuzey Afrika ve Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki halk\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan \u00fclkelerde \u2018demokrasi\u2019den ne anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bir yakla\u015f\u0131m ortaya koymakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Siyaset ve toplum ili\u015fki\/siz\/li\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu toplumlar\u0131n, ilgili ulus-devletlerinde y\u00f6netim erkiyle olan ili\u015fkileri, ili\u015fkisizlikleri, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman siyaset bilimcileri \u2018demokrasi\u2019 konusuna e\u011filmeye sevk etti\u011fine ku\u015fku yok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015eunu s\u00f6ylemekte yarar var ki, demokrasi kavram\u0131n\u0131n \u2018siyasal s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131yla\u2019 ortaya konulma \u00e7abas\u0131 anlaml\u0131 olmakla birlikte, bunun \u00f6nemli bir yakla\u015f\u0131m eksikli\u011fini de beraberinde getirdi\u011fine ku\u015fku yok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu nedenle, yukar\u0131da k\u0131saca Frans\u0131z Alex Tocquivelle\u2019nin Amerika\u2019ya yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 geziye g\u00f6nderme yapt\u0131m&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yani, Alex Tocquivelle, Amerika\u2019da demokrasiyi toplumsal yap\u0131lar\u0131yla birlikte de\u011ferlendirirken, Tahtawi \u00f6yle anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor ki, g\u00f6zlemlerini \u2018siyasal sistem ve kurumlar\u2019 \u00fczerine odaklam\u0131\u015f&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bat\u0131\u2019da, hem Avrupa\u2019da hem de Kuzey Amerika\u2019da toplumsal geli\u015fmeler, de\u011fi\u015fmeler, de\u011fi\u015fimler sonras\u0131 ortaya konulan bir siyasal sistem oldu\u011funu, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l M\u00fcsl\u00fcman g\u00f6zlemcileri ile 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l \u0130slam siyasal d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerinin kayda de\u011fer bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6z ard\u0131 ettiklerini s\u00f6ylemek yanl\u0131\u015f olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tahtawi\u2019ye referansla Bat\u0131 siyasal sistemine y\u00f6nelik olumlu yakla\u015f\u0131m ve bunun, -Dr. Tamimi Hoca\u2019n\u0131n makalesini sundu\u011fu d\u00f6nemi dikkate alarak s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse-, aradan ge\u00e7en y\u00fcz elli y\u0131la varan s\u00fcreye ra\u011fmen, Kuzey Afrika ve Ortado\u011fu toplumlar\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 \u00fczerinde durulmaya de\u011fer bir konudur. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dr. Tamimi Hoca, biraz alelacele yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda s\u0131ras\u0131yla, di\u011fer baz\u0131 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l Arap d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na at\u0131fla, k\u0131saca \u2018Demokrasi ve \u0130slam\u2019 konusundaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini yorumluyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Arap d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler ve despotizm t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu isimler aras\u0131nda, Tunuslu Hayrettin (Khairuddin al-Tunisi), Cemaleddin Afgani (Jamal ad-Din Al-Afgani), Muhammed Abduh, Abdurrahman al-Kawakibi gibi isimler de birbiri ard\u0131na ve ortaya koyduklar\u0131 \u00f6nemli kavramlarla gayet k\u0131sa olarak ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Belki de, ortak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f \u015fu diyebiliriz: Ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en isimler sorunu \u0130slam\u2019da bulmuyor&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bununla birlikte, hedefe d\u00f6nemlerinin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netti\u011fi iddias\u0131ndaki y\u00f6neticilerini koyuyorlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Peki, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlara, toplumsal ger\u00e7ekliklerine dair bir s\u00f6ylem var m\u0131? Evet, konuya daha derinlikli bakmakta yarar var&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u00f6r\u00fcnen o ki, ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerin Bat\u0131 toplumlar\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan siyasal sistemi ve kendi toplumlar\u0131ndaki siyasal yap\u0131lar\u0131 analizlerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 husus, toplumsal yap\u0131n\u0131n te\u015fkili \u00fczerinde durmamalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n tipik \u00f6rneklerinden birinin