{"id":4564,"date":"2022-05-18T21:21:39","date_gmt":"2022-05-18T21:21:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=4564"},"modified":"2022-05-18T21:23:14","modified_gmt":"2022-05-18T21:23:14","slug":"kendi-cenaze-namazini-kilmak-ya-da-imam-hatip-okullarinin-varligi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/kendi-cenaze-namazini-kilmak-ya-da-imam-hatip-okullarinin-varligi\/","title":{"rendered":"Kendi cenaze namaz\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131lmak ya da \u0130mam-Hatip okullar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 18.05.2022<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk siyasal tarihinde ya\u015fanan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmler, sadece 1923 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flayan ve birka\u00e7 on y\u0131l boyunca devam eden Yeni Cumhuriyet evresindeki geli\u015fmelerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmayan aksine, bunun \u00e7ok daha \u00f6ncesinde ba\u015flayan Bat\u0131l\u0131la\u015fma ve modernle\u015fme \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131 ele almay\u0131 gerektirmektedir.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmler i\u00e7erisinde kayda de\u011fer bir yeri olan e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekicidir.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde \u00f6zellikle de, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde ba\u015fat bir e\u011fitim kurumu olarak medrese yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n reforma tabi tutulmas\u0131 sonras\u0131nda bu yap\u0131n\u0131n kurumsal uzant\u0131lar\u0131, Yeni Cumhuriyet\u2019e evrilen d\u00f6nemde kendine yer bulabilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Siyasi erk ve \u0130mam-Hatip<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, dini e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, medreselerin ve ard\u0131ndan, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ve bug\u00fcne kadar varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirerek ve de\u011fi\u015ftirerek s\u00fcrd\u00fcren \u0130mam-Hatip okullar\u0131, di\u011fer okul t\u00fcrleri aras\u0131nda kendine \u00f6zel bir yer edinmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bu \u2018\u00f6zel\u2019 yerin, \u00f6ncelikle Yeni Cumhuriyet\u2019in kurucu iradesi taraf\u0131ndan belirlenmi\u015f ba\u011flam\u0131 kadar, ya\u015fanan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmlerin ard\u0131ndan \u00e7e\u015fitli toplumsal kesimlerin talep ve arzular\u0131 do\u011frultusunda elde edilen bir yap\u0131s\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda iki farkl\u0131 alanm\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6z\u00fcken bu durum \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma olarak alg\u0131lanmaya m\u00fcsait oldu\u011fu gibi, geli\u015fmelerin seyrine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ortada bir t\u00fcr diyalog kurma \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131n da oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

Kurucu siyasi iradenin bu alanda ortaya koydu\u011fu \u00e7aba \u015funa tekab\u00fcl etmektedir: Yeni Cumhuriyet\u2019in e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen 1924 tarihli Tevhid-i Tedrisat<\/em> kanunuyla kurumsal yap\u0131s\u0131 sabitlenen imam-hatip okullar\u0131, b\u00f6ylece di\u011fer e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 olarak \u00f6nemli bir yasal dayana\u011fa kavu\u015fmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

