{"id":47,"date":"2013-09-16T06:36:00","date_gmt":"2013-09-16T06:36:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost:8080\/ini\/?p=47"},"modified":"2016-10-10T06:31:19","modified_gmt":"2016-10-10T06:31:19","slug":"vietnam-trans-pafisik-isbirliginde-ro","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/vietnam-trans-pafisik-isbirliginde-ro\/","title":{"rendered":"Vietnam \u201cTrans-Pafisik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi\u201dnde Rol Al\u0131rken \/ The Role of Vietnam in Trans-Pacific Trade Partnership"},"content":{"rendered":"
Mehmet \u00d6zay \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a013 Eyl\u00fcl 2013<\/b><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
2 Eyl\u00fcl 1945\u2019de Fransa\u2019dan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 il\u00e2n eden Vietnam, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tadabilmek i\u00e7in 1954\u2019e kadar s\u00fcren 1. Hint-\u00c7ini Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sona ermesini beklemek zorunda kald\u0131ysa da, ard\u0131ndan bir on y\u0131l sonra Amerikan i\u015fgaliyle bir kez daha ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 inkitaya u\u011frad\u0131. Bug\u00fcn Vietnam, aradan ge\u00e7en yar\u0131m y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcrenin sonunda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nemli ticaret ittifak\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde yer alma yolunda. Hem de d\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u015fgalci g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fi bir olu\u015fumda. Ad\u0131na Trans-Pasifik Ticaret \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi (TPT\u0130) denilen ve on iki \u00fclkeyi kapsayan ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131 bu yeni y\u00fczy\u0131l i\u00e7inde bug\u00fcne kadar imzalanan en kapsaml\u0131 ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu anla\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6nemi imza atacak \u00fclkelerin k\u00fcresel ticarette %40\u2019l\u0131k pay\u0131 temsil etmeleri. Ancak hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, TPT\u0130\u2019nin \u00f6nc\u00fc akt\u00f6r\u00fc Amerika\u2026<\/div>\n
Peki Vietnam i\u00e7in bu anla\u015fma ne ifade ediyor? \u00d6ncelikle \u00fcyeleri ekonomi politikalar\u0131 ve siyasi rejimleri birbirinden farkl\u0131l\u0131k arz eden \u00fclkelerden olu\u015fmas\u0131 nedeniyle Vietnam i\u00e7in ilk etapta bir handikap olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilir. Ayn\u0131 kulvarda yar\u0131\u015fabilece\u011fi \u00fclkelerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Vietnam\u2019\u0131n \u00e7ekincesi olabilir. \u00d6yle ki, bu noktada ayn\u0131 ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131na konu olan Malezya\u2019da Dr. Mahathir Muhammed Malezya h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin kesinlikle bu anla\u015fmay\u0131 g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmesini, aksi halde 1997\u2019dekine benzer bir krizle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kal\u0131nabilece\u011fi uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyordu. Dr. Mahathir\u2019i \u015f\u00fcpheye sevk eden \u00f6rne\u011fin, Ringgit\u2019in de\u011ferinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcce\u011fi gibi nedenler Vietnam i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erli olamaz m\u0131?<\/div>\n
Bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce Vietnam Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Amerika ziyaretine de\u011finmi\u015f ve Washington\u2019daki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde eli zay\u0131f olan taraf\u0131n ekonomik kalk\u0131nmaya muhta\u00e7 olmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Vietnam oldu\u011funu vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. Bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, Vietnam\u2019\u0131n talep etti\u011fi ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131mlara kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Amerika, \u2018\u00f6nce insan haklar\u0131\u2019 vurgusuyla ilk ad\u0131m\u0131n Vietnam y\u00f6netiminden gelmesini do\u011frudan ifade ediyordu. \u0130nsan haklar\u0131 konusuyla ilintili di\u011fer konular, sadece Kom\u00fcnist Partisi\u2019nin sesinin \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkede muhalefete de bir yer vermek; bas\u0131n ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc geliyor.<\/div>\n
B\u00f6ylece, Vietnam bu \u2018\u015farta\u2019 evet demedik\u00e7e Amerika\u2019n\u0131n ili\u015fkilerde arzu edilen s\u00fcre\u00e7leri yava\u015flatabilece\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yordu. Liderlerin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin \u00f6tesinde, Vietnam halk\u0131n\u0131n ne istedi\u011fine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00fclkedeki siyasi hakimiyetin yeg\u00e2ne sahibi konumundaki kom\u00fcnist partisinin g\u00fcc\u00fc ve halk \u00fczerinde kurdu\u011fu egemenlik sahas\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fli\u011fi dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Amerika se\u00e7ene\u011fini bir \u2018\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u2019 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyorlar. \u015eayet b\u00f6yle bir durum varsa, hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, Amerikan y\u00f6netimi \u00f6nce \u2018insan haklar\u0131 sat\u0131\u015f\u0131\u2019 yap\u0131yor ard\u0131ndan \u2018sat\u0131\u015f reyonunda\u2019 ne varsa onlar boca ediliyor. Bu i\u015fin bir de Vietnam\u2019daki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 var…<\/div>\n
