{"id":5392,"date":"2024-08-27T15:08:26","date_gmt":"2024-08-27T15:08:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=5392"},"modified":"2024-08-27T15:08:27","modified_gmt":"2024-08-27T15:08:27","slug":"bangladeste-sorun-demokrasi-mi-ekonomi-mi-is-the-problem-in-bangladesh-democracy-or-economy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/bangladeste-sorun-demokrasi-mi-ekonomi-mi-is-the-problem-in-bangladesh-democracy-or-economy\/","title":{"rendered":"Banglade\u015f\u2019te sorun Demokrasi mi Ekonomi mi? \/ Is the problem in Bangladesh Democracy or Economy?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Mehmet \u00d6zay &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 27.08.2024<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Banglade\u015f\u2019te, ba\u015fbakan Sheikh Hasina\u2019n\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, \u00fclkede demokratikle\u015fme d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine dair g\u00fcndemi belirleyen beklentilerin yerini, yava\u015f yava\u015f a\u011f\u0131r ve kat\u0131 ger\u00e7ekler almaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Asl\u0131nda, bu noktada, pek de \u015fa\u015f\u0131lacak bir durum bulunmuyor&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sheikh Hasina sonras\u0131 \u00fclkede \u2018duruma el koyan\u2019 ordu, ge\u00e7ici h\u00fck\u00fcmetin olu\u015fumuna \u00f6n ayak olurken, protestocular\u0131n ve de geni\u015f toplum kesimlerinin beklentisi hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, demokrasiye ge\u00e7i\u015f&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bunun i\u00e7in, \u00fc\u00e7 ayl\u0131k s\u00fcrenin belirlenmi\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7ta ortaya ne \u00e7\u0131karaca\u011f\u0131 merak konusu&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu noktada, Banglade\u015f\u2019deki geli\u015fmeleri anlamland\u0131rabilmek i\u00e7in kimi g\u00f6zlemciler, ekonomik ve siyasal de\u011fi\u015fmeleriyle benzerlikler sergileyen Sri Lanka ve Pakistan ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A\u011f\u0131r sorun<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dclkenin yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015findeki demokrasi pratiklerinin do\u011frulu\u011fu ve hakl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi ba\u011flamlar\u0131 g\u00f6z ard\u0131 ederek, gayri safi milli has\u0131lada -o da, tek bir sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn yani, tekstil \u00fcretiminin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla- ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmelere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, \u2018geli\u015fmekte olan\u2019 \u00fclke tan\u0131mlamas\u0131 yapman\u0131n hem, protestolar \u00f6ncesi hem de, protestolar sonras\u0131 ele al\u0131nmama yana\u015f\u0131lmayan sorunlar\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturdu\u011funa ku\u015fku yok. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u0131pk\u0131 benzeri \u00fclkelerde oldu\u011fu gibi, Banglade\u015f\u2019te de temel problemin belirli y\u0131llarda art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6stene gayri safi milli has\u0131la ile belirli y\u0131llarda, bir siyasi hareketin\/partinin y\u00f6netimde olu\u015funun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, toplumsal ve siyasal ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi belirleyen hususlar\u0131 fark etmek ve anlamak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Tarafs\u0131z ordu!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu konuda, baz\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri ortaya koymadan \u00f6nce, \u015fu soruyu sormakta yarar var: Banglade\u015f\u2019te kamp\u00fcsler \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ba\u015flayan g\u00f6sterileri ordunun tarafs\u0131z kalmas\u0131n\u0131 kimler istedi?