Tahtawi oldu\u011funu Fransa ziyareti g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri \u00fczerinde k\u0131saca belirttim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir di\u011fer \u00f6rnek, Abdurrahman el-Kavakibi&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>El-Kavakibi, teorik olarak \u201cM\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumun ba\u015flar\u0131na se\u00e7tikleri y\u00f6neticilerin niteliklerinden sorumlu olduklar\u0131n\u0131\u201d teorik olarak gayet g\u00fczel a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda hangi M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumun hangi y\u00f6neticisini, nas\u0131l se\u00e7ti\u011fi konusuna dair \u00f6rnekler -en az\u0131ndan, Dr. Tamimi Hoca taraf\u0131ndan makalesinde yer verilmiyor&#8230; Yine d\u00f6n\u00fcp el-Kavakibi\u2019nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na g\u00f6z atmakta yarar var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Belki burada, el-Kavakibi\u2019nin neyi s\u00f6ylemedi\u011fini, Cemaleddin Afgani\u2019nin ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fle ortaya koymak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Afgani\u2019nin \u201cDespotik Y\u00f6netim\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6nderme yapan Dr. Tamimi Hoca, onun M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlarda -burada yine, Kuzey Afrika ve Ortado\u011fu\u2019yu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemiz gerekiyor- siyasal y\u00f6netimlerin \u201cdespotizme\u201d d\u00fc\u00e7ar olmalar\u0131na sebebi, \u201cDo\u011fu\u2019da (M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlarda) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerin kamuoyunu\/halk\u0131 \u2018Cumhuriyet\u00e7i y\u00f6netim\u2019in de\u011ferleri hakk\u0131nda ayd\u0131nlatmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na\u201d ba\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soruna neden bulma \u00e7abalar\u0131nda s\u00fcre\u00e7 bitmiyor&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Afgani\u2019nin -uzaktan- \u00f6\u011frencisi Re\u015fid R\u0131za\u2019ya da de\u011finen Dr. Tamimi Hoca, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 uzun erimli dergisi <em>al-Manar<\/em>\u2019la belirleyici olan R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n siyasal geriliklerine sebep olarak, bu toplumlar\u0131n dinlerinin ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini (<em>the truth of their religion<\/em>) kaybetmelerine ba\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hocas\u0131yla \u00f6\u011frencisi aras\u0131nda sanki gizli\/a\u00e7\u0131k bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce yar\u0131\u011f\u0131 var gibi&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lki, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerin halk\u0131 siyasal olarak e\u011fitmemesine vurgu yaparken ikincisi, geni\u015f toplum kesimlerinin dinle ili\u015fkilerine ba\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n, Din\u2019nin hangi boyutuyla ili\u015fkilerinde problem oldu\u011funu anlamak i\u00e7in, herhalde yine d\u00f6n\u00fcp Re\u015fid R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n ne s\u00f6ylemek istedi\u011fine bakmak gerekiyor&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dr. Tamimi Hoca\u2019n\u0131n al\u0131nt\u0131lamas\u0131yla \u201cGer\u00e7ek \u0130slam iki hususu i\u00e7eririr: \u0130lki Yarat\u0131c\u0131\u2019n\u0131n birli\u011fi (ikincisi devlet i\u015flerinde dan\u0131\u015fma (consultation). Despotik y\u00f6neticiler, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumun ilk ilkeyi terk etmelerini te\u015fvik ederek, ikinci hususu unutmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131lar\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gayet a\u011f\u0131r bir ifade&#8230; De\u011fil mi?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dr. Tamimi Hoca, -\u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n buraya kadar olan b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde- dikkat \u00e7ekit\u011fi 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l Arap d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerinin kendi bireysel e\u011fitimleri, g\u00f6zlemleri, seyahatleri, tecr\u00fcbeleri ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleriyle \u015fekillenen Demokrasi ve \u0130slam olgusunu ele al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6yle anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor ki, bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler d\u00f6nemleri itibar\u0131yla \u00f6nemli bir i\u015flev yerine getirmi\u015f olsalar da, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin olu\u015fmas\u0131nda