{"id":5672,"date":"2025-02-01T14:27:50","date_gmt":"2025-02-01T14:27:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=5672"},"modified":"2025-02-01T14:27:51","modified_gmt":"2025-02-01T14:27:51","slug":"osmanlidan-cumhuriyete-malay-dunyasi-yaklasimi-the-malay-world-approach-from-the-ottoman-empire-to-the-republic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/osmanlidan-cumhuriyete-malay-dunyasi-yaklasimi-the-malay-world-approach-from-the-ottoman-empire-to-the-republic\/","title":{"rendered":"Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan Cumhuriyet\u2019e Malay d\u00fcnyas\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \/ The Malay world approach from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Mehmet \u00d6zay                                                                                                             01.02.2025<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malay D\u00fcnyas\u0131 ve Osmanl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 konusunun, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin son d\u00f6neminde \u00f6zellikle de, yay\u0131n d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7abas\u0131yla bir \u015fekilde g\u00fcndeme gelmeye ve getirilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, ad\u0131na genel itibar\u0131yla \u2018gazetecilik\u2019 \u00f6zelde, -\u015fayet hakl\u0131l\u0131k pay\u0131 varsa- \u2018\u0130slamc\u0131 bas\u0131n\u2019 diyebilece\u011fimiz \u00e7evrelerin belki de, birbirinden farkl\u0131la\u015fan ama\u00e7larla Hint Okyanusu ve Malay d\u00fcnyas\u0131na dair baz\u0131 haberleri okurlar\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak, -t\u0131pk\u0131 bug\u00fcn oldu\u011fu gibi- Bat\u0131l\u0131 haber ajanslar\u0131 \u00fczerinden aktar\u0131lan geli\u015fmelerin, Hint Okyanusu ve Malay d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda olan bitene dair ne gibi hakiki, otantik, ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i yay\u0131nlar oldu\u011fu da tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Burada, Hint Okyanusu\u2019ndan kast\u0131n Hindistan olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekir. \u00d6yle ya, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n son d\u00f6neminde bas\u0131n\u0131n Hint Okyanusu\u2019yla ne t\u00fcr bir al\u0131\u015f veri\u015fi olabilir ki!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O d\u00f6nem, bu boyut ortaya konurken, devletin yani, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n i\u00e7inde \u0130ttihat ve Terakki dahil olmak \u00fczere, son d\u00f6nem h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerinin Malay D\u00fcnyas\u0131\u2019na y\u00f6nelik bir politikas\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 varsa, bunun neye tekab\u00fcl etti\u011fi meselesi de o denli \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan Cumhuriyet\u2019e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu d\u00f6nem yani, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n son yirmi y\u0131l\u0131 diyelim, -\u015fimdilik- bir yana-, acaba Yeni Cumhuriyet\u2019in ilk on y\u0131llar\u0131nda Hint Okyanusu ve Malay d\u00fcnyas\u0131 konusunda neler oldu\u011fu veya olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da, o denli ilgi \u00e7ekicidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Osmanl\u0131 ve Cumhuriyet\u2019in siyasal dikomoti ba\u011flam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nmakla kalmayan, ayn\u0131 zamanda ve bunun \u00f6tesinde, daha \u00e7ok siyasal epistemoloji a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan epeyce farkl\u0131la\u015fan boyutunun, Yeni Cumhuriyet\u2019in siyasal elitinin, Hint Okyanusu\u2019na ve Malay d\u00fcnyas\u0131na bak\u0131\u015f\u0131na bir a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m, bir yenilik mi yoksa bir t\u00fcr \u2018siyasal ketumluk\u2019 mu getirip getirmedi\u011fi de, gayet ilgin\u00e7 bir konudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mustafa Kemal\u2019den hat\u0131rlatma<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir eserde, Mustafa Kemal\u2019in bu alan dair yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131sa bir de\u011ferlendirmeye yap\u0131lan bir at\u0131f \u00fczerinden, k\u0131sa bir de\u011ferlendirme yapmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mustafa Kemal\u2019in, \u0130zmir\u2019de -muhtemelen \u0130ktisat Kongresi vesilesiyle- yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 -yan\u0131l\u0131yorsam affola(!) belirtilen izahat\u0131n bir yerinde, Hint Okyanusu\u2019na g\u00f6nderme yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 burada, kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak, \u0130zmir\u2019de yap\u0131lan konu\u015fma metnine bakmadan bu yaz\u0131y\u0131 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 belirtmek isterim\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2018G\u00f6l\u2019 metaforu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mustafa Kemal, 1. S\u00fcleyman bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle, Kanuni d\u00f6nemine at\u0131fta bulunarak o d\u00f6nemde, Akdeniz\u2019in, bir \u201cOsmanl\u0131 g\u00f6l\u00fc\u201d oldu\u011funu ifade ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anla\u015f\u0131lan o ki, Osmanl\u0131 askeri e\u011fitiminde denizcilik konusunda Akdeniz olgusu bir \u2018g\u00f6l\u2019 olarak kabul edilebilecek ba\u015far\u0131lara tekab\u00fcl eden bir alan olu\u015fturuyor ve b\u00f6yle an\u0131l\u0131yor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu noktada, \u2018g\u00f6l\u2019 metaforunu baz\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f tarih\u00e7ilerin de, kaleme ald\u0131klar\u0131 ilgili yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda