{"id":5045,"date":"2024-01-18T10:27:47","date_gmt":"2024-01-18T10:27:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=5045"},"modified":"2024-01-18T10:27:48","modified_gmt":"2024-01-18T10:27:48","slug":"iowa-secimleri-ve-abdde-baskanlik-yarisi-iowa-elections-and-the-presidential-race-in-the-u-s-a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/iowa-secimleri-ve-abdde-baskanlik-yarisi-iowa-elections-and-the-presidential-race-in-the-u-s-a\/","title":{"rendered":"IOWA se\u00e7imleri ve ABD\u2019de ba\u015fkanl\u0131k yar\u0131\u015f\u0131 \/ IOWA elections and the presidential race in the U.S.A."},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Mehmet \u00d6zay                                                                                                            18.01.2024<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri\u2019nde (ABD) ba\u015fkanl\u0131k ve senato se\u00e7imlerinin yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 Kas\u0131m ay\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde, Cumhuriyet\u00e7i Parti\u2019de ba\u015fkanl\u0131k aday adaylar\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131\u015f\u0131, sadece bu \u00fclkede de\u011fil, k\u00fcresel olarak dikkatle takip edilen bir siyasi olgudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz Pazartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc Cumhuriyet\u00e7i Parti\u2019den ba\u015fkanl\u0131k aday adaylar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen se\u00e7imlerin ilk turu IOWA\u2019da yap\u0131l\u0131rken, sab\u0131k ba\u015fkan Donald Trump \u00f6nemli bir oy fark\u0131yla se\u00e7imi iki rakibinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde bitirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trump\u2019un kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda rakip olarak dikkat \u00e7eken ABD\u2019nin Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler eski el\u00e7isi Nikki Haley ve Florida valisi Ron DeSantis\u2019in IOWA\u2019da arzu ettikleri ba\u015far\u0131y\u0131 bulamad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, IOWA se\u00e7imleri, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki aylarda di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerde yap\u0131lacak benzeri se\u00e7imler ve akabinde Kas\u0131m ay\u0131ndaki ba\u015fkanl\u0131k ve senato se\u00e7imleri i\u00e7in baz\u0131 ana g\u00f6stergeleri b\u00fcnyesinde bar\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131yla \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IOWA \u00f6rne\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

IOWA se\u00e7imleri, Cumhuriyet\u00e7i Parti\u2019nin oy deposu olan bir b\u00f6lge…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pazartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc yap\u0131lan se\u00e7im, geleneksel olarak Cumhuriyet\u00e7ileri destekleyen bir se\u00e7im b\u00f6lgesinde Cumhuriyet\u00e7i adaylar aras\u0131ndaki yar\u0131\u015f\u0131 kimin \u00f6nde bitirece\u011fi sorusuna cevap arand\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cumhuriyet\u00e7i ba\u015fkan adaylar\u0131 sab\u0131k ba\u015fkan Donald Trump ile ona meydan okuyan Nikki Haley aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7ece\u011fi varsay\u0131lan yar\u0131\u015f\u0131 Trump, \u00f6nemli bir oy fark\u0131yda \u00f6nde bitirdi. Bu sonu\u00e7, \u00f6nemli bir g\u00f6sterge olsa da, Cumhuriyet\u00e7i adaylar aras\u0131ndaki yar\u0131\u015f\u0131n devam etti\u011fi de bir ger\u00e7ek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, IOWA se\u00e7im b\u00f6lgesindeki toplumsal ger\u00e7eklik, hem Cumhuriyet\u00e7ilerin ve hem de g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ba\u015fkan aday\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan Trump\u2019\u0131 kimlerin ve neden destekledi\u011fini de anlamam\u0131za olanak tan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IOWA\u2019n\u0131n n\u00fcfus yap\u0131s\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimle i\u015ftigal eden, y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011fretim mezunu olmayan, beyaz-dini b\u00fct\u00fcn H\u0131ristiyan kitlelere (evanjelik) tekab\u00fcl ediyor.   IOWA\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6nemi tam da, burada ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IOWA eyalet se\u00e7iminde kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan durum, Donald Trump\u2019\u0131n toplumsal s\u0131n\u0131flarla olan ili\u015fkisini g\u00f6stermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan gayet \u00f6nemli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trump\u2019\u0131 kendine g\u00fcvenini tazeleyen ve bu anlamda, belki de, erken bir zafer havas\u0131na sokan ve di\u011fer \u00e7evrelerde, \u2018yine mi Trump!\u2019 c\u00fcmlesinin sarf ederek, hayrette b\u0131rakan IOWA\u2019n\u0131n sembol\u00fck g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc bakmakta yarar var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u0131rsal kesim \u00f6zelliklerini g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde b\u00fcnyesinde bar\u0131nd\u0131ran IOWA, Trump gibi pop\u00fclist bir ba\u015fkan aday\u0131n\u0131 benimseme e\u011filimi g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trump\u2019\u0131n Pazartesi g\u00fcnk\u00fc \u2018zaferinin\u2019 ard\u0131ndan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmaya g\u00f6z at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u201cSize, daha \u00e7ok tarla daha b\u00fcy\u00fck trakt\u00f6r verece\u011fim\u2019 ifadesi, kendisine destek veren kitlelerin toplumsal ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ABD\u2019de se\u00e7im yar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesinde, bu c\u00fcmle bize \u00f6nemli bir olguyu hat\u0131rlatmas\u0131 gerekir. ABD gibi geli\u015fmi\u015f bir \u00fclkede ABD ba\u015fkan adaylar\u0131n\u0131n siyasal g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ve siyasal s\u00f6ylemini belirleyen parametlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u2018tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn ve k\u0131rsal se\u00e7menin gelmesi gayet \u00f6nemli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Trump\u2019\u0131n, \u201cMilyonlarca insan \u00fclkemize ak\u0131n ediyor. Bunu istemiyoruz.