{"id":5612,"date":"2024-12-29T09:28:38","date_gmt":"2024-12-29T09:28:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=5612"},"modified":"2024-12-29T09:28:38","modified_gmt":"2024-12-29T09:28:38","slug":"hindistan-yasta-manmohan-singh-vefat-etti-india-mourns-manmohan-singh-passed-away","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/hindistan-yasta-manmohan-singh-vefat-etti-india-mourns-manmohan-singh-passed-away\/","title":{"rendered":"Hindistan yasta&#8230; Manmohan Singh vefat etti \/ India mourns&#8230; Manmohan Singh passed away"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Mehmet \u00d6zay &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 29.12.2024<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Manmohan Singh, \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce yani, 26 Aral\u0131k\u2019ta 92 ya\u015f\u0131nda vefat etti&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hindistan\u2019da, sab\u0131k ba\u015fbakan Manmohan Singh\u2019in vefat\u0131 \u00fclkede, yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte olan bitene dair yeni bir hat\u0131rlama ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme olana\u011f\u0131 sunuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6ncelikle, \u015funu s\u00f6ylemekte yarar var ki, Singh\u2019in vefat\u0131n\u0131n \u00fclkeyi birle\u015ftiren bir fenomene d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131 gayet dikkat \u00e7ekicidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Singh\u2019in Kongre Partisi bakan\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan, ba\u015fbakan olarak hizmet etti\u011fi dikkate al\u0131nacak olursa, rakibi konumundaki ve hemen onun ard\u0131ndan, Bharatiya Janata Partisi\u2019nin lideri olarak ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k koltu\u011funa oturan ve halen bu g\u00f6revini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren ba\u015fbakan Narendra Modi y\u00f6netimince takdir edilen bir politikac\u0131 olarak \u2018ebedi aleme\u2019 u\u011furlanmas\u0131, s\u0131radan bir siyasal g\u00f6steri olarak de\u011ferlendirilemez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aksine, \u00fclkesinin ekonomik kalk\u0131nmas\u0131na katk\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f bir teknokrat, \u00fclkenin on \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ba\u015fbakan\u0131 olarak, 2004 il\u00e2 2014 &nbsp;y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f Singh\u2019in ortaya koydu\u011fu performans\u0131n k\u0131ymet bilirli\u011finin bir ifadesi olarak g\u00f6rmek gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, belki de mensubu oldu\u011fu Sih inanc\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlerine ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucu olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan, al\u00e7akg\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc ki\u015fili\u011fi ile de takdir edildi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Erken ya\u015flar\u0131ndan itibaren ekonomi alan\u0131na ilgi besleyen ve bu anlamda, baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerin kalk\u0131nmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k di\u011ferlerinin ni\u00e7in kalk\u0131namad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerine kafa yoran bir teknokrat olan Singh, kariyeri s\u00fcrecinde bu s\u0131rr\u0131n belki de en az\u0131ndan, bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olmal\u0131 ki, Hindistan\u2019a \u00f6nemli bir kalk\u0131nma s\u00fcreci ya\u015fatabildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Singh\u2019in bu soruyu sorabilmesi \u00f6nemliydi&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, t\u00fcm imk\u00e2nlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Hindistan\u2019\u0131n ekonomik kalk\u0131nma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde hak etti\u011fi yeri alamam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, geni\u015f toplum kesimlerinin, -t\u0131pk\u0131 i\u00e7ine do\u011fdu\u011fu ailesi ve sosyal \u00e7evresi gibi- yoksullukla ya\u015fam s\u00fcrmesi gibi temel sosyal ger\u00e7eklikler onu \u00fclkesi ad\u0131na harekete ge\u00e7irmeye yol a\u00e7acak kafi olgulard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ke\u015ffedilen teknokrat<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda Ba\u015fbakan Narasimha Roa liderli\u011findeki Kongre h\u00fck\u00fcmetinde, Maliye Bakan\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rev yapan Singh, ortaya koydu\u011fu ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 politikalar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, bir \u2018teknokrat\u2019 siyaset\u00e7i olarak ad\u0131 ba\u015fbakan olarak g\u00fcndeme getirildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n, bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle sosyalist-ekonomi sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemin ve y\u00fckselen k\u00fcresel liberalizmin Hindistan\u2019da g\u00f6rece parlak ge\u00e7mesini sa\u011flayan ve bunu, 2004 