{"id":5777,"date":"2025-03-30T09:00:26","date_gmt":"2025-03-30T09:00:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=5777"},"modified":"2025-03-30T09:01:23","modified_gmt":"2025-03-30T09:01:23","slug":"sahtekarlik-uzerine-dusunceler-some-thoughts-on-fraud","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/sahtekarlik-uzerine-dusunceler-some-thoughts-on-fraud\/","title":{"rendered":"Sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131k \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler \/ Some thoughts on fraud"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Mehmet \u00d6zay                                                                                                             30.03.2025<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sahtek\u00e2r olmak…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bireysel ve toplumsal ya\u015fam\u0131n oda\u011f\u0131nda yer alan ve kimi zaman g\u00f6rmezden gelinen, kimi zaman g\u00f6ze batacak \u015fekilde ortaya konulan bir olgu…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hangi kriterlerle, olgularla ve de\u011ferlerle hareket edilece\u011finin eyleyicisi taraf\u0131ndan, pek de sorgulanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir aland\u0131r sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sahtek\u00e2r olmak<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Belki, \u201c\u0130nsan ni\u00e7in sahtek\u00e2r olur?\u201d sorusuyla ba\u015flamak ve buna verilebilecek olas\u0131 cevaplarla ortaya, anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r bir tan\u0131m\u0131 veya buna yak\u0131n bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc koymak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunun ard\u0131ndan, hangi eylemin, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin vb. sahte olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ve\/ya bu eylem ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri ortaya koyanlar\u0131n, sahtek\u00e2r olup olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maddi manevi \u00e7\u0131kar ili\u015fkileri mi; toplumsal bir stat\u00fc kazan\u0131m\u0131 m\u0131; gelecek kayg\u0131s\u0131 m\u0131; aileden, ait olunan toplumsal yap\u0131dan vb. miras al\u0131nan olumsuz \u00f6zelliklerin isten\u00e7 d\u0131\u015f\u0131 yans\u0131mas\u0131 m\u0131 vb. Hangisi acaba?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yoksa kadim d\u00f6nemde yayg\u0131n oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan deyi\u015fle, \u201ck\u00f6t\u00fc bir ruha\u201d sahip olman\u0131n, birey \u00fczerinden g\u00fcndelik ve pratik ya\u015fama yans\u0131mas\u0131 m\u0131?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunlardan hangi t\u00fcr ili\u015fki, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce bi\u00e7imi, prati\u011fi bize bireyin ve toplumun sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131kla ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Evet, insan ni\u00e7in sahtek\u00e2r olur, ni\u00e7in sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131\u011fa meyl eder?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

‘F\u0131trat\u2019\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131tmak<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sahtek\u00e2r ki\u015fi, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fi, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi, duyguyu sorgulamak bir yana, kendinde hakl\u0131l\u0131k pay\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrekli \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kartacak \u015fekilde, bir yanl\u0131\u015f ak\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fctme, bir yanl\u0131\u015f yorumsamada bulunman\u0131n da e\u015fli\u011fine ihtiya\u00e7 duyar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bununla birlikte, eyleyicinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ve \u00f6tesinde, evrensel kabulle, i\u00e7selle\u015ftirilmi\u015f bilgiyle, sezgilerin g\u00fcc\u00fcyle, vahyi inan\u00e7 unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n verileriyle vs. bir eylemin, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin, hareketin ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn sahte olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131kla ili\u015fkisinin bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekti\u011fim evrensellik olgusu, \u0130slami terminoloji ile yeniden ele al\u0131p de\u011ferlendirilecek olursa, insan f\u0131trat\u0131n\u0131n ve f\u0131trat\u0131n kendini hissettirdi\u011fi insan tekinin ve de toplumun, duyu\u015f, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f ve akledi\u015f bi\u00e7imlerince sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131\u011fa tekab\u00fcl eden hususlar\u0131, hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde kabul edilemeyecek olgular \u015feklinde anlamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcndelik ya\u015fam\u0131n en basit, en s\u0131radan, dile s\u00f6ze gelmeyecek kadar \u00f6nemsiz i\u015flerinden \u00fclke y\u00f6netimine ve uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkilere; i\u015f \u00e7evrelerine; dini inanca, ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klara ve pratiklere; akademi ve yay\u0131n d\u00fcnyas\u0131na; bireysel arkada\u015fl\u0131k ili\u015fkilerine ve aile ba\u011flar\u0131na kadar insan ve toplum ili\u015fkilerinin her alan\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde yer alabilece\u011fi bir kavram sahte ve sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131k…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131saca iki alan \u00fczerinden ele almak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Birinci evre<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcndelik ya\u015fam i\u00e7erisinde \u00e7oklukla kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan ve \u2018maddi\u2019 ili\u015fkiler olarak tan\u0131mlanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan yap\u0131lar \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar veya \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu maddilik a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131, insan\u0131n bir yandan acziyetiymi\u015fcesine ortaya konulurken, \u00f6te yandan bir t\u00fcr mazeret olu\u015fturman\u0131n da vesilesi k\u0131l\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve bu ikili yap\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde kendini, eylemini, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini ortaya koyan insan\u0131n sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131\u011fa tevess\u00fcl etmesi pek de