{"id":4118,"date":"2021-10-18T09:27:10","date_gmt":"2021-10-18T09:27:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=4118"},"modified":"2021-10-18T09:27:10","modified_gmt":"2021-10-18T09:27:10","slug":"myanmarda-darbenin-surekliligi-tehlikesi-the-danger-of-perpetuation-of-the-coup-in-myanmar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/myanmarda-darbenin-surekliligi-tehlikesi-the-danger-of-perpetuation-of-the-coup-in-myanmar\/","title":{"rendered":"Myanmar\u2019da darbenin s\u00fcreklili\u011fi tehlikesi \/ The danger of perpetuation of the coup in Myanmar"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 18.10.2021<\/strong><\/p>\n

Myanmar\u2019da 1 \u015eubat 2021 tarihinde yap\u0131lan darbenin ard\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan istikrars\u0131zl\u0131k, \u00fclkenin yeni normali haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Aradan ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre zarf\u0131ndan G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya \u00dclkeleri Birli\u011fi\u2019nden (Association of Southeast Asian Nations<\/em>-ASEAN) gelen zay\u0131f tepkilere; Myanmar nezdinde atanan el\u00e7iye ve Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler taraf\u0131ndan darbeci y\u00f6netime yap\u0131lan \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131n bug\u00fcn Myanmar\u2019da sadece, demokrasi ve insan haklar\u0131 de\u011fil, insani durum da gerileme kaydetmesi, ortada olduk\u00e7a kritik bir durumun oldu\u011funa i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n

Neler oldu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nisan ay\u0131n\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda Cakarta\u2019da yap\u0131lan toplant\u0131da, ASEAN ile Myanmar cunta y\u00f6netimi aras\u0131nda 5 maddelik bir anla\u015fmaya var\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve \u00f6zel bir el\u00e7i tayini kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131nda ise, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Genel Konseyi a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f konu\u015fmalar\u0131nda Myanmar\u2019daki geli\u015fmeler, BM \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 \u00f6zel temsilcisi Eamon Gilmore taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fcndeme getirilmi\u015f ve ard\u0131ndan, BM Genel Sekreteri Antonio Guterres, Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131 sonunda Myanmar\u2019da darbenin sadece siyasal haklar\u0131 de\u011fil, \u00fclkede geni\u015f kesimleri etkileyen insani duruma dikkat \u00e7ekmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Guterres, bu konuda BM\u2019nin \u00f6zellikle, ASEAN ile i\u015fbirli\u011fi i\u00e7erisinde oldu\u011funu ifade etse de, bug\u00fcne kadar \u00f6nemli bir geli\u015fme ortaya konulabilmi\u015f de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler yetkililerinin umut vaat etmeyen a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, bu ay\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda Myanmar\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Nya Pya Taw\u2019\u0131n ziyaret etmesi beklenen ASEAN \u00f6zel temsilcisi Erywan Yusof\u2019a izin verilmemesi, gelinen durumu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcm demokrasi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan durumun sorumlular\u0131 aramak ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulunmak istendi\u011finde sadece, darbeci generallerin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131k giderek daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Myanmar\u2019\u0131n bug\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 cunta rejimi, asl\u0131nda ipu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 Arakanl\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara y\u00f6nelik olarak yap\u0131lan zul\u00fcm ve etnik soyk\u0131r\u0131m s\u00fcrecinde ortaya koymaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flayan ve ini\u015fli \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fl\u0131 seyir takip ederek nihayetinde, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fczlerce Arakanl\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u2019\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, 700 bini a\u015fk\u0131n ki\u015finin de s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 ge\u00e7ip Banglade\u015f topraklar\u0131nda m\u00fclteci konumuna gelmesine yol a\u00e7an geli\u015fmelerde d\u00f6nemin Ulusal Demokrasi Birli\u011fi (National League for Democracy<\/em>-NLD) h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin gerekli ad\u0131mlar\u0131 atmamas\u0131 ve uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7evrelerle i\u015fbirli\u011fini geri \u00e7evirmesinin rol\u00fc unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Suu Kyi\u2019nin tepkisizli\u011fine ve ulusal ordu Tatmadaw<\/em>\u2019\u0131n insan haklar\u0131 ihl\u00e2llerine kar\u015f\u0131 korumac\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na, uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7evrelerden baz\u0131 tepkiler gelmi\u015f ve kendisine verilen demokrasi \u00f6d\u00fclleri geri al\u0131nmas\u0131yla, \u201cdemokrasi ikonu\u201d stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc de yitirmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Buna ra\u011fmen, NLD h\u00fck\u00fcmeti geri ad\u0131m atmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, etnik soyk\u0131r\u0131m iddialar\u0131yla ilgili olarak Uluslararas\u0131 Adalet Mahkeme\u2019sindeki davaya Suu Kyi bizzat kat\u0131larak, ortaya koydu\u011fu savunmac\u0131 duru\u015funu uluslararas\u0131 arenada teyit etmi\u015f oldu. Ancak bug\u00fcn gelinen noktada, Suu Kyi ve partisi ayn\u0131 generallerin zulm\u00fcne maruz kalm\u0131\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan, baz\u0131 \u00e7evrelerin dile getirdi\u011fi \u00fczere, Arakanl\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar sorununa kapsaml\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulunabilmesini, Myanmar\u2019da ulusal \u00e7er\u00e7evede insan haklar\u0131 sorununun halledilmesiyle yak\u0131ndan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Bunda hakl\u0131l\u0131k pay\u0131 olmakla birlikte, gayet \u00f6nemli bir eksikli\u011fi de i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Arakanl\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddet ve etnik soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n 2012 y\u0131l\u0131 Haziran ay\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck yo\u011funluklu olarak zulm\u00fcn devam etti\u011fi birka\u00e7 y\u0131l\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, 2015 ve 2017 y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u00fcst d\u00fczey \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7te Karen, Ka\u00e7in, Mon, \u015ean gibi merkezi y\u00f6netimle farkl\u0131 d\u00fczeylerde de olsa \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131 ya\u015fayan etnik yap\u0131lar sessiz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu durum, hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, hem Arakanl\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirilen yok etme politikalar\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131na hem de, demokratikle\u015fmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00fclkenin darbeye maruz kalmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olarak tarihe ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

