{"id":4415,"date":"2022-03-01T21:34:06","date_gmt":"2022-03-01T21:34:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=4415"},"modified":"2022-03-01T21:34:06","modified_gmt":"2022-03-01T21:34:06","slug":"28-subat-post-modern-darbesi-anlam-ve-degisim-post-modern-coup-detat-28-february-meaning-and-change","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/28-subat-post-modern-darbesi-anlam-ve-degisim-post-modern-coup-detat-28-february-meaning-and-change\/","title":{"rendered":"28 \u015eubat post-modern darbesi: anlam ve de\u011fi\u015fim \/ post-modern Coup d\u2019etat, 28 February: meaning and change"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 01.03.2022<\/strong><\/p>\n

28 \u015eubat 1997 askeri muht\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7en \u00e7eyrek asr\u0131n, \u201cbize ne \u00f6\u011fretti?\u201d sorusu \u00f6nem arz ediyor.<\/p>\n

Darbe d\u00f6nemin siyasal iktidar\u0131 kadar, bu iktidar\u0131n temsil etti\u011fi ve bu iktidar\u0131 temsil eden toplum kesimlerinin maruz kald\u0131klar\u0131 ma\u011fduriyetlerle yeniden g\u00fcndemde.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, yeni bir y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde konu\u015fanlar yine ve hakl\u0131 olarak, o d\u00f6nemin belirli bir grubunun ma\u011fduriyeti olduklar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclen ki\u015filer ve gruplar \u00fczerinden zuhur ediyor.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fanan \u2018travma\u2019n\u0131n d\u00f6nemin bireyinde, toplumsal grubunda ve b\u00fcnyesinde a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaralar hat\u0131rlamalar\u0131 -belki ya\u015fanan maddi-manevi de\u011fi\u015fim s\u00fcre\u00e7leri nedeniyle hafifletti\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilse de, halen hissedildi\u011fine ku\u015fku yok.<\/p>\n

post-modern<\/em><\/strong>lik <\/strong><\/p>\n

28 \u015eubat\u2019\u0131n bireysel haklar ile kamusal alan ili\u015fkisinde, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmac\u0131 s\u00f6ylemin \u00fclkenin \u00f6nemli kurumlar\u0131ndan biri vas\u0131tas\u0131yla belirlenmesinin, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n 21. y\u00fczy\u0131la d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde belki de, beklenmedik bir geli\u015fme olmas\u0131, bu d\u00f6nemi tam da o y\u0131llarda, sosyal bilimlerde \u00e7ok\u00e7a konu\u015fulan \u2018post-modern<\/em>\u2019 kavram\u0131yla tan\u0131mlamaya yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n

O d\u00f6nem, belirli bir toplum kesimini hedef ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilen bu darbenin ard\u0131ndan, \u201cart\u0131k darbe olmaz\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn yanl\u0131\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131na 15 Temmuz 2016\u2019da tan\u0131k olmak ise, ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na yeni bir travma ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya olundu\u011funu ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda, 28 \u015eubat post-modern darbesinde gizli\/a\u00e7\u0131k rolleri olanlar\u0131n, veriler dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 15 Temmuz\u2019un icrac\u0131lar\u0131 olmalar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki \u00fczerinde akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131lmas\u0131na elverecek boyutlar i\u00e7eriyor.<\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7mi\u015fin modernle\u015fme tecr\u00fcbesi <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2018Belirli bir toplum kesimi\u2019 derken, kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karken, \u2018ni\u00e7in sakall\u0131 erkek de\u011fil?\u2019 sorusunu da sormakta yarar var.<\/p>\n

Belki de bunda, i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ulus-devletin kurulu\u015fu \u00f6ncesinde ve kurulu\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde toplumsal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr y\u00fcz\u00fc olarak kabul edilen ve bu co\u011frafyan\u0131n \u2018has \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019 olmayan aksine, Bat\u0131l\u0131la\u015fma s\u00fcrecinde Bat\u0131 Avrupa \u00fclkelerinden ith\u00e2l edilen \u2019kad\u0131n ve de\u011fi\u015fim\u2019 olgusunun izini ve etkisini g\u00f6rmek gerekir.<\/p>\n