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu sorunun cevab\u0131, Asya-Pasifik b\u00f6lgesinde, tek tek \u00fclkelerin k\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7 mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131n hedefleri aras\u0131nda oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnelerek cevapland\u0131r\u0131lmay\u0131 hak ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir yanda, \u00c7in\u2019in deniz ve kara ipek yollar\u0131 projesiyle g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni bir te\u015fekk\u00fcl\u00fc projeksiyonu ile ABD\u2019nin, Asya-Pasifik kavram\u0131n\u0131 Hint-Pasifik\u2019e d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrerek Amerikan \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde Bat\u0131 de\u011ferlerini t\u00fcm b\u00f6lgede hakim k\u0131lmak olmasa da, hissettirme y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki agresif tutumunu dikkate almakta yarar var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Banglade\u015f benzeri \u00fclkelerde, ulusal siyasetin kaderini belirlemede ulusal ordular\u0131n rol\u00fc kadar, bu ordulara arka \u00e7\u0131kan uluslararas\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 merkezlerini g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmemek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, p\u00fcr bir komplo teorisi ba\u011flam\u0131nda ele al\u0131p dikkatlerden uzak tutmak, makul bir durumu yans\u0131tmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aksine, var olan bu yap\u0131 \u00fczerinden \u2018ni\u00e7in\u2019i ve \u2018neden\u2019ini ara\u015ft\u0131rarak, bug\u00fcn dahi, \u015fu veya bu \u015fekilde devam eden bu k\u0131s\u0131r d\u00f6ng\u00fcden kurtulabilmenin \u00e7arelerini aramak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu anlamda, Dhaka\u2019da ba\u015flayan ve \u00fclke geneline yay\u0131lan protesto dalgas\u0131n\u0131n, uygun bir zamanlamayla, ulusal siyasetin merkezindeki g\u00fc\u00e7ler ve de g\u00fcvenlik mekanizmas\u0131yla engellenebilip engellenemeyece\u011fi g\u00fcndeme getirilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6te yandan, bu t\u00fcr kaosa evrilme potansiyeli ta\u015f\u0131yan toplumsal hareketleri, kendi jeo-stratejik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131nda y\u00f6nlendirebilme kabiliyetine sahip olan k\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7lerin, Banglade\u015f\u2019teki etkinlikleri dikkatle \u00fczerinde durulmaya de\u011ferdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve ger\u00e7eklik\/ler<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu noktada, 1980\u2019lerin sonlar\u0131 ve 1990\u2019lara k\u0131saca g\u00f6z atmakta yarar var&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Benzeri \u00fclkelerde oldu\u011fu \u00fczere Banglade\u015f de, So\u011fuk Sava\u015f d\u00f6nemi kutuplulu\u011funda kendine k\u00fcresel kutuplardan birini se\u00e7erken, ulusal siyasette g\u00fc\u00e7 belirleyici unsurlardan biri olarak, ordunun rol almas\u0131 bir t\u00fcr zorunluluk olarak tezah\u00fcr ediyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Her ne kadar, ad\u0131na demokratik denilen s\u00fcre\u00e7ler, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde akt\u00f6r rol\u00fc oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilecek siyasi partiler ve sivil toplum unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n kendilerini ortaya koyduklar\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bununla birlikte, temelde bu siyasi ve sivil olu\u015fumlar\u0131n y\u00f6nelimlerini belirlemede, uluslararas\u0131 arenadaki belirleyici g\u00fc\u00e7\/ler ile, ulusal siyasette nihai noktada ya da zorunluluklar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda karar mercii olan ordunun rol\u00fc ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir kader olarak n\u00fcksediyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Demokrasi pratiksizli\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yine, t\u0131pk\u0131 benzeri \u00fclkelerde oldu\u011fu \u00fczere, Banglade\u015f de, So\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u2019\u0131n biti\u015fiyle birlikte, beliren k\u00fcresel neo-liberal zeminde, kendi siyasal sisteminin olabildi\u011fince demokrasiye elveri\u015flili\u011fini g\u00f6stermek ad\u0131na, siyasi partiler aras\u0131 yar\u0131\u015fta daha bir demokrasi normlar\u0131na uygun hareket edece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak, demokrasi pratiklerinin t\u0131pk\u0131, benzeri \u00fclkelerde oldu\u011fu gibi \u00f6\u011frenilmi\u015f, i\u00e7selle\u015ftirilmi\u015f, s\u00fcrekli \u00f6\u011frenmeye a\u00e7\u0131k ve bunun, kurumsalla\u015fm\u0131\u015f siville\u015fme ile birlikte ortaya konuldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aksine, siyasal partilerin ve bunlara, \u015fu veya bu \u015fekilde eklemlenen sivil toplum olu\u015fumlar\u0131n\u0131n, devlete i\u00e7kin olan g\u00fcc\u00fc ele ge\u00e7irme ile hedeflenen k\u0131s\u0131r bir d\u00f6ng\u00fcye evrildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu geli\u015fmenin Banglade\u015f\u2019deki ad\u0131, Bangdale\u015f