Darbe sonras\u0131 kaos<\/strong><\/p>\n

Darbeciler \u00fclkenin, b\u0131rak\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgelerindeki zaten \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma halindeki eyaletleri, \u00fclkenin Bamar<\/em> etnik \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yangon gibi eski ba\u015fkent ve \u00fclkenin orta kesimini olu\u015fturan Mandalay b\u00f6lgesinde bile, tam anlam\u0131yla kontrol\u00fc sa\u011flayabildi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek g\u00fc\u00e7.<\/p>\n

Bunda hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, darbe sonras\u0131 kurulan s\u00fcrg\u00fcn h\u00fck\u00fcmeti stat\u00fcs\u00fcndeki Ulusal Birlik H\u00fck\u00fcmeti\u2019nin (National Unity Government<\/em>-NUG) \u015fu veya bu \u015fekilde belirleyicili\u011finden bahsedebiliriz.<\/p>\n

Ancak mevcut durumun tam da, yukar\u0131da dile getirilen kaos ortam\u0131na i\u015faret etti\u011fini vurgulamak gerekir. Hen\u00fcz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck d\u00fczeyde seyretmekle birlikte, ulusal ordu Tatmadaw<\/em> ile NUG\u2019la birlikte hareket eden s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgelerindeki ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 veya otonom hak iddia eden eyaletlerdeki etnik yap\u0131lar aras\u0131nda \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma riski her zamankinden daha fazla.<\/p>\n