Nihayetinde, 28 \u015eubat post-modern darbesini ortaya koyan kurum, bu kurum ve bu kurumla birlikte hareket eden siyasal\/ideolojik yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n, sadece kad\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc ile de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda erke\u011fin sakal\u0131yla da ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenemez.<\/p>\n

Giri\u015fte dile getirilen \u2018bireysel haklar\u2019 konusuna birka\u00e7 c\u00fcmleyle de\u011finmekte yarar var. Bu ba\u011flam asl\u0131nda, bir kurtulu\u015f re\u00e7etesi \u015feklinde ilgili bireylerin \u00fczerine etiketlenen bir olgu ve bu anlamda bir yan\u0131lsama oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek gerekir.<\/p>\n

Bu gayet tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131k konuda vurgunun \u2018modernle\u015fmenin\u2019 itici kuvvetlerinden biri olan \u2018bireysellik\u2019 ile inan\u00e7 olgusunun, \u2018M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bireye\u2019 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131\/sundu\u011fu imk\u00e2n\/se\u00e7im aras\u0131ndaki dikotomidir.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, darbeye d\u00f6nemi itibar\u0131yla post-modern diyebilecekken, bu darbenin \u00f6nemlice bir alan\u0131nda konu oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen kesimin ise \u2018hen\u00fcz\u2019 post-modern olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 i\u015faret etmek gerekir.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc: anlam ve de\u011fi\u015fim<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu darbe dolay\u0131m\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za, en g\u00f6rsel ve sembolik anlam\u0131yla ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olsa da asl\u0131nda, bu darbenin \u00f6n\u00fcne engel koymak istedi\u011fi ki\u015fi\/grup\/sembol ne M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kad\u0131nla ne de ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcne kadar, ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc konusunda hakl\u0131 olarak s\u00f6ylenegelen ba\u015fta inan\u00e7-merkezli, toplumsal ve siyasal olarak ise savunmac\u0131, reaksiyoner tutumlar\u0131n giderek yerini farkl\u0131 bir anlay\u0131\u015fa terk etmekte oldu\u011funu izlemek gayet manidar.<\/p>\n

Bu izlemeyi, hem \u00f6\u011frenci olarak i\u00e7erden naif bir ki\u015fi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde hem de, \u00f6\u011fretmen\/\u00f6\u011fretim g\u00f6revlisi\/ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 olarak d\u0131\u015fardan bir g\u00f6zlemci s\u0131fat\u0131yla uzun d\u00f6nemli olarak ele almak \u00f6\u011fretici oldu\u011fu kadar, farkl\u0131 zeminlerde farkl\u0131la\u015fan tutum ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131, de\u011ferlerdeki de\u011fi\u015fimleri anlamland\u0131rabilmenin yolunu da a\u00e7\u0131yor(du).<\/p>\n

Bununla kast etti\u011fim husus, 1980\u2019lerin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131 ve 1990\u2019lar boyunca \u00f6zellikle, y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6ren M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u2018ablalar\u0131n\/bac\u0131lar\u0131n\u2019, \u0130slami bilinci, bu bilinci ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc modeline\/anlam\u0131na yans\u0131mas\u0131 ile kendilerine y\u00f6neltilen tepkiler, bug\u00fcn yerini farkl\u0131 bir anlay\u0131\u015fa b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, bug\u00fcn de\u011fi\u015fen ve farkl\u0131la\u015fan neslin, o d\u00f6nem ya\u015fananlar\u0131 anlamas\u0131 i\u00e7in epeyce bir u\u011fra\u015f vermeleri gerekecek. Ya da i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 ko\u015fullardan m\u00fctevellit, kendilerinden b\u00f6ylesi bir zahmete giri\u015fmelerini beklemenin de beyhude oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n

