{"id":4250,"date":"2021-12-20T22:09:54","date_gmt":"2021-12-20T22:09:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=4250"},"modified":"2021-12-20T22:09:54","modified_gmt":"2021-12-20T22:09:54","slug":"hong-kongda-yeni-donem-demokrasiye-karsi-vatanseverler-yonetimi-a-new-era-in-hong-kong-rule-of-patriots-only-against-democracy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/hong-kongda-yeni-donem-demokrasiye-karsi-vatanseverler-yonetimi-a-new-era-in-hong-kong-rule-of-patriots-only-against-democracy\/","title":{"rendered":"Hong Kong\u2019da yeni d\u00f6nem: demokrasiye kar\u015f\u0131 \u201cvatanseverler\u201d y\u00f6netimi \/ A new era in Hong Kong: rule of patriots-only against democracy"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 20.12.2021<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hong Kong\u2019da hafta sonu yani, 19 Aral\u0131k Pazar g\u00fcn\u00fc yap\u0131lan parlamento se\u00e7imleri, \u2018vatansever\u2019 adaylar\u0131n se\u00e7ilmesiyle sonu\u00e7land\u0131.<\/p>\n

Demokrasi yanl\u0131s\u0131 veya muhalif adaylar\u0131n se\u00e7imlere kat\u0131l\/a\/mad\u0131\u011f\u0131, sadece Pekin yanl\u0131s\u0131 veya bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle \u201cvatansever\u201d adaylar\u0131n kat\u0131lmas\u0131na izin verilen se\u00e7imlere ilgi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu. Kay\u0131tl\u0131 4.5 milyon se\u00e7menin yakla\u015f\u0131k 1.3 yani, y\u00fczde 30\u2019u oy kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, Hong Kong\u2019daki parlamento se\u00e7imleri, uygulama ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 itibar\u0131yla \u015fimdiden tarihi bir geli\u015fme olarak an\u0131lmay\u0131 hak ediyor.<\/p>\n

Bu geli\u015fme, 2010\u2019lu y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren Ada siyasal ya\u015fam\u0131nda giderek art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6steren ve en son 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda dev g\u00f6sterilerle kendini ortaya koyan demokrasi taleplerinin de \u00f6n\u00fcne yasal engellemelerle ge\u00e7ilmesi anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Sadece \u201cvatanseverler\u201d <\/strong><\/p>\n

Yasam\u0131 Konseyi (Legistative Council<\/em>-Legco) ad\u0131yla an\u0131lan, 90 sandalyeli Ada parlamentosu i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan se\u00e7imlere bir aday hari\u00e7 89 ki\u015fi, Ada y\u00f6netimince belirlenen \u201cvatanseverlik\u201d kriterlerine uygun olarak se\u00e7imlere kat\u0131lan adaylar te\u015fkil ediyor.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz May\u0131s ay\u0131nda Ada se\u00e7imlerinde uyulmas\u0131 gereken ve adaylar\u0131n \u201cvatansever\u201d olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirleyecek \u015fekilde \u00f6zel bir heyetin onay\u0131n\u0131 alma zorunlulu\u011fu getirildi\u011fi d\u00fczenleme ilk kez hayata ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

Demokratik partilerin veya ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z adaylar\u0131n se\u00e7ime girmedi\u011fi parlamento se\u00e7imlerinde kazanan adaylar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc -ad\u0131nda \u2018demokrasi\u2019 kelimesi ge\u00e7se de-, Pekin yanl\u0131s\u0131 Demokratik \u0130ttifak (Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong<\/em>-DAB) milletvekilleri olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca, Hong Kong Sendikalar Federasyonu, Yeni Halk\u2019\u0131n Partisi, \u0130\u015f Adamlar\u0131 ve Profesyoneller \u0130ttifak\u0131 da adaylar\u0131yla se\u00e7imde yer alan partiler oldu.<\/p>\n

Bir aday ise, daha \u00f6nce Demokrat partiden milletvekili olan ancak, ya\u015fanan siyasal de\u011fi\u015fimler sonras\u0131nda, \u201corta yol\u201d \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7inde yer alan Tik Chi-yuen oldu.<\/p>\n

Ada siyasal tarihinde bir ilk anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan bu geli\u015fme, \u00f6zerk y\u00f6netimle an\u0131lan Hong Kong\u2019un gelece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da yeni tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 g\u00fcndeme getirecektir.<\/p>\n

\u0130kilem: en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kat\u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 demokrasi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ada\u2019n\u0131n Pekin yanl\u0131s\u0131 valisi Carrie Lam Cheng Yuet-ngor ve ana k\u0131ta \u00c7in\u2019den baz\u0131 \u00fcst d\u00fczey y\u00f6neticiler, \u201cse\u00e7imin demokratik do\u011fas\u0131na\u201d vurgu yaparak y\u00f6neltilen ele\u015ftirileri reddederken, Bat\u0131l\u0131 g\u00f6zlemciler Ada\u2019da \u00f6zerk y\u00f6netimin ve bu ba\u011fl\u0131 demokratik sistemde ya\u015fanan erozyona dikkat \u00e7ekiyorlar.<\/p>\n