g\u00fcndeme getirmelerine \u015fa\u015fmamak gerekir\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yani, Mustafa Kemal, hayat\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131dan fazlas\u0131nda mensubu oldu\u011fu, okullar\u0131nda okudu\u011fu, askeriyesinde g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131, Bat\u0131l\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerin askeri m\u00fcdahaleleriyle ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in cephede m\u00fccadele verdi\u011fi Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, d\u00f6rt y\u00fcz y\u0131l \u00f6nceki halinden haberdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u015fa\u015fmak gerekmiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, nihayetinde, Mustafa Kemal bir Osmanl\u0131 ordusu mensubu\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve askeriyede \u00f6\u011frenimi s\u00fcrecinde \u015fu veya bu \u015fekilde, Osmanl\u0131 tarihinin askeri y\u00f6n\u00fcne dair kapsaml\u0131 denilebilecek e\u011fitim ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 varsay\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bununla birlikte, Mustafa Kemal\u2019in d\u00f6nemin Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin Akdeniz\u2019le ilgili ba\u011flam\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmesinde ger\u00e7ek\u00e7ilik s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6yle ki, d\u00f6nemin 16. y\u00fczy\u0131l ilk yar\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re asl\u0131nda, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin Akdeniz\u2019deki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Bat\u0131 Akdeniz\u2019in Cezayirli otonom kaptanlara havale edildi\u011fi, Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de ise Bat\u0131l\u0131-H\u0131ristiyan denizci unsurlarla m\u00fccadelenin devam etti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015fin ilgin\u00e7 yan\u0131, Mustafa Kemal\u2019in, Akdeniz ve Hint Okyanusu\u2019na dikkat \u00e7eki\u015finden hareketle, temelde Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 1560\u2019l\u0131 ve 1570\u2019li y\u0131llarda Hint Okyanusu\u2019na a\u00e7\u0131lamamas\u0131na temel neden K\u0131br\u0131s ve Rodos Adalar\u0131 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere, Akdeniz\u2019de g\u00fcndeme gelen geli\u015fmelerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00f6nemin Hint Okyanusu\u2019nda \u00f6nemli b\u00f6lgesel akt\u00f6rlerden biri olan ve de ticaretinde \u00f6nemli rol oynayan Kuzey Sumatra\u2019da A\u00e7e Devleti\u2019nin Osmanl\u0131\u2019y\u0131 b\u00f6lgeye \u2018davetine\u2019 verilemeyen cevap temelde Akdeniz engeline tak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, 2. Selim\u2019e atfedilen ancak, daha \u00e7ok yan\u0131ndaki ba\u015fvezir Sokollu Mehmed Pa\u015fa olmak \u00fczere ilgili \u00fcst d\u00fczey sivil ve askeri zevat\u0131n kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 metinlerde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu bir\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Siyasal g\u00fc\u00e7, denizci g\u00fc\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130kincisi\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mustafa Kemal, meseleyi Akdeniz\u2019den Hint Okyanusu\u2019na ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 gayet \u00f6nemli\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00f6nem yine ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nem yani, Kanuni d\u00f6nemi\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve Mustafa Kemal, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u2018gayet b\u00fcy\u00fck politikas\u0131 neticesinde\u2019, Hindistan \u00fczerinde de etkin oldu\u011funu ifade ediyor\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

16. y\u00fczy\u0131l ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda olan biten bu geli\u015fmeyi Mustafa Kemal, \u201cOsmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek g\u00fcc\u00fc\u201d -herhalde siyasal g\u00fcc\u00fc denilmek isteniyor- \u201colmak yerine, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n denizci g\u00fcc\u00fc \u015feklinde anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi\u201dni belirtiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Burada kan\u0131mca, iki temel hususa -sorularla- dikkat \u00e7ekilebilir\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Osmanl\u0131 deniz g\u00fcc\u00fcne vurgusuyla, Mustafa Kemal, \u0130zmir\u2019de yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmada, Yeni Cumhuriyet\u2019e ve onun denizci politikas\u0131 olmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde a\u00e7\u0131k bir politika y\u00f6nlendirmesinde mi bulunuyor acaba?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir ba\u015fka a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131lacak ve de yukar\u0131daki at\u0131f dikkate al\u0131narak s\u00f6ylenecek olursa\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBelki, \u015fu an bizim b\u00fcy\u00fck bir siyasi g\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcz yok, ancak ekonomik -\u00f6zellikle de, denizcilik eksenli bir ekonomik yap\u0131la\u015fma ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmemiz gerekir\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcnde mi bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f beyan ediyor acaba?