En k\u00f6t\u00fc ihtimalle, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck yo\u011funluklu mevcut \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma durumu korunsa bile, yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekildi\u011fi \u00fczere, \u00fclke genelinde ekonomik \u00fcretim ve insani yard\u0131m s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini olumsuz etkileyece\u011fine ku\u015fku yok.<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan, darbeci h\u00fck\u00fcmet yeniden Hollanda\u2019da bulunan \u2018Uluslararas\u0131 Adalet Mahkemesi\u2019 taraf\u0131ndan yeniden incelemeye konu oluyor\u2026<\/p>\n

2015 ve 2017 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Arakanl\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n ya\u015fam s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Rakhine Eyaleti\u2019nde ya\u015fanan \u015fiddet olaylar\u0131nda binlerce ki\u015finin hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesi ve say\u0131s\u0131 700 bini bulan halk\u0131n Banglade\u015f\u2019e s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an geli\u015fmelerin de yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 insan haklar\u0131 ihl\u00e2lleriyle ilgili olarak s\u00fcrg\u00fcn h\u00fck\u00fcmeti NUG\u2019un ba\u015fvurusu bulunuyor. Bu s\u00fcrecin nas\u0131l bir sonu\u00e7lanaca\u011f\u0131 ilerleyen aylarda tan\u0131k olaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

ASEAN ikilemi <\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, Myanmar\u2019daki geli\u015fmeden en \u00e7ok etkilenecek olan, ASEAN i\u00e7erisinde de bir t\u00fcr huzursuzluktan bahsetmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

Myanmar\u2019da ya\u015fanan darbenin ard\u0131ndan, 24 Nisan 2021\u2019de Cakarta\u2019da yap\u0131lan toplant\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, ASEAN ve Myanmar aras\u0131nda 5 maddelik anla\u015fma konusunda bir geli\u015fme s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

ASEAN zirvesine kat\u0131lan darbeci general ve de facto <\/em>devlet ba\u015fkan Min Augn Hlaying yap\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler sonras\u0131nda, \u00f6zel el\u00e7i atanmas\u0131 karar\u0131n\u0131 benimsemi\u015f ve ard\u0131ndan d\u00f6nem ba\u015fkan\u0131 Bruney Sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan Erywan Yusof \u00f6zel el\u00e7i olarak atanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, ASEAN-Myanmar ili\u015fkilerini y\u00f6netmesi beklenen \u00f6zel el\u00e7i ErywanYusof\u2019un ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde yapmas\u0131 beklenen May Pyi Taw ziyareti, darbeci h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan engellendi. Engellemeye neden olarak ise, el\u00e7inin ev hapsinde tutulan d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri eski bakan\u0131 ve de facto<\/em> ba\u015fkan konumundaki Suu Kyi ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme talebi oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n

ASEAN b\u00f6lgesindeki di\u011fer \u00fclkelerde demokratikle\u015fme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin de bu geli\u015fmeden gizli\/a\u00e7\u0131k etkilenebilece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

Demokrasiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n at\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 2010 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren, ba\u015fta ASEAN olmak \u00fczere ve ASEAN\u2019la birlikte kendini d\u00fcnyaya a\u00e7an Myanmar\u2019\u0131n istikrars\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa itilmesi hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, en ba\u015fta ASEAN\u2019\u0131 etkileyecektir.<\/p>\n

Hem ekonomik birlik stat\u00fcs\u00fcne ge\u00e7mi\u015f hem de, b\u00f6lgesel istikrar nedeniyle d\u0131\u015f yat\u0131r\u0131mlara gayet a\u00e7\u0131k ASEAN\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir s\u0131nav s\u00fcrecinde oldu\u011funa ku\u015fku yok. Bu durum, b\u00f6lgenin b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl olarak ekonomik kalk\u0131nmas\u0131na oldu\u011fu kadar, \u00f6rne\u011fin G\u00fcney \u00c7in Denizi gibi \u00c7in\u2019le olan ili\u015fkilerine de sekteye u\u011fratacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 18.10.2021 Myanmar\u2019da 1 \u015eubat 2021 tarihinde yap\u0131lan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4118","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gunluk-yazilar","category-myanmar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4118","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4118"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4118\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4120,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4118\/revisions\/4120"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4118"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4118"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4118"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}