\u201d s\u00f6ylemini dile getirmesi k\u0131rsal kesim ger\u00e7ekli\u011fine, alg\u0131s\u0131na, beklentisine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen veya bunlar\u0131 yans\u0131tan \u00f6nemli bir vurguydu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trump\u2019\u0131n dile getirdi\u011fi bu iki temel duru\u015fun, ayn\u0131 zamanda Kas\u0131m ay\u0131ndaki se\u00e7imlerde Demokratlar\u2019la Cumhuriyet\u00e7iler\u2019i ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131racak olgular olaca\u011f\u0131na ku\u015fku yok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trump\u2019\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc (m\u00fc?)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00f6z konusu adaylar aras\u0131ndaki parti i\u00e7i se\u00e7imlerin ilk turunu Trump\u2019\u0131n almas\u0131 ise, s\u00fcpriz kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131yor. \u00d6yle ki, Cumhuriyet\u00e7i se\u00e7menler aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lar anketler \u00fclke genelinde Trump\u2019un Cumhuriyet\u00e7i Parti adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fczde 70\u2019e yakla\u015fan bir oyla kabul g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, Trump\u2019un, 2016 se\u00e7imlerini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde, ayn\u0131 k\u0131rsal se\u00e7menin oylar\u0131yla kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 hat\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, IOWA se\u00e7imlerine ni\u00e7in b\u00f6ylesine b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem atfedildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131labilir.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir akademik makalede dikkat \u00e7ekilen, \u201cTrump\u2019\u0131n Amerikan k\u0131rsal\u0131ndaki g\u00fcc\u00fc \u00f6nemlidir\u201d[1]<\/a> c\u00fcmlesi tam da, IOWA toplumsal ger\u00e7ekli\u011fine i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2018K\u0131rsal\u0131n \u00f6fkesi\u2019 diyebilece\u011fimiz bu tepkisellik temelde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n az geli\u015fmi\u015f, geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerinde rastlanan durumla paralellik arz ediyor. Yani, ekonomide, ya\u015fam tarz\u0131nda h\u0131zl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Buna il\u00e2ve olarak, demokrafik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel de\u011fi\u015fim. Son iki husus, Amerika \u00f6zelinde son d\u00f6nemde g\u00f6zlemlendi\u011fi \u00fczere Latinlerin, Asyal\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc ile do\u011frudan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f Amerika!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekilen sorunlu alanlar\u0131n, Amerikan\u2019\u0131n \u201cbir erime potas\u0131\u201d (melting pot<\/em>) oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki yerle\u015fik anlay\u0131\u015f \u00fczerinde tart\u0131\u015fmalar yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek yanl\u0131\u015f olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ABD\u2019de \u00f6zellikle k\u0131rsal kesimin ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkiler ve \u00f6zellikle de ekonomi alan\u0131ndaki geli\u015fmelere verdi\u011fi tepki, 2016 ve 2020 se\u00e7imlerinde pek farkl\u0131 de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Di\u011fer birka\u00e7 parametrenin sadece, belirli se\u00e7im b\u00f6lgelerindeki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, hangi parti ba\u015fkan aday\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7imleri kazanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu noktada, benzer bir durumun bu y\u0131lki se\u00e7imler i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek yanl\u0131\u015f olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lider krizi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trump, parti i\u00e7i adayl\u0131k yar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ilk etab\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve gelecekteki s\u00fcre\u00e7lerdeki performans\u0131n\u0131n olumlu olaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki tahminlere ra\u011fmen, ortada ciddi bir liderlik krizinin oldu\u011fu da bir ger\u00e7ek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu noktada, \u00f6rne\u011fin, 2016-2020 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00fclkeyi y\u00f6netmi\u015f olan Trump\u2019la ilgili Cumhuriyet\u00e7i se\u00e7men aras\u0131nda, 2021 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan bir anket \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00fczde 22\u2019si Trump\u2019\u0131n ulusal siyasette yer almas\u0131n\u0131 benimsemekle birlikte, bir daha oy vermeyece\u011fini dolayl\u0131 olarak s\u00f6ylerken; y\u00fczde 32\u2019si Trump\u2019\u0131n ulusal siyasette yer almas\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7 istemedikleri g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.