O d\u00f6nemin gen\u00e7 ablalar\u0131 bug\u00fcn birer anne ve baz\u0131lar\u0131 babaanne\/anneanne olarak ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrken, kendi k\u0131zlar\u0131 ve k\u0131z torunlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde yer ald\u0131klar\u0131, ayn\u0131 inan\u00e7 olgusu ile ve bunun pratikte bireysel ve kamusal alanda g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirilen bir unsuru olarak ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc \u00fczerinden edindikleri kimlik\/lerin farkl\u0131la\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir mi?<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, 28 \u015eubat\u2019\u0131n ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc ma\u011fduriyeti ile kurulan paralellik sayesinde ortaya konulmak istenen husus ile bug\u00fcn ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc giymenin\/takman\u0131n \u00e7ok\u00e7a ve yanl\u0131\u015fsa ifade edildi\u011fi \u00fczere, gizli\/a\u00e7\u0131k t\u00fcketimci bir ya\u015fam modelinin dayatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylemle, \u2018bireysel bir tercih mi? Yoksa gayet anlaml\u0131 bir inan\u00e7 \u015fart\u0131\/edeb\/ahl\u00e2k\/haya ile bir b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck arz etti\u011fi varsay\u0131lan ve \u00f6yle olmas\u0131 beklenen tutum-davran\u0131\u015flar \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lacak de\u011ferlendirmelerin, gayet rasyonel temeller \u00fczerinden ortaya konmas\u0131nda yarar var.<\/p>\n

Bu konuyu, ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na ele alacak birka\u00e7 yaz\u0131 dizisi olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmden burada sadece bu kadarla yetinmek istiyorum.<\/p>\n

Nereden nereye!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tabii i\u015f ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc olunca, \u201cAcaba 28 \u015eubat\u2019a nereden geldik?\u201d diye sormak gerekiyor. 28 \u015eubat bir milad yani, d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olmakla birlikte, bunun evvelinde var olan ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\/tecr\u00fcbelerin, benzeri k\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131n ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n da oldu\u011funu unutmamak gerekir.<\/p>\n

Nihayetinde, 28 \u015eubat\u2019a ta\u015f\u0131nan bir tecr\u00fcbeydi ve bir toplumsal de\u011fi\u015fmenin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi zeminlerdi.<\/p>\n

Bununla kastetti\u011fim, 12 Eyl\u00fcl 1980 darbesi sonras\u0131nda, yeni bir evreye a\u00e7\u0131lan T\u00fcrkiye toplumsal \u015fartlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde -k\u0131rdan kente g\u00f6\u00e7, d\u00f6nemin neo-liberal ekonomi ak\u0131m\u0131 ve a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni istihdam alanlar\u0131, a\u011f\u0131r aksak orta-s\u0131n\u0131fla\u015fma e\u011filimleri ve k\u00fcreselle\u015fme, vb. s\u00fcre\u00e7lerle- y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131nda say\u0131lar\u0131 artan ve kendilerini M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kimli\u011fiyle tan\u0131mlayan k\u0131zl\u0131-erkekli bireylerin\/gruplar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131yd\u0131. 1980\u2019ler boyunca ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcyle ilgili tasarruflar, d\u00f6nemin h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerince Y\u00d6K taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen kurallar\u0131n belirleyicili\u011fine tabiydi.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, siville\u015fmenin g\u00f6stergelerinden biri olarak \u00fcniversite \u00f6\u011frencilerinin hak talebinde ortaya koyduklar\u0131 g\u00f6sterileri, \u00e7e\u015fitli sivil ve resmi \u00e7evreler nezdindeki giri\u015fimleri, var olan\/kurulu s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmenin imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 arama \u00e7abas\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7abalar aras\u0131nda, d\u00f6nemin siyasi kuvvesi olan TBMM nezdinde giri\u015fimlerde, \u201chalden anlar\u201d oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen milletvekillerine ziyaretler, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc tabirle s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse bir yumu\u015fak g\u00fc\u00e7 unsuruna denk geliyordu.<\/p>\n

Bu giri\u015fimler \u015fu veya bu \u015fekilde bir tak\u0131m \u2018imtiyazlar\u2019 edinilmesine olanak tan\u0131sa da, 28 \u015eubat\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi haklar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fi gayet g\u00f6receliydi. Ve bu darbe t\u0131pk\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131n verildi\u011fi post-modernde oldu\u011fu gibi haklar\u0131n g\u00f6receli olabilece\u011fini, bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle de\u011fi\u015ftirilmeye matuf bir y\u00f6n\u00fc oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 01.03.2022 28 \u015eubat 1997 askeri muht\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4416,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,75],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4415","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gunluk-yazilar","category-sosyoloji-tarih"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4415","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4415"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4415\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4417,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4415\/revisions\/4417"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4416"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4415"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4415"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4415"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}