{"id":4378,"date":"2022-02-15T22:15:51","date_gmt":"2022-02-15T22:15:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=4378"},"modified":"2022-02-15T22:15:51","modified_gmt":"2022-02-15T22:15:51","slug":"filipinlerde-secim-bangsamoro-muslumanlari-ve-baris-sureci-elections-in-the-philippines-bangsamoro-muslims-and-peace-process","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/filipinlerde-secim-bangsamoro-muslumanlari-ve-baris-sureci-elections-in-the-philippines-bangsamoro-muslims-and-peace-process\/","title":{"rendered":"Filipinler\u2019de se\u00e7im, Bangsamoro M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 ve bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcreci \/ Elections in the Philippines, Bangsamoro Muslims and peace process"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 15.02.2022<\/strong><\/p>\n

9 May\u0131s\u2019ta ba\u015fkanl\u0131k ve senato se\u00e7imlerine gidecek olan Filipinler\u2019de, se\u00e7imin bizatihi kendisi kadar, \u00fclkede az\u0131nl\u0131k konumundaki M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n yak\u0131n ve orta vadede gelece\u011fi de dikkatle izlenmeyi hak ediyor.<\/p>\n

N\u00fcfusun y\u00fczde be\u015f il\u00e2 sekizi aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi varsay\u0131lan, \u00fclkenin g\u00fcneyinde Mindanano, Sulu ve Palawan Adalar\u0131\u2019ndaki \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6lgelerde ya\u015fam s\u00fcren M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Bangsamoro (Moro Halk\u0131<\/em>) halk\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7mekte oldu\u011fu bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcreci, bu se\u00e7im nedeniyle sadece, ulusal siyasi akt\u00f6rler ve kurumlar taraf\u0131ndan de\u011fil, b\u00f6lgesel ve uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7evrelerce de yak\u0131ndan takip edilecek \u00f6nemdedir.<\/p>\n

Ulusal siyasette \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan partilerin ideolojik temellerden epeyce yoksun olmas\u0131, hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, g\u00fcndeme karizmatik ki\u015filikleriyle liderleri \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131yor. Bununla birlikte, modern siyasal tarihin yar\u0131s\u0131na yak\u0131n bir d\u00f6neminde, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n verdikleri ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k m\u00fccadelesinin ard\u0131ndan gelen bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecinin do\u011furdu\u011fu hassasiyet g\u00f6zlerden ka\u00e7m\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkeyi y\u00f6netecek ba\u015fkan\u0131n ve kuraca\u011f\u0131 kabinenin, genel anlamda ulusal politikalar\u0131n etkisi kadar, bunlar\u0131n Bangsamoro bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecine yans\u0131malar\u0131 veya do\u011frudan bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcreciyle ilgili olu\u015fturacaklar\u0131 politikalar, hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, istikrar ortam\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinde ba\u015fat rol oynayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc adaylar, hassas dengeler, olas\u0131 politikalar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Toplam on ba\u015fkan aday aras\u0131nda \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen iki aday\u0131n, se\u00e7imlerde \u015fans\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu belirtmek gerekir.<\/p>\n

Bunlardan ilki, 65 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki \u2018o\u011ful\u2019 Ferdinand Marcos; di\u011feri ise, halen devlet ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olan 56 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Maria Leonor Robredo. Marcos\u2019un merkeziyet\u00e7i ve \u2018eski g\u00fc\u00e7\u2019 yanl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n temsilcisi bir aday; Robredo\u2019nun ise liberal, insan haklar\u0131 ve anayasan\u0131n tavizsiz uygulanmas\u0131 konusunda kararl\u0131 bir aday oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