Ulusal Partisi (<em>Bangladesh National Party<\/em>-BNP) ile Halk Partisi (<em>Awami League<\/em>) aras\u0131nda tabiri caizse, k\u00f6r d\u00f6\u011f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc \u015feklinde cereyan eden se\u00e7im s\u00fcre\u00e7leri olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu s\u00fcrecin gelip dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 nokta, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 son on be\u015f y\u0131la varan s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda iktidarda yer alan Sheikh Hasina liderli\u011findeki Halk Partisi y\u00f6netiminin, \u00f6nce baz\u0131 \u0130slamc\u0131 liderleri ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k s\u00fcrecine kadar geri g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclen iddialarla idam sephas\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcrmesi ve ard\u0131ndan, BNP lideri Begum Khaleda Zia\u2019y\u0131 ev hapsine lay\u0131k g\u00f6rmesi oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Se\u00e7ilenlerin se\u00e7ilemeyenleri lay\u0131k g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri, b\u00f6ylesi bir demokrasi prati\u011finin t\u0131pk\u0131, Pakistan gibi Banglade\u015f\u2019te de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 tarihi bir tesad\u00fcf olmasa gerek&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu ay ba\u015f\u0131nda kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m yaz\u0131da dile getirdi\u011fim \u00fczere, Bangdale\u015f\u2019te ya\u015fananlar ulusal ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ve kurucu fig\u00fcr ve ilkelerine de\u011fin uzanan bir \u2018y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 ideolojik protesto\u2019ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrken, \u00fclkenin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 Pakistan\u2019da da aradan ge\u00e7en on y\u0131llar boyunca demokrasi pratiklerinin, \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 be\u015f yukar\u0131 benzerlikleri ile ya\u015fat\u0131lmas\u0131ndaki temel problemleri anlamak ve anlatmak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Demokrasinin ve demokrasi pratiklerinin s\u0131radan ve geli\u015fig\u00fczel bir \u015fekilde, bir ba\u015fka \u00fclkeden al\u0131n\u0131p uygulanabilecek bir siyasal sistem olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, benzeri \u00fclkeler gibi Banglade\u015f\u2019teki geli\u015fmeler bize a\u00e7\u0131k se\u00e7ik g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dc\u00e7 ay sonras\u0131nda, diyelim ki, Banglade\u015f\u2019te se\u00e7imlere karar verilir, ard\u0131ndan velev ki, olas\u0131 bir \u015feffaf se\u00e7im s\u00fcreci tatbik edilirse bunun, \u00fclkede demokrasinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na yorumlanmas\u0131n\u0131n alelacele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir karar olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u015fimdiden s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mehmet \u00d6zay &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 27.08.2024 Banglade\u015f\u2019te, ba\u015fbakan Sheikh Hasina\u2019n\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, \u00fclkede demokratikle\u015fme d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine dair g\u00fcndemi belirleyen beklentilerin yerini, yava\u015f yava\u015f a\u011f\u0131r ve kat\u0131 ger\u00e7ekler almaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Asl\u0131nda, bu noktada, pek de \u015fa\u015f\u0131lacak bir durum bulunmuyor&#8230; Sheikh Hasina sonras\u0131 \u00fclkede \u2018duruma el koyan\u2019 ordu, ge\u00e7ici h\u00fck\u00fcmetin olu\u015fumuna \u00f6n ayak olurken, protestocular\u0131n ve de geni\u015f toplum kesimlerinin [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5393,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5392","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-banglades","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5392","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5392"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5392\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5394,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5392\/revisions\/5394"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5393"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5392"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5392"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5392"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}