[2]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trump\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fkanl\u0131k d\u00f6neminde, Cumhuriyet\u00e7i Parti i\u00e7erisindeki kopmalar ve b\u00fcrokrasideki atamalar s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde ya\u015fananlar hat\u0131rlamakta yarar var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6yle ki, kendilerine \u00f6nemli bakanl\u0131klar ve b\u00fcrokraside \u00f6nemli makamlar verdi\u011fi Cumhuriyet\u00e7i \u00e7evrelere mensup gayet \u00f6nemli isimlerin teker teker nas\u0131l yan\u0131ndan uzakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve\/ya Trump\u2019un nas\u0131l yan\u0131ndan uzakla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, siyasi lider krizi \u00f6zelliklerinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Olu\u015fan bu durumu, ABD bas\u0131n\u0131 \u2018kaos\u2019 kavram\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak izah etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, Kas\u0131m ay\u0131ndaki se\u00e7imlere g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde haz\u0131rlanan ba\u015fkan adaylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Trump\u2019\u0131 yeniden g\u00f6rmek, \u201cGayet \u00f6nemli bir s\u00fcre\u00e7le kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fumuz anlam\u0131na m\u0131 geliyor? diye sormak gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cumhuriyet\u00e7i parti i\u00e7inde ve ABD kamuoyunda olu\u015fan bu Trump sorgulamas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendiren belki de, en \u00f6nemli arg\u00fcman k\u00fcresel politikada \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, vulgar, \u00f6tekile\u015ftirici s\u00f6ylem dilini g\u00fcndemin ortas\u0131na oturtmas\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcm bu unsurlar birbirine eklendi\u011finde, Cumhuriyet\u00e7i \u00e7evrelerde, \u201cBiz b\u00f6yle bir aday\u0131 nas\u0131l \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131k?\u201d s\u00f6yleminin seslendirilmi\u015f olmas\u0131na \u015fa\u015fmamak gerekir. Bununla birlikte, \u2018lider krizinin\u2019 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerinde de\u011fil, ABD gibi geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerinde de olabilece\u011fine dair \u00f6rnekle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yay\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu nedenledir ki, 2020\u2019deki se\u00e7imleri Demokratlar kazansa da, \u2018ya\u015fl\u0131 Biden\u2019in ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 politikadaki \u2018a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n hissedilememi\u015f olmas\u0131, ABD kamuoyunda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc yine Trump y\u00f6n\u00fcnde yap\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015f g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayn\u0131 lider krizinin, aradan ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda, Cumhuriyet\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda bir kez daha Trump ad\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fkan aday\u0131 olarak \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131nda tezatl\u0131k i\u00e7ermesi asl\u0131nda, ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z d\u00f6nemin ikilemlerinden biridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/a> Don E. Albrecht. (2022). \u201cDonald Trump and changing rural\/urban voting patterns\u201d, Journal of Rural Studies<\/em>, Volume 91, (April), (148-156).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/a> Amina Dunn. (2021). \u201cTwo-thirds of Republicans want Trump to retain major political role; 44% want him to run again in 2024\u201d, (21 October 2021). https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/short-reads\/2021\/10\/06\/two-thirds-of-republicans-want-trump-to-retain-major-political-role-44-want-him-to-run-again-in-2024\/<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay                                                                                                            18.01.2024 Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri\u2019nde (ABD) ba\u015fkanl\u0131k ve senato se\u00e7imlerinin yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 Kas\u0131m ay\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde, Cumhuriyet\u00e7i Parti\u2019de ba\u015fkanl\u0131k aday adaylar\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131\u015f\u0131, sadece bu \u00fclkede de\u011fil, k\u00fcresel olarak dikkatle takip edilen bir siyasi olgudur. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz Pazartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc Cumhuriyet\u00e7i Parti\u2019den ba\u015fkanl\u0131k aday adaylar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen se\u00e7imlerin ilk turu IOWA\u2019da yap\u0131l\u0131rken, sab\u0131k ba\u015fkan Donald Trump \u00f6nemli […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5046,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5045","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-asya-pasifik","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5045","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5045"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5045\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5047,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5045\/revisions\/5047"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5046"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5045"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5045"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5045"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}