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile yeni milenyuma ta\u015f\u0131yan Singh\u2019in \u00fclkesinin ekonomik sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 derinden anlay\u0131p, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm i\u00e7in olas\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7leri hayata ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bununla birlikte, yine 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n, So\u011fuk Sava\u015f d\u00f6neminin sona ermesiyle, k\u00fcresel de\u011fi\u015fim r\u00fczg\u00e2rlar\u0131na konu oldu\u011fu ve hatta belirsizli\u011fin hakim oldu\u011fu hat\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Singh politikalar\u0131yla Hindistan\u2019\u0131n ortaya koydu\u011fu ba\u015far\u0131 dikkatle incelenmeyi gerektiriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00f6nemin k\u00fcreselle\u015fme ve liberal ekonominin y\u00fckseli\u015fe ge\u00e7ti\u011fi d\u00f6nem olmas\u0131, Hindistan ekonomisinin iyili\u015fmesinde, s\u00f6z konusu bu s\u00fcrecin -Singh sayesinde- anla\u015f\u0131labildi\u011finin ve yakalanabildi\u011finin g\u00f6stergesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu nedenledir ki, Singh bug\u00fcn Hindistan\u2019\u0131n ekonomik kalk\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131, \u2018liberal ekonomik yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u2019 \u00fczerinden ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilmi\u015f bir ba\u015fbakan olarak an\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Singh, ekonomide devletin rol\u00fcn\u00fc azaltan, ekonomiyi piyasalar \u00fczerinden yeniden d\u00fczenleyen yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131yla d\u00f6nemin kalk\u0131nma s\u00fcrecini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu s\u00fcrecin, 2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile devam ettirmesine imk\u00e2n tan\u0131nan Singh\u2019in ekonomi politikalar\u0131 sayesinde Hindistan, 2004-2009 y\u0131llar\u0131nda aras\u0131nda y\u00fczde 8.5\/9 gibi y\u00fcksek bir b\u00fcy\u00fcme oran\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Onun, 2009\u2019dan itibaren ba\u015flayan ikinci ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k d\u00f6neminin ise ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131kla tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131, ekonomi politikalar\u0131nda iki d\u00f6nemi bu denli ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131racak bir \u00e7eli\u015fkinin olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da bize g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu noktada, Singh\u2019in 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00f6revini b\u0131rak\u0131rken ifade etti\u011fi ve bug\u00fcnlerde, neredeyse t\u00fcm medya organlar\u0131nda al\u0131nt\u0131lanan, \u201cTarih bana, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz medyas\u0131ndan daha nazik davranacak\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn, onun ortaya koydu\u011fu ekonomi politikas\u0131n\u0131n do\u011frulu\u011funa inanc\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erdi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek yanl\u0131\u015f olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Singh\u2019in, buruk bir \u015fekilde ba\u015fbakanl\u0131ktan ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren bu c\u00fcmleyle ilgili detaylar\u0131 belki de, kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 eserlere bakarak bulmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ekonomide ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc ba\u015far\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ba\u015fbakan Manmohan Singh\u2019in uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ekonomi politikas\u0131 bir mucize miydi yoksa, Hindistan\u2019\u0131n toplumsal ve ekonomik ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi \u00fczerinde y\u00fckselen rasyonel bir tutum muydu?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kan\u0131mca bu soru, ilgili \u00e7evrelerde g\u00fcndeme gelmeye devam edecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir bilim dal\u0131 olarak ekonomi\u2019nin kendi rasyonelleri oldu\u011fu hat\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u2018mucize\u2019 olgusunun yersizli\u011fi kendili\u011finden ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak, yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekildi\u011fi \u00fczere Hindistan\u2019da ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n Kongre Partisi h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerinin sorunlarla y\u00fczle\u015fti\u011fi d\u00f6nemin ard\u0131ndan, alternatif bir isim olarak ad\u0131, ba\u015fbakan olarak belirlenen Singh\u2019le birlikte y\u00f6n de\u011fi\u015ftirmesini, parti politikalar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m olarak g\u00f6rmek gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu farkl\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n temel ad\u0131, s\u00f6m\u00fcrge d\u00f6neminde \u0130ngilizler