Bat\u0131\u2019da ne t\u00fcr toplumsal de\u011fi\u015fimlerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlama \u00e7abas\u0131nda zaafiyet g\u00f6stermi\u015f g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyorlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bunun anla\u015f\u0131labilir y\u00f6nleri var&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin, Kuzey Afrika ve Ortado\u011fu ba\u011flam\u0131nda o d\u00f6nem itibar\u0131yla M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumun ba\u015f\u0131ndaki y\u00f6neticilerin ve onlar\u0131n y\u00f6netim yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu a\u011f\u0131r bask\u0131dan kurtulman\u0131n yollar\u0131n\u0131 arama gibi acelecilik i\u015fin ba\u015f\u0131nda geliyor d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesindeyim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dr. Tamimi Hoca, makalesini 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131ndan itibaren ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kuzey Afria ve Ortado\u011fu toplum ve siyaset sorusunun \u2018demokrasi\u2019 olgusuna odaklayarak geli\u015ftirmesinin de pratik bir y\u00f6n\u00fc bulunuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O da, bizatihi Dr. Tamimi\u2019nin kendi ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bireysel tarihinin ona \u00f6\u011fretti\u011fi a\u00e7mazlar\u0131n \u00fczerinden gelebilme \u00e7abas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak ne, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131ndan itibaren geli\u015fme g\u00f6steren Bat\u0131\u2019da demokrasi y\u00f6netimine duyulan ilgi ne de, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l ortalar\u0131ndan itibaren ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan s\u00f6zde ulus-devletlerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kuzey Afrika ve Ortado\u011fu M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n\u0131n uygun bir siyasal rejimle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131na olanak tan\u0131m\u0131\u015f g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ortada, k\u0131s\u0131r bir d\u00f6ng\u00fcn\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kendini a\u011f\u0131r bir \u015fekilde hissettiriyor&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bug\u00fcn, bizim \u00f6\u011frencilerin \u2018demokrasi istemeyiz\u2019 s\u00f6ylemi, Bat\u0131\u2019da ya\u015fananlar\u0131n sonucu gibi alg\u0131lanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak bu durum, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlarda \u2018y\u00f6netim\u2019 sorusunu \u00e7\u00f6zmeye kafi gelmiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc demokrasi istemeyiz diyen \u00f6\u011frenciler, \u2018diktat\u00f6rl\u00fck istiyoruz\u2019 diyerek s\u00f6zde kendilerine \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc sunmu\u015f oluyorlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dr. Tamimi Hoca\u2019n\u0131n makalesini ele almaya devam edece\u011fim&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mehmet \u00d6zay &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;21.06.2025 Dosyalar\u0131m aras\u0131nda rast geldi\u011fim bir makale \u00fczerinden, k\u0131sa bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f yaz\u0131s\u0131 ortaya koyaca\u011f\u0131m. Konu, Dr. Tamimi Hoca\u2019n\u0131n \u2018\u0130slam ve Demokrasi\u2019 konulu bir makalesi. Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bug\u00fcnlerde, konunun g\u00fcncelli\u011fine ku\u015fku olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi en az\u0131ndan gelecek y\u00fcz y\u0131l i\u00e7in de M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar i\u00e7in g\u00fcncelli\u011fini koruyaca\u011f\u0131na ku\u015fku bulunmuyor&#8230; Bug\u00fcn, \u2018bizim demokrasiye ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z yok\u2019 diyen [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5919,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,75],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5918","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gunluk-yazilar","category-sosyoloji-tarih"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5918","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5918"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5918\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5920,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5918\/revisions\/5920"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5919"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5918"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5918"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5918"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}