\u201cAl\u0131nan se\u00e7im sonucundan memnun oldu\u011funu\u201d belirten Carrie Lam\u2019\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131ndaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ise demokratik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda hayli ilgi \u00e7ekici. Lam, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda ya\u015fananlar\u0131 \u00f6rnek g\u00f6stererek, \u201cPekin yanl\u0131s\u0131 ve kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 gruplar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelmesinin Ada toplumunda demokrasinin geli\u015fmesine bir katk\u0131s\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201dn\u0131 dile getirdi.<\/p>\n

Lam, \u201cvatanseverlik\u201d uygulamas\u0131 ve se\u00e7ime kat\u0131l\u0131m ba\u011flam\u0131nda demokratik pratiklerle ilgili olarak, \u201cd\u00fcnya genelinde uluslararas\u0131 bir standard olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201dna ve \u201cAda demokrasinin \u2018tek \u00fclke iki sistem\u2019 yap\u0131lanmas\u0131na uyun bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine\u201d dikkat \u00e7ekerek geli\u015fmeleri savundu.<\/p>\n

Lam\u2019\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131ndan, Pekin y\u00f6netiminin 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Beyaz Rapor <\/em>ile Ada \u00fczerinde siyasi egemenli\u011fe sahip oldu\u011fu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, b\u00f6ylece kan\u0131tlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

Ada halk\u0131n\u0131n 4.5 milyonunun oy kullanma hakk\u0131na sahip bulunmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Pazar g\u00fcn\u00fc yap\u0131lan se\u00e7imlere sadece, y\u00fczde 30\u2019unu te\u015fkil eden 1.3 milyon ki\u015finin sand\u0131k ba\u015f\u0131na gitmesi, 1997 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana yap\u0131lan se\u00e7imlerde en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kat\u0131l\u0131m anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\n

Demokrasi hareketine darbe<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ada\u2019da bug\u00fcn ya\u015fanmakta olan parlamentonun te\u015fkili ve demokratik kat\u0131l\u0131m konusundaki geli\u015fme hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle \u00fcniversite \u00f6\u011frencilerinin \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ba\u015flayan demokrasi hareketine bir darbe anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Pekin yanl\u0131s\u0131 politikalar, 2010\u2019lu y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren \u00f6zellikle, e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bunun ard\u0131ndan, Ada y\u00f6netiminde en \u00fcst d\u00fczey temsil makam\u0131 olan valili\u011fin do\u011frudan halk oyuyla belirlenece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7irilmemesi \u00fczerine, 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u201cSar\u0131 \u015eemsiye Hareketi\u201dyle kitle g\u00f6sterilerine konu olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda ya\u015fanan dev g\u00f6sterilerin ard\u0131ndan, Pekin y\u00f6netimi 2020 y\u0131l\u0131 Haziran ay\u0131nda, Ada\u2019n\u0131n demokratik gelece\u011fine \u00f6nemli bir darbe anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan, \u201c\u00f6zel ulusal g\u00fcvenlik yasas\u0131\u201d \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, Pekin y\u00f6netiminin do\u011frudan ve dolayl\u0131 bask\u0131s\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelen politikalar\u0131n, giderek Ada\u2019da demokratik temsil alan\u0131n\u0131 etki alt\u0131na almas\u0131yla ve Hong Kong\u2019da demokrasi sorununun uluslararas\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda demokrasi yanl\u0131s\u0131 d\u00f6rt milletvekilinin ihrac\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan bunlara destek amac\u0131yla di\u011fer 15 milletvekilinin istifas\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015fti. \u00d6te yandan, ayn\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7te gen\u00e7 aktivistlere verilen mahkumiyet kararlar\u0131 da, Ada sivil ya\u015fam\u0131nda art\u0131k g\u00f6sterilerin sona erdirilmesi i\u00e7in at\u0131lan \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlar olarak dikkat \u00e7ekmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Se\u00e7imlere getirilen \u2018vatanseverlik( kriteri asl\u0131nda yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekilen, \u201c\u00f6zel ulusal g\u00fcvenlik yasas\u0131\u201dn\u0131n sadece toplant\u0131, g\u00f6steri gibi sivil toplum ya\u015fam\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fta ABD ve \u0130ngiltere olmak \u00fczere Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkeler, Ada\u2019n\u0131n elli y\u0131l boyunca \u00f6zerk y\u00f6netiminin devam\u0131 konusundaki a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Pekin ve Pekin y\u00f6netimine ba\u011fl\u0131 Ada valili\u011fi yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fme bir yana, giderek daha \u00e7ok m\u00fcdahaleci bir y\u00f6nelim sergilemi\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n