\u00d6te yandan, TPT\u0130\u2019nin en az\u0131ndan bug\u00fcn geldi\u011fi noktada, \u00fcye \u00fclkelerin \u00fcrettikleri metalar\u0131 Amerikan piyasas\u0131na s\u00fcrebilmelerinin en \u00f6nemli \u015fart\u0131 Amerikan taleplerine evet demek. Nedir bu talepler diye soruldu\u011funda kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za bankac\u0131l\u0131k, sigortac\u0131l\u0131k, maliye, telekom\u00fcnikasyon, e\u011flence ve farmakoloji gibi alanlar geliyor. Son yirmi y\u0131lda ekonomi y\u00f6neliminden hareket edecek olursak, Vietnam\u2019\u0131n bu alanlarda reddiye sunabilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez. Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclke -\u00f6zellikle Japonya\u2019y\u0131 da eklemek gerekir- piyasalar\u0131n\u0131n tekstil ve ayakkab\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layan \u00f6nemli bir \u00fcretici \u00fclke olan Vietnam son yirmi y\u0131ld\u0131r bu i\u015fte ne kadar \u2018uzman\u2019 oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlad\u0131. Geleneksel ba\u011flamda s\u00f6ylersek, \u2018kol g\u00fcc\u00fcne\u2019 dayanan ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretli i\u015f\u00e7iler marifetiyle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bu imalat sanayiini, \u00f6zellikle tekstil ve ayakkab\u0131 sekt\u00f6rlerini ellerinde tutan\u0131n san\u0131labilece\u011fi gibi Vietnam i\u015f \u00e7evreleri de\u011fil. Bat\u0131ya bu \u00fcr\u00fcnleri pazarlayan ulusa\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u015firketler veya bunlar ad\u0131na i\u015f g\u00f6ren arac\u0131 \u015firketler. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu \u00e7evreler Vietnam\u2019\u0131n t\u00fcm toplam ihracat\u0131n\u0131n %20\u2019sine tekab\u00fcl eden yukar\u0131da zikreliden sekt\u00f6rlerde s\u00f6z sahibiler. \u00c7in\u2019le k\u0131yasland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda i\u015f\u00e7i giderlerinin %30 daha ucuz olu\u015fu, bu \u00fclkeyi -t\u0131pk\u0131 b\u00f6lgedeki benzerleri gibi- \u00fcretim alan\u0131nda birer cazibe merkezi k\u0131l\u0131yor. Tam da burada, giri\u015fte ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz ABD-Vietnam ili\u015fkilerinde \u2018\u00f6ncelikler\u2019 konusu dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda TPT\u0130 \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi bir tenakuz olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorulabilir.<\/div>\n
Amerikan\u2019\u0131n bu sekt\u00f6rlerde \u00f6nemli bir pazar olu\u015fturmas\u0131 Vietnam\u2019daki yukar\u0131da zikredilen sekt\u00f6rlerdeki \u00fcretimci g\u00fc\u00e7lerin y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fcld\u00fcrmekle kalm\u0131yor, TPT\u0130\u2019de yer almayan -aralar\u0131nda \u00c7in\u2019in de oldu\u011fu- \u00e7evre \u00fclkelerde tekstil ve ayakkab\u0131 \u00fcretiminin yan kollar\u0131nda rol alan \u015firketleri de Vietnam\u2019da do\u011facak f\u0131rsattan istifade etmeye ve Vietnam\u2019da yat\u0131r\u0131ma sevkediyor. Bu anlamda TPT\u0130\u2019nin kendi muadilindeki \u00fclkelerle rekabette Vietnam\u2019\u0131 \u00f6ne ge\u00e7irece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndeler. Tabii bunun i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle TPT\u0130\u2019nin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesi gerekiyor. Burada dikkat \u00e7eken husus, Amerika\u2019n\u0131n uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimi ticaret vergilerinin TPT\u0130\u2019ne di\u011fer \u00fcye \u00fclkeler gibi Vietnam i\u00e7inde bir avantaja d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fecek olmas\u0131.<\/div>\n
TPT\u0130 ba\u011flam\u0131nda geli\u015fme potansiyeli sergileyen Amerika-Vietnam ticaret ili\u015fkisinin kazand\u0131raca\u011f\u0131 siyasi getiriler de s\u00f6z konusu. \u00d6yle ya, \u00c7in bu i\u015fbirli\u011finin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutuldu\u011funa g\u00f6re, b\u00f6lgede Vietnam\u2019\u0131n geli\u015fmesinden ve bu geli\u015fmenin Amerika\u2019n\u0131n b\u00f6lgede n\u00fcfuz kurma \u00e7abalar\u0131na katk\u0131s\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/div>\n

http:\/\/www.dunyabulteni.net\/?aType=haber&ArticleID=274268<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a013 Eyl\u00fcl 2013 2 Eyl\u00fcl 1945\u2019de Fransa\u2019dan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 il\u00e2n eden Vietnam, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tadabilmek i\u00e7in 1954\u2019e kadar s\u00fcren 1. Hint-\u00c7ini Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sona ermesini beklemek zorunda kald\u0131ysa da, ard\u0131ndan bir on y\u0131l sonra Amerikan i\u015fgaliyle bir kez […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1461,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-47","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vietnam"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=47"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1462,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47\/revisions\/1462"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1461"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=47"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=47"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=47"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}