Marcos ailesinin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn yeniden dirilmesi olarak da yorumlanabilecek Marcos\u2019un adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, \u00fclkenin modern tarihinde olumlu izler b\u0131rakmayan bir d\u00f6nemi akla getiriyor.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer geli\u015fmelerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, \u00f6zellikle 1970\u2019li ve 1980\u2019li y\u0131llarda, Mindanao topraklar\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddet olaylar\u0131 hat\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, merkeziyet\u00e7i \u00e7evrelerin aday\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen Marcos\u2019un ba\u015fkan se\u00e7ilmesi halinde, Bangsamoro bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecine nas\u0131l etkide bulunaca\u011f\u0131 merak konusu.<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan, 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda devlet ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na se\u00e7ilmi\u015f olan Leonor Robredo\u2019nun bug\u00fcne kadar ba\u015fkan Rodrigo Duterte ile \u00f6zellikle, insan haklar\u0131 ihl\u00e2lleri ve hukuk d\u0131\u015f\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131 ba\u011flamlar\u0131nda anla\u015famamas\u0131ndan hareketle, Robredo\u2019nun ba\u015fkanl\u0131k koltu\u011funa oturmas\u0131 halinde son alt\u0131 y\u0131ldaki politikalar\u0131 ciddi anlamda revize edece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

Leonor Robredo\u2019nun \u015fu anki Temsilciler Meclisi\u2019nde g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc siyasi gruplardan d\u00f6rd\u00fcn\u00fcn deste\u011fini alm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, onun ad\u0131na olumlu bir geli\u015fme olarak yorumlanabilir.<\/p>\n

Bangsamoro Bar\u0131\u015f S\u00fcreci<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ulusal politikada ya\u015fanacak de\u011fi\u015fiklik ile birlikte, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumun i\u00e7inde do\u011frudan yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecine dair beklentiler kadar baz\u0131 kayg\u0131lar\u0131n da oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, Bangsamoro bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecine y\u00f6nelik olarak, \u00fc\u00e7 temel tehlikeden bahsedilebili. Bunlardan ilki, ulusal veya merkezi siyasette \u00fclke y\u00f6netimine gelecek ba\u015fta ba\u015fkan olmak \u00fczere kabinenin \u00f6zerk y\u00f6netime dair yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130kincisi ise, Bangsamoro topraklar\u0131nda, say\u0131s\u0131 az da olsa, ana ak\u0131n Moro \u0130slami Kurtulu\u015f Cephesi\u2019nden (Moro Islamic Liberation Front<\/em>-MILF) ayr\u0131\u015fan baz\u0131 gruplar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle, Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki geli\u015fmelerden do\u011frudan etkilenen bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ancak, ses getirebilen yap\u0131lar\u0131n bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecini sabote edebilecekleri ihtimali d\u0131\u015farda b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131yor. Bu noktada, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda Marawi \u015fehrinde ya\u015fananlar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir uyar\u0131c\u0131 etkisi oldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlamakta fayda var.<\/p>\n

Birinci ko\u015fulda, merkezi y\u00f6netim-\u00f6zerk y\u00f6netim aras\u0131nda yak\u0131n i\u015fbirli\u011finin pozitif bir e\u011filimle s\u00fcre\u00e7te i\u015flerlik kazanmas\u0131, bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecinin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan gayet \u00f6nemli. \u0130kinci durumda ise, \u00f6zellikle, MILF y\u00f6netiminin askeri varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, var\u0131lan anla\u015fma \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde zamanla siville\u015firken b\u00f6lgedeki g\u00fcvenlik sorunuyla ba\u015f edilmesi, daha \u00e7ok merkezi y\u00f6netimin g\u00fcvenlik birimlerine b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bu durum, bir yandan yanl\u0131\u015f anlamadan kaynaklanan istenmeyen durumlar kadar, s\u00fcrecin kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak suistimal edilebilirli\u011fi ihtimalini ortaya koyuyor. Ancak, MILF y\u00f6netiminin bug\u00fcne kadar bu konudaki tutumumun ve ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 politikas\u0131n\u0131n devam ettirilmesi halinde bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecinde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fin yakalanabilece\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n