y\u00f6netimince uygulanan \u2018ekonomi politikalar\u0131na\u2019 tepkisellikle ge\u00e7en uzun Kongre Partisi y\u00f6netimlerinin aksine, Singh\u2019in asl\u0131nda tam da i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu topraklarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f bu tarihsel normu yeniden ortaya koymas\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sahip oldu\u011fu akademik ve teknokrat kariyerinin, Singh\u2019e siyaset d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer, bir anlamda, alternatif aray\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki Kongre liderleri i\u00e7in bir t\u00fcr siyasal kurtulu\u015f imk\u00e2n\u0131 sunuyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Singh\u2019in ekonomi alan\u0131nda Bat\u0131\u2019da ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 e\u011fitim ge\u00e7mi\u015fi ile So\u011fuk Sava\u015f sonras\u0131nda, 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda k\u00fcresel olarak g\u00fcndeme gelen a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n birle\u015fti\u011fi, yeni ve gizli-a\u00e7\u0131k bir sentezin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6z konusuydu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O d\u00f6nem itibar\u0131yla So\u011fuk Sava\u015f sonras\u0131 duruma haz\u0131rl\u0131ks\u0131z yakalanan \u00fclkelerin aksine, Hindistan, yine tarihi bir \u015fans olarak Singh gibi bir teknokrat\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla, d\u00f6nemin \u00f6zelliklerini do\u011fru okumak suretiyle ekonomik dar bo\u011fazdan \u00e7\u0131kman\u0131n yollar\u0131n\u0131 sunabilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Benzer bir durumun ni\u00e7in, 2009\u2019la birlikte ortaya konulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n cevab\u0131n\u0131, 2008 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcnde Lehman Karde\u015fler\u2019in ifl\u00e2s\u0131n\u0131n tetikledi\u011fi k\u00fcresel krizle a\u00e7\u0131klamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Belki de, Singh bu geli\u015fmeye dayal\u0131 olarak, \u2018tarihin kendisini hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u2019 s\u00f6yleyerek, sorunun uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ekonomi politikalar\u0131nda de\u011fil, k\u00fcresel ve d\u0131\u015f fakt\u00f6rden ne\u015fet etti\u011fini ifade ediyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Uzun y\u0131llar i\u00e7e kapal\u0131, yar\u0131 sosyalist \u2013 yar\u0131 devlet\u00e7i politikalarla \u00fclkeyi y\u00f6netmi\u015f olan Kongre Partisi\u2019nin ba\u015fbakan\u0131 olarak \u00fclkeyi liberal ekonomilerle d\u00fczl\u00fc\u011fe \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen ve bunu uygulayan Singh\u2019in ard\u0131ndan, \u00f6zellikle Kongre Partisi siyasi elitinin, partinin siyasal tarihini yeniden okumas\u0131 gerekecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Belki de, bundan \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lacak derslerle Hindistan siyasetinde, yeni bir Kongre Partisi a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 sergilemeleri m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu anlamda, \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce, 92 ya\u015f\u0131nda hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden sab\u0131k ba\u015fbakan Manmohan Singh\u2019in ekonomi politikalar\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcn getirdi\u011fi \u015fartlarla birlikte yeniden ele al\u0131nacakt\u0131r. &nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mehmet \u00d6zay &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 29.12.2024 Manmohan Singh, \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce yani, 26 Aral\u0131k\u2019ta 92 ya\u015f\u0131nda vefat etti&#8230; Hindistan\u2019da, sab\u0131k ba\u015fbakan Manmohan Singh\u2019in vefat\u0131 \u00fclkede, yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte olan bitene dair yeni bir hat\u0131rlama ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme olana\u011f\u0131 sunuyor. \u00d6ncelikle, \u015funu s\u00f6ylemekte yarar var ki, Singh\u2019in vefat\u0131n\u0131n \u00fclkeyi birle\u015ftiren bir fenomene d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131 gayet dikkat \u00e7ekicidir. Singh\u2019in Kongre Partisi [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5613,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5612","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-asya-pasifik","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5612","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5612"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5612\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5614,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5612\/revisions\/5614"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5613"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5612"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5612"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5612"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}