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eayet b\u00f6yleyse, Yeni Cumhuriyet\u2019in denizcilik politikas\u0131n\u0131n Akdeniz\u2019de -ve de \u00f6rne\u011fin, Ege gibi ilintili denizlerde nas\u0131l bir y\u00f6nelim takip etti\u011fi ile Hint Okyanusu\u2019na ta\u015f\u0131nabilecek \u015fekilde b\u00f6lgenin ilgili \u00fclkeleriyle siyasal ve ekonomik ili\u015fkiler a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilip geli\u015ftirilmedi\u011fi meselesi de \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mustafa Kemal\u2019in Osmanl\u0131 denizcili\u011fine dair iki farkl\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmesi \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bununla birlikte, bu iki yorumuna yeniden ele al\u0131nmay ade\u011fer oldu\u011funa ku\u015fku bulunmuyor…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lkinde, Akdeniz Osmanl\u0131 g\u00f6l\u00fc olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 aksine \u00f6nemli bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131 oldu\u011fu K\u0131br\u0131s ve Rodos gibi adalar\u0131n bile al\u0131nma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin bunu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a koydu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6te yandan, Hint Okyanusu\u2019nda Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fczerinde yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 da, Osmanl\u0131 denizcili\u011finin maddi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ziyade, politik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin yetersizli\u011fiyle a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin, Hint Okyanusu\u2019nda tek ba\u015f\u0131na hareket edemeyece\u011fini Had\u0131m S\u00fcleyman Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n giri\u015fimlerinde gayet net bir \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131karken, bunu nas\u0131l a\u015fabilece\u011fi konusunda kendisine gelen siyasi ve askeri teklifleri de\u011ferlendirme yeterlili\u011finde olamay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 da temelde Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n b\u00f6lgeyle irtibat\u0131n\u0131n, siyasal epistemolojik s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131yla anla\u015f\u0131labilee\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eu a\u00e7\u0131klamayla, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Hint Okyanusu b\u00f6lgesine dair yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na da hak vermek gerekir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndeyim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Takip\u00e7isi oldu\u011fu Sel\u00e7uklu ve Bizans gelene\u011fi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, Hint b\u00f6lgesi hakimiyetinin devletin Hint Okyanusu\u2019na giri\u015f yapm\u0131\u015f kabul edilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak bu durum, ne Balkanlar\u2019daki ilerleme s\u00fcreklilik ve kal\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k sergilemi\u015f ne de Sel\u00e7uklular gibi \u0130ran ve Hint co\u011frafyaslar\u0131na s\u0131\u00e7rama ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mustafa Kemal\u2019in d\u00f6nemin \u015fartlar\u0131 vs. dikkate al\u0131nmakla birlikte, bir asker ve devlet adam\u0131 olarak bu hususlar\u0131 ele al\u0131p almad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da sorabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin, Mustafa Kemal bunlar\u0131 biliyor olabilir, ancak ortaya koyaca\u011f\u0131 siyasi a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlamak ad\u0131na, ilgili tarihi d\u00f6neme dair b\u00f6ylesi bir s\u00f6ylem geli\u015ftirmi\u015f olabilir…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir siyaset\u00e7i olarak Mustafa Kemal\u2019in yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 -kendi s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 ve hedefleri noktas\u0131nda- ho\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Bununla birlikte, tarihi geli\u015fmeleri, \u00e7e\u015fitli a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131yla b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl bir \u015fekilde ela alma yeterlili\u011finin sosyal bilimlerin ilgili alanlar\u0131ndaki akademisyenlerce ortaya konmas\u0131 tarihe ve de bilimsel standartlara kar\u015f\u0131 bir sorumluluktur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay                                                                                                             01.02.2025 Malay D\u00fcnyas\u0131 ve Osmanl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 konusunun, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin son d\u00f6neminde \u00f6zellikle de, yay\u0131n d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7abas\u0131yla bir \u015fekilde g\u00fcndeme gelmeye ve getirilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, ad\u0131na genel itibar\u0131yla \u2018gazetecilik\u2019 \u00f6zelde, -\u015fayet hakl\u0131l\u0131k pay\u0131 varsa- \u2018\u0130slamc\u0131 bas\u0131n\u2019 diyebilece\u011fimiz \u00e7evrelerin belki de, birbirinden farkl\u0131la\u015fan ama\u00e7larla Hint Okyanusu ve Malay d\u00fcnyas\u0131na dair baz\u0131 haberleri […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5673,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,75],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5672","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gunluk-yazilar","category-sosyoloji-tarih"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5672","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5672"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5672\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5674,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5672\/revisions\/5674"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5673"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5672"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5672"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5672"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}