De\u011fi\u015fime do\u011fru: D\u0131\u015f ve i\u00e7 fakt\u00f6rlerin etkisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, bu tarihten ba\u015flayarak birka\u00e7 on y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde ya\u015fanan siyasal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmler, s\u00f6z konusu okullar\u0131n geni\u015f e\u011fitim kurumu i\u00e7erisindeki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sonland\u0131rmas\u0131yla, gayet \u00f6nemli bir siyasal ve toplumsal \u00e7eli\u015fkiyi de ortaya koymu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131na do\u011fru yeni ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir de\u011fi\u015fim s\u00fcreci kendini hissettirmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece, kayda de\u011fer bir siyasal ve toplumsal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm zemininin olu\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bu durumun, 1923 ve sonras\u0131nda devlet erki taraf\u0131ndan bask\u0131n bir \u015fekilde g\u00fcndeme getirilen devrimler \u00f6zelinde olu\u015fturulan siyasal yap\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f fakt\u00f6rlerin etkisiyle, bir anlamda kendi i\u00e7inde evrime u\u011framas\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, Yeni Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminin s\u00f6z konusu bu erken d\u00f6neminde egemen olan siyasal s\u00f6ylem ve yap\u0131n\u0131n bir t\u00fcr ge\u00e7icili\u011fi \u015feklinde anla\u015f\u0131lmaya m\u00fcsaitse de, olan biteni Yeni Cumhuriyet\u2019in sadece, kendi i\u00e7 siyasal ve toplumsal dinamikleri ile anlamland\u0131rmak da pek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fckmemektedir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6yle ki, bunun \u00f6tesinde, d\u00f6nemin k\u00fcresel geli\u015fmeleri ve \u00f6zellikle de, 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 olu\u015fan siyasal geli\u015fmeler, ayr\u0131\u015fmalar, kampla\u015fmalar, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 buldu\u011funa vurgu yapmakta yarar var.<\/p>\n

Yeri gelmi\u015fken, bu d\u0131\u015f fakt\u00f6r etkisinin d\u00f6nemi anlamland\u0131rmada pek de hakk\u0131yla ele al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n

Bunda, hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, d\u00f6nemin k\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7leri diyebilece\u011fimiz ulus-devletlerinin ve blokla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye \u00fczerine politikalar\u0131, bu politikalar\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fan ilgili \u00fclke parlamento g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme kay\u0131tlar\u0131, d\u00f6nemin yay\u0131n organlar\u0131 vb. gibi gayet \u00f6nemli bir veri \u00e7oklu\u011funun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar muhtemelen linguistik <\/em>donan\u0131mla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 baz\u0131 nedenlerin bulundu\u011fu ifade edilebilir.<\/p>\n

Merkez-\u00e7evre tan\u0131mlamas\u0131 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu noktada, 1923-1945 aras\u0131 d\u00f6nemin -ki bu d\u00f6nemi de kendi i\u00e7inde alt d\u00f6nemlendirmelerle ele almak gayet \u00f6nemlidir- imam-hatip okullar\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131nda k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan d\u0131\u015flay\u0131c\u0131 siyaset, yeni ulus-devlet nizam\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde yer alan \u00e7e\u015fitli toplumsal kesimlerin, merkez siyasetin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na itilmesinin ya da zaten ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren, bir \u015fekilde bu s\u00fcrecin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutulmu\u015f olmalar\u0131n\u0131n bir izd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcne tekab\u00fcl etmektedir.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu bu d\u0131\u015far\u0131da b\u0131rak\u0131lan toplumsal kesimler, ilerleyen d\u00f6nemlerde baz\u0131 \u00e7evreler taraf\u0131ndan \u015femsiye kavram olarak g\u00fcndeme getirilen \u201cmuhafazak\u00e2r\u201d kavram\u0131 ile tan\u0131mlanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, bu kesimlerin -en az\u0131ndan belirli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn- kendilerini tan\u0131mlarken \u2018M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u2019 kavram\u0131na m\u00fcracaat etmelerinin g\u00fcndemde yer alan bu iki kavram aras\u0131nda, toplumsal ve siyasal ba\u011flam\u0131yla farkl\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n var oldu\u011funa i\u015faret etti\u011fi g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmemelidir.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kavram\u0131n\u0131n muhafazak\u00e2r i\u00e7erisinde yer alabilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilirse de, bu kavram\u0131n Bat\u0131 siyaset bilimi i\u00e7erisindeki yerinden hareketle, s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir boyutta olabilece\u011fini de unutmamak gerekir.<\/p>\n

