{"id":3972,"date":"2021-08-11T09:58:58","date_gmt":"2021-08-11T09:58:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=3972"},"modified":"2021-08-11T09:58:58","modified_gmt":"2021-08-11T09:58:58","slug":"endonezya-ve-abd-arasinda-stratejik-ortaklik-ve-askeri-isbirligi-yakinlasmasi-indonesia-the-us-strategic-partnership-and-convergence-of-military-ties","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/endonezya-ve-abd-arasinda-stratejik-ortaklik-ve-askeri-isbirligi-yakinlasmasi-indonesia-the-us-strategic-partnership-and-convergence-of-military-ties\/","title":{"rendered":"Endonezya ve ABD aras\u0131nda stratejik ortakl\u0131k ve askeri i\u015fbirli\u011fi yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 \/ Indonesia \u2013 the US strategic partnership and convergence of military ties"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 11.08.2021<\/strong><\/p>\n

Endonezya\u2019da Joko Widodo h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, G\u00fcney \u00c7in Denizi\u2019ndeki mevcut tehdit s\u00fcreci kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, yeni ittifak aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, son ve gayet \u00f6nemli bir geli\u015fme ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz Haziran ay\u0131n\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda g\u00fcndeme geldi.<\/