Bu iki temel endi\u015fenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecinin geni\u015f M\u00fcsl\u00fcman topluma ekonomik ve sosyal refah getirmede ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir \u015f\u0131k olarak eklemek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle, bar\u0131\u015f ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecinin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde ekonomik refah\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda gerek merkezi h\u00fck\u00fcmet gerekse \u00f6zerk y\u00f6netimin bug\u00fcne kadar ki \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n yeterli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Bunda, son iki y\u0131ld\u0131r etkili olan kovid-19 engeli, ciddi bir neden olarak g\u00f6sterilebilir.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclemez durum, asl\u0131nda b\u00f6lgenin hassasiyetleri dikkate al\u0131narak sosyo-ekonomik s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin \u00e7ok daha pl\u00e2nl\u0131 ve tutarl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiriyor.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131n\u0131n giri\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131nda dile getirildi\u011fi \u00fczere Bangsamoro bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6lgesel \u00f6nemi dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ba\u015fta ASEAN olmak \u00fczere, \u00f6rne\u011fin Asya Kalk\u0131nma Bankas\u0131, \u0130slam \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Te\u015fkilat\u0131, gibi uluslararas\u0131 yap\u0131lar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, tekil \u00fclkelerin b\u00f6lge halk\u0131n\u0131n sosyo-ekonomik kalk\u0131nmas\u0131 konusunda ciddi ad\u0131mlar atmas\u0131 gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

Ulusal kalk\u0131nma Bangsamoro bar\u0131\u015f\u0131yla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00dclkede, \u00f6zellikle Benigno Aquino d\u00f6neminde ba\u015flat\u0131lan politikalar\u0131n\u0131n etkisiyle, son on y\u0131lda ekonomik kalk\u0131nma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde olumlu geli\u015fmelere konu oldu. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n \u00f6zellikle, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u0131l\u0131na girmi\u015f olan kovid-19 s\u00fcrecindeki ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan gerileme hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemde, yani se\u00e7imin hemen ard\u0131ndan ulusal g\u00fcndem ekonomik refah, istihdam, yat\u0131r\u0131m gibi alanlarda belirginlik kazanacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, sadece ulusal d\u00fczeyde de\u011fil, b\u00f6lgesel bar\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da gayet \u00f6nemli olan Bangsamoro bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecinin b\u00fct\u00fcn siyasi \u00e7evrelerce dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve\/ya al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek abart\u0131 olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Mindanao Bangsamoro \u00d6zerk B\u00f6lgesi (Bangsamoro Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao<\/em>-BARMM) ad\u0131yla 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda ge\u00e7i\u015f h\u00fck\u00fcmeti hayata ge\u00e7irilmesine ra\u011fmen, \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131ll\u0131k d\u00f6nem pl\u00e2nland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir s\u00fcrece konu olmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bunda, kovid-19\u2019un da etkisi g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilememekle birlikte, ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi gibi gayet hassas bir s\u00fcrecin bir \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l daha yani, 2025 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar uzat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131 dikkatli de\u011ferlendirmek gerekir. 80 ki\u015filik b\u00f6lge parlamentosunun y\u00f6netimi Bangsamoro Organik Yasas\u0131 (Bangsamoro Organic Law<\/em>-BOL) taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen yasama s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine konu oluyor.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, benzeri \u00fclkelerde oldu\u011fu gibi ideolojik zeminin kolayl\u0131kla a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fe kayabilece\u011fi ihtimali g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilemez. Merkezi h\u00fck\u00fcmet ile MILF aras\u0131ndaki bar\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinin, 2000\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131na kadar uzand\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bug\u00fcn elde edilen bar\u0131\u015f ortam\u0131n\u0131n devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesi hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, ulusal bar\u0131\u015f ve kalk\u0131nman\u0131n da anahtar\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 15.02.2022 9 May\u0131s\u2019ta ba\u015fkanl\u0131k ve senato se\u00e7imlerine […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4379,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[81,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4378","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-filipinler","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4378","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4378"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4378\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4380,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4378\/revisions\/4380"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4379"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4378"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4378"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4378"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}