D\u0131\u015farl\u0131kl\u0131lar ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm talebi<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130mam-hatip okullar\u0131n\u0131n yeniden g\u00fcndeme gelmesinde, yukar\u0131da k\u0131saca dikkat \u00e7ekilen d\u0131\u015f fakt\u00f6r olarak \u00f6zellikle de, 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bitti\u011fi 1945 y\u0131l\u0131 A\u011fustos ay\u0131ndan itibaren Avrupa \u00f6zelinde b\u00f6lgesel ve bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, k\u00fcresel geli\u015fmelerin Tek Parti rejimine konu olan T\u00fcrkiye \u00fczerine do\u011frudan yans\u0131malar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Bu de\u011fi\u015fmelerin, d\u00f6nemin siyaset d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nce 1949 y\u0131l\u0131nda imam-hatip kurslar\u0131 ki, baz\u0131 co\u011frafyalarda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere akla, Kur\u2019an Kurslar\u0131<\/em> veya Kur\u2019an Okullar\u0131<\/em> kavram\u0131n\u0131 getirmektedir- ve ard\u0131ndan, 1951\u2019de okulla\u015fma ile kendine T\u00fcrk toplumunda yeni ve \u00f6nemli bir yer edinme s\u00fcrecine girmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Siyaset d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bu de\u011fi\u015fmenin bir yerinde, 1945\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda Tek Parti iktidar\u0131na konu olan siyasi kurumda ya\u015fanan ayr\u0131\u015fman\u0131n kayda de\u011fer rol\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6yle ki, bu noktada d\u00f6nemin k\u00fcresel ko\u015fullar\u0131 kadar, \u00fclke i\u00e7erisinde -sosyal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve siyasal ba\u011flam\u0131yla- geride b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade edilebilecek toplum kesimlerinin kendilerine ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131yla veya bu kesimin ilgili gizli\/a\u00e7\u0131k muhalefet olu\u015fumuna kendilerini tan\u0131tmalar\u0131yla ortaya, yeni bir toplumsall\u0131k yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve bunun siyasal g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmleri \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu durum, Yeni Cumhuriyet\u2019in modernle\u015ftirmeci toplumsal zeminini olu\u015fturan \u00fcst ve orta s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n \u015fehirlerdeki egemen varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na, zamanla tedrici olarak gerek \u015fehirlerde \u2018geride b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 varsay\u0131lan\u2019 di\u011fer katmanlar\u0131n gerekse, ta\u015fradaki\/k\u0131rsaldaki \u00e7e\u015fitli toplumsal kesimlerin \u00e7\u0131kmakta oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Temelde bu durum, baz\u0131 \u00e7evrelerde bir kar\u015f\u0131 siyasal ak\u0131m\/ba\u011flam olarak alg\u0131lansa da, asl\u0131nda olan biten var olan modernle\u015fmenin s\u00f6z konusu farkl\u0131 kesimlerce payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na do\u011fru at\u0131lan ilk \u00f6rnekleri olmas\u0131yla dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bu durum, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ad\u0131na muhafazak\u00e2r denilen toplum kesimlerinin g\u00f6\u00e7-\u015fehirle\u015fme-e\u011fitim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine paralel olarak merkezle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131, merkeze kendini tan\u0131tmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n yerini s\u00f6zde-diyaloga b\u0131rakmas\u0131 ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm i\u015faretleri olarak iktidar de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ve buna y\u00f6nelen kar\u015f\u0131-s\u00f6ylem birbirini takip eden ve hatta zaman zaman i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7leri olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, \u0130mam-hatip okullar\u0131, s\u00f6z konusu d\u0131\u015flama-tan\u0131tma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin tam da oda\u011f\u0131nda yer alan kurumsal yap\u0131s\u0131yla, gayet \u00f6nemli bir konumda bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 18.05.2022 T\u00fcrk siyasal tarihinde ya\u015fanan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmler, sadece […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4565,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,75],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4564","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gunluk-yazilar","category-sosyoloji-tarih"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4564","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4564"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4564\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4566,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4564\/revisions\/4566"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4565"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4564"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4564"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4564"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}