{"id":4962,"date":"2023-11-10T08:47:49","date_gmt":"2023-11-10T08:47:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=4962"},"modified":"2023-11-10T08:47:49","modified_gmt":"2023-11-10T08:47:49","slug":"endonezyadan-baharat-yoluna-yatirim-indonesia-invests-spice-route-concept","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/endonezyadan-baharat-yoluna-yatirim-indonesia-invests-spice-route-concept\/","title":{"rendered":"Endonezya\u2019dan Baharat Yolu\u2019na yat\u0131r\u0131m \/ Indonesia invests Spice Route concept"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Mehmet \u00d6zay &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;10.11.2023<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Endonezya\u2019n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131nda g\u00fcndeme getirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018Baharat You\u2019 (<em>Spice route<\/em>), temas\u0131 akademi d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ele al\u0131nmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hedefte 2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda UNESCO taraf\u0131ndan D\u00fcnya K\u00fclt\u00fcr Miras\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda tan\u0131nmas\u0131 beklenen bu teman\u0131n, sadece Endonezya a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011fil, b\u00f6lgesel ve k\u00fcresel \u00f6nemi oldu\u011funa ku\u015fku bulunmuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu anlamda, 23-24 Ekim g\u00fcnlerinde Cakarta\u2019da d\u00fczenlenen uluslararas\u0131 konferas\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, 5-6 Kas\u0131m g\u00fcnlerinde bu defa, A\u00e7e\u2019de benzeri bir akademik etniklik g\u00fcndeme geldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u00e7e\u2019de 8. ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen A\u00e7e K\u00fclt\u00fcr Festivali (<em>Pekan Kebudayaan Aceh<\/em>) kapsam\u0131nda 5-6 Kas\u0131m g\u00fcnlerindeki akademik etkinlik, Endonezya Devleti\u2019nin do\u011fuda Maluku\u2019dan bat\u0131da A\u00e7e\u2019ye kadar olan b\u00f6lgenin tarihsel ve ekonomik \u00f6nemini Baharat yolu temas\u0131yla g\u00fcndeme getirmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan gayet \u00f6nemliydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cakarta\u2019daki etkinlik, \u201cHint Okyanusu\u2019nda Maddi K\u00fclt\u00fcr De\u011fi\u015fimleri\u201d (<em>Spiced Islam: Material Cultures Across the Indian Ocean<\/em>) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131rken, Banda A\u00e7e\u2019deki etkinlik \u201cBaharat: Baharat\u2019\u0131n Tarihsel \u0130zleri ve Baharat Ekonomisi\u2019nin Gelecekteki F\u0131rsatlar\u0131\u201d (<em>Rempah: Jejak Sejarah Rempah dan Peluang Masa Depan Ekonomi Rempah<\/em>) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Banda A\u00e7e\u2019deki akademik etkinlikte ele al\u0131nan Baharat Yolu temas\u0131n\u0131n, K\u00fclt\u00fcr Festivali ba\u011flam\u0131nda di\u011fer etkinliklere de konu edilmesi, s\u00f6z konusu politikan\u0131n toplum nezdinde tan\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kayda de\u011fer bir husustur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu iki etkinlik asl\u0131nda, Endonezya devletinin, tarihsel olarak Tak\u0131madalar\u2019\u0131n baharat ticaretinde \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan 22 b\u00f6lgede benzer s\u00f6ylemi ve etkinlikleri g\u00fcndeme getirmesiyle ilgili oldu\u011funa ku\u015fku yok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu yaz\u0131da, Banda A\u00e7e\u2019de kat\u0131lma imk\u00e2n\u0131 buldu\u011fum konferansa dair detaylar\u0131 bir ba\u015fka yaz\u0131ya b\u0131rakarak, \u0130pek Yolu-Baharat Yolu kavramlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00c7in ve Endonezya d\u0131\u015f politika a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131na k\u0131saca de\u011finece\u011fim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00c7in ve \u0130pek Yollar\u0131 projesi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lk etapta tarihsel bir ima uyand\u0131ran, \u2018Baharat Yolu\u2019 temas\u0131 temelde, 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u015ei Cinping\u2019in devlet ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na gelmesiyle birlikte g\u00fcndeme getirdi\u011fi kara ve deniz \u0130pek Yollar\u0131 (<em>Silk Road<\/em>) projesi veya bununla birlikte an\u0131lmay\u0131 hak eden \u2018Ku\u015fak-Yol Projesi\u2019ne (<em>Belt- Road Initiative<\/em>) alternatif bir nitelik ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrebilirim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, son on y\u0131lda Do\u011fu Asya\u2019daki bu a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n Endonezya\u2019ya yans\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fal kabul etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bununla birlikte, ya\u015fanan bu s\u00fcrecin \u00c7in\u2019in Bat\u0131\u2019yla \u00f6zellikle de ABD ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelmesiyle, yeni bir t\u00fcr so\u011fuk sava\u015f s\u00fcrecine evrilmesinin, \u00c7in\u2019i b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleri i\u00e7in yeni bir tehdit boyutuna ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 da bir o kadar dikkat \u00e7ekicidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Her ne kadar \u00c7in\u2019in \u00f6rne\u011fin Vietnam, Filipinler ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere G\u00fcney \u00c7in Denizi\u2019ne kom\u015fu \u00fclkelere y\u00f6nelik a\u00e7\u0131k tehdidi hen\u00fcz Endonezya\u2019ya o boyutta sirayet etmemi\u015f olsa da, Riau Eyaleti\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 Natuna Adalar\u0131 ile g\u00fcndeme gelen yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki s\u00fcrt\u00fc\u015fmenin, G\u00fcney \u00c7in Denizi sorununun Endonezya\u2019ya pek de o kadar uzak olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, \u00c7in bu k\u00fcresel projesiyle bir yandan, Orta Asya \u00fczerinden karayollar\u0131 ile Avrupa\u2019ya \u00f6te yandan, G\u00fcney \u00c7in Denizi-Malaka Bo\u011faz\u0131-Hint Okyanusu ile K\u00f6rfez \u00dclkeleri, Arabistan, Do\u011fu Akdeniz, Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019ya uzanmay\u0131 hedefliyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ve aradan ge\u00e7en on y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre\u00e7te t\u00fcm eksikliklerine ra\u011fmen, \u00c7in\u2019in bu hedeflerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirme konusunda istikrarl\u0131 bir a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. En az\u0131ndan s\u00fcrecin devam ediyor olu\u015fu, bu konuda sergilenen istikrar\u0131n bir g\u00f6stergesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c7in\u2019in bu noktaya nas\u0131l geldi\u011fi konusu gayet \u00f6nemli\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu ba\u011flamda, \u00f6zellikle 1980\u2019lerden ba\u015flayan ve \u201cgeli\u015fmekte olan \u00c7in\u201d kavram\u0131yla Bat\u0131 medyas\u0131 ve akademi d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda yer alan \u00c7in\u2019in, aradan ge\u00e7en 30-40 y\u0131ll\u0131k zaman diliminde ekonomi-politik ve uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkiler ba\u011flam\u0131nda geldi\u011fi noktay\u0131 ortaya koymas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan dikkat \u00e7ekicidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, son on y\u0131l\u0131 izlenmeye de\u011fer \u0130pek Yollar\u0131 kavramsalla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zellikle, Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkeler taraf\u0131ndan ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve buna alternatif politikalar geli\u015ftirilmesine tan\u0131k oluyorduk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Endonezya\u2019dan alternatif a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, \u00c7in\u2019le son d\u00f6nemde gayet yak\u0131n ili\u015fkiler kuran Endonezya\u2019n\u0131n, hem b\u00f6lge ve hem de k\u00fcresel ekonomi-politik ortam\u0131nda yer almas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak alternatif bir kavramsalla\u015ft\u0131rma ile g\u00fcndeme geliyor olu\u015funu yak\u0131ndan takep etmek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Endonezya\u2019da devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 Joko Widodo liderli\u011findeki h\u00fck\u00fcmet\u00e7e g\u00fcndeme getirilen bu kavram\u0131n, \u201cBaharat Yollar\u0131\u201d (<em>Spice Routes<\/em>) temas\u0131yla g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131nda temelde \u015fa\u015f\u0131lacak bir \u015fey yok\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aksine, sorgulanmas\u0131 gereken, Endonezya\u2019n\u0131n denizcilik (<em>maritime<\/em>) g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ve bunun, tarihsel ve geleneksel eksenini olu\u015fturan \u2018baharat ticareti\u2019 ve bu ticarete konu olan suyollar\u0131n\u0131n ve liman \u015fehirlerinin ve bu \u015fehirlerin bulundu\u011fu adalar\u0131 ni\u00e7in bu g\u00fcne kadar g\u00fcndeme getirmemi\u015f oldu\u011fudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dikkat \u00e7eken hususlardan biri tarihsel olarak de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fe, Baharat Yollar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u0130pek Yolu\u2019dan \u00f6nce hayata ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu durum, Tak\u0131madalar b\u00f6lgesinin erken d\u00f6nemlerden itibaren \u00e7e\u015fitli suyollar\u0131 \u00fczerinden farkl\u0131 co\u011frafyalarla do\u011frudan ve dolayl\u0131 olarak kurdu\u011fu ili\u015fkiler geli\u015ftirdi\u011fine i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tarihte var olan s\u00f6z konusu bu ekonomik ba\u011flam\u0131n, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki yakla\u015f\u0131mlardan farkl\u0131 olarak do\u011frudan yans\u0131malar\u0131n\u0131n siyasal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, sosyal ve dini a\u00e7\u0131lardan da \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlatmakta yarar var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bug\u00fcn, Endonezya\u2019da Jokowi y\u00f6netiminin baharat yolu kavram\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek istedi\u011fi bir dizi a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131mlar oldu\u011funa ku\u015fku yok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131mlar, Tak\u0131madalar\u2019dan olu\u015fan ve pek \u00e7ok suyollar\u0131na sahip ve \u00e7e\u015fitli k\u00fcresel suyollar\u0131yla irtibatl\u0131 Endonezya\u2019n\u0131n jeo-politik ile jeo-ekonomisini birle\u015ftirme amac\u0131 g\u00fcd\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin hedefinde, ekonomik de\u011fi\u015fkenlere ve gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 e\u015fitsizliklerine konu olan Tak\u0131madalar halklar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fta t\u00fcm t\u00fcrleriyle baharat olmak \u00fczere, ilintili ekonomik de\u011ferlerini b\u00f6lgesel ve k\u00fcresel piyasalara ta\u015f\u0131yabilecek bir mekanizman\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu husus, hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, e\u011fitim, ara\u015ft\u0131rma-geli\u015ftirme, finans, yat\u0131r\u0131m, ula\u015f\u0131m, y\u00f6netim, yasal d\u00fczenlemeler vb. gibi \u00e7oklu altyap\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 gerektiriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak, belki de t\u00fcm bunlardan \u00f6nce siyasilerin, b\u00fcrokrasinin, yerel y\u00f6netimlerin, i\u015f\u00e7evrelerinin ve genel itibar\u0131yla halk\u0131n bu devasa a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ortaya koyacak bir ortak bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce sistemine sahip olup olmad\u0131klar\u0131na cevap aramak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu noktada sorulmas\u0131 gereken soru \u015fu: Mevcut haliyle Endonezya devleti b\u00f6ylesine kapsaml\u0131 bir yat\u0131r\u0131m imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131 Tak\u0131madalar\u2019daki geni\u015f toplum kesimlerine sa\u011flayabilir mi?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu ifadeler ve sorular ile a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 Endonezya h\u00fck\u00fcmetince geli\u015ftirilmek istenen Baharat yolu projesini olumsuzlamak veya k\u00f6t\u00fcmser bir yakla\u015f\u0131m sergilemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bununla birlikte, \u00f6rne\u011fin A\u00e7e\u2019den ba\u015flayarak \u00fclkenin farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerindeki yat\u0131r\u0131m olanaklar\u0131n\u0131n en az\u0131ndan, bu y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren nereden nereye geldi\u011fi; var olan potansiyellerin ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011ferlendirilebildi\u011fi; merkezi y\u00f6netim-yerel y\u00f6netim ili\u015fkisi ve i\u015f \u00e7evrelerinin ilgili yat\u0131r\u0131m alanlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelimi; halk\u0131n ilgili alanlarda e\u011fitimi ve \u00fcretim kapasitelerinin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi pek \u00e7ok alanda bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ortaya konulmas\u0131 gerekiyor. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00f6ylece var olan imk\u00e2nlar ile bir an \u00f6nce hayata ge\u00e7irilmesi gereken altyap\u0131 olanaklar\u0131n\u0131n neler oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131labilecektir. Aksi halde, baharat yolu temas\u0131n\u0131n UNESCO taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131yla yetinilecek bir \u00e7aban\u0131n b\u00f6lgenin jeo-ekonomik ger\u00e7ekli\u011fine pek de bir katk\u0131s\u0131 olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mehmet \u00d6zay &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;10.11.2023 Endonezya\u2019n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131nda g\u00fcndeme getirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018Baharat You\u2019 (Spice route), temas\u0131 akademi d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ele al\u0131nmaya devam ediyor. Hedefte 2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda UNESCO taraf\u0131ndan D\u00fcnya K\u00fclt\u00fcr Miras\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda tan\u0131nmas\u0131 beklenen bu teman\u0131n, sadece Endonezya a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011fil, b\u00f6lgesel ve k\u00fcresel \u00f6nemi oldu\u011funa ku\u015fku bulunmuyor. Bu anlamda, 23-24 Ekim g\u00fcnlerinde Cakarta\u2019da d\u00fczenlenen uluslararas\u0131 konferas\u0131n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4963,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4962","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-endonezya","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4962","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4962"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4962\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4964,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4962\/revisions\/4964"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4963"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4962"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4962"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4962"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}