yad\u0131rganmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6yle ki, bu maddili\u011fin bizatihi ve de do\u011frudan s\u00fcrekli olarak bir t\u00fcr \u2018kazan\u0131m\u0131\u2019, \u2018\u00fcst\u00fcn gelmeyi\u2019, \u2018ba\u015farmay\u0131\u2019 vb. s\u00fcrekli g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131, bu t\u00fcr eylemler i\u00e7erisinde yer alan bireylerin, gizli\/a\u00e7\u0131k sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131\u011fa ba\u015fvurmas\u0131n\u0131 gerek\u00e7elendirir ve me\u015fru k\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu durum, ilgili eylemini, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini, duygusunu sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131k ba\u011flam\u0131nda sergileyen ki\u015finin bu anlamda sahtek\u00e2r olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bile sorgulamaya de\u011fer g\u00f6r\u00fclmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nihayetinde ortada var olan \u2018maddi bir ili\u015fki\u2019dir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve bu noktada g\u00fcndelik s\u00f6ylemlerde \u2018pragmatiklik\u2019, \u2018el \u00e7abuklu\u011fu marifeti\u2019 ile g\u00fcn\u00fc kurtarma, var olan ortamdan kazan\u0131mla \u00e7\u0131kma vb. \u015fekilde anla\u015f\u0131labilirli\u011finin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, sahtek\u00e2r olmama durumunda \u2018o\u011flum, aptal m\u0131s\u0131n sen\u2019, \u2018enayi misin sen\u2019 veya \u2018bak, herkes yap\u0131yor\u2019 t\u00fcr\u00fcnden e\u015f, dost, akraban\u0131n ya da kamusal alan\u0131 kontrol eden \u00f6rne\u011fin her t\u00fcr\u00fcnden medyan\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na maruz kalmama ad\u0131na giri\u015filen sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131klard\u0131r. Bunu birinci evre olarak g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130kinci evre<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, insan tekinin varolu\u015funu anlamland\u0131ran ikinci evre olarak anla\u015f\u0131lmaya m\u00fcsait \u00f6teki insan tekleriyle girilen ve ad\u0131na, toplumsal denilen yap\u0131lar, a\u011flar, ili\u015fkiler denilen s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde ortaya konulan duru\u015f, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f ve eyleyi\u015fle al\u00e2kal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2018\u0130nsan-insan ili\u015fkisi\u2019 olarak da sembolle\u015ftirilebilecek olan bu toplumsal yap\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde bireylerin, ne t\u00fcr temeller \u00fczerinden ili\u015fkilerini geli\u015ftirecekleri \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Burada, sosyolojik anlamda bir siyasi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, bir felsefi bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, bir ahl\u00e2ki tutum, bir dini b\u00fcnyeye mensubiyet vb. \u00f6nemli olgular olarak dikkat \u00e7eker.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bununla birlikte, bu kayda de\u011fer ve hatta vazge\u00e7ilmez temellere ra\u011fmen, sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131k olgusunu i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131ran t\u00fcm eylem, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve duygu olu\u015fumlar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, bu temellere sahip olan fertlerde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 da bir t\u00fcr tenakuz olarak n\u00fckseder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ad\u0131 ne olursa olsun, \u00f6\u011fretinin yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ziyade, \u00f6\u011fretiye kendini adad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 varsayan ki\u015finin \u00f6\u011fretisini \u00e7e\u015fitli boyutlarda manip\u00fcle etmesiyle belirginle\u015fen bir durum g\u00f6zlemlenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herhangi bir \u00f6\u011fretiyle kendini konumland\u0131ran ki\u015fi ulvilik, y\u00fccelik, erdemlik, kutsall\u0131k vb. kavramlar, soyut ve\/ya kitabi temellerine, s\u00f6ylemde dile getirilmelerine kar\u015f\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncede, duyguda ve pratikte her daim paranteze al\u0131nabilecek unsurlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekilen her iki halde, insan tekinin \u00f6nce maddeyle ve ard\u0131ndan, kendi benzeri olan \u00f6teki insan tekleriyle sosyolojik ili\u015fkinin her safhas\u0131nda sergiledi\u011fi davran\u0131\u015f, tutum, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, duygu s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131 gereken ve\/ya beklenen do\u011fru, hak, adil vb. kavramlarla aras\u0131na mesafa koymas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6ze batmamas\u0131, rahats\u0131zl\u0131k vermemesi, eylemlerini bu h\u00e2l \u00fczere sergileyenlerin sahtekarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7selle\u015ftirmeleri kadar, toplumsal normlar, de\u011ferler, inan\u0131\u015flar vb. olarak da g\u00f6zard\u0131 edilebilirli\u011fine tekab\u00fcl eder.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay                                                                                                             30.03.2025 Sahtek\u00e2r olmak… Bireysel ve toplumsal ya\u015fam\u0131n oda\u011f\u0131nda yer alan ve kimi zaman g\u00f6rmezden gelinen, kimi zaman g\u00f6ze batacak \u015fekilde ortaya konulan bir olgu… Hangi kriterlerle, olgularla ve de\u011ferlerle hareket edilece\u011finin eyleyicisi taraf\u0131ndan, pek de sorgulanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir aland\u0131r sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131k. Sahtek\u00e2r olmak Belki, \u201c\u0130nsan ni\u00e7in sahtek\u00e2r olur?\u201d sorusuyla ba\u015flamak ve buna verilebilecek olas\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5778,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,75],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5777","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gunluk-yazilar","category-sosyoloji-tarih"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5777","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5777"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5777\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5780,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5777\/revisions\/5780"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5778"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5777"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5777"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5777"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}