Pekin y\u00f6netimince 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan \u201c\u00f6zel g\u00fcvenlik yasas\u0131\u201d ve ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz May\u0131s ay\u0131ndaki Ada demokrasisini do\u011frudan etkileyen \u201cvatanseverlik\u201d ilkesi hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, Ada siyasal ya\u015fam\u0131na m\u00fcdahale etti\u011fi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7evrelere verilmi\u015f bir mesaj niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Yeni d\u00f6nem <\/strong><\/p>\n

Hafta sonu yap\u0131lan se\u00e7imlerin ard\u0131ndan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan tablo, \u201c\u00f6zerk b\u00f6lge\u201d ad\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan Hong Kong ve \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti i\u00e7in bir ilk anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Sadece \u201cvatanseverlerin\u201d se\u00e7imlere kat\u0131lmas\u0131na izin verilen Hong Kong, 1997 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ngiliz s\u00f6m\u00fcrgesinden \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti\u2019ne ge\u00e7mesinden bu yana ya\u015fanan siyasal de\u011fi\u015fimlerin geldi\u011fi yeri g\u00f6stermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6nem arz ediyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130ngiltere ve \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti aras\u0131nda var\u0131lan anla\u015fmaya g\u00f6re elli y\u0131l boyunca yani, 1997-2047 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Ada\u2019n\u0131n \u2018\u00d6zerk B\u00f6lge\u2019 stat\u00fcs\u00fc \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, demokratik haklar\u0131n ve y\u00f6netim bi\u00e7iminin korunmas\u0131 konusundaki temel \u015fart\u0131n ihl\u00e2linin giderek bariz bir h\u00e2l ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

\u00d6yle ki, yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte, demokrasi hareketine destek verdikleri iddias\u0131yla Ada\u2019n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli bas\u0131n organ\u0131 Apply Daily<\/em>\u2019nin ve en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6\u011fretmenler sendikas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n faaliyetlerine son verilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Ada demokrasisinde \u00f6nemli bir siyasal erozyon anlam\u0131na gelen kat\u0131l\u0131m oran\u0131 ve alternatif partiler veya demokrasi yanl\u0131s\u0131 adaylar\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n engellenmesi, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemde Pekin y\u00f6netiminin etkisini giderek daha \u00e7ok hissedilece\u011fi anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor. Bundan bir \u00f6nceki yani, 2016 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki se\u00e7imlere kat\u0131l\u0131m oran\u0131 ise y\u00fczde 58.3 olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Ada\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bekleyen sorunlar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yeni parlamentonun, Ada\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6nemli problemleri olarak belirtilen konut ve ekonomik zorluklar\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131 belirtilirken, baz\u0131 \u00e7evreler Ada\u2019n\u0131n yeniden bilim ve teknoloji merkezi olmas\u0131na, ye\u015fil inisiyatife, farkl\u0131la\u015fan end\u00fcstri alanlar\u0131na vurgu yap\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n

Ada se\u00e7imlerinde do\u011frudan se\u00e7imin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 10 se\u00e7im b\u00f6lgesinden toplam 20 milletvekili belirleniyor. 30 milletvekili \u2018i\u015flevsel\u2019 denilen se\u00e7im b\u00f6lgelerinden, 40 milletvekili ise Se\u00e7im Komisyonu se\u00e7im b\u00f6lgelerinden belirleniyor.<\/p>\n

\u2018\u0130\u015flevsel\u2019 b\u00f6lgeleri \u00f6rne\u011fin, \u2018e\u011fitim\u2019, \u2018sa\u011fl\u0131k\u2019, \u2018i\u015f\u00e7i\u2019, \u2018toplumsal refah\u2019, \u2018muhasebe\u2019, \u2018hukuk\u2019 vb. adlarla \u00e7e\u015fitli ba\u015fl\u0131klarla an\u0131lan se\u00e7im b\u00f6lgelerini i\u00e7eriyor. Se\u00e7im Komisyonu se\u00e7im b\u00f6lgelerinde ise sadece 1448 \u00fcye oy kullan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Pazar g\u00fcn\u00fc yap\u0131lan se\u00e7im sonras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan tablo, Hong Kong\u2019da son on y\u0131lda ya\u015fanan demokrasi yanl\u0131s\u0131 siyasal hareketlerin sonu anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek abart\u0131 olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 20.12.2021 Hong Kong\u2019da hafta sonu yani, 19 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4251,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,38],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4250","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gunluk-yazilar","category-hongkong"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4250","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4250"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4250\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4252,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4250\/revisions\/4252"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4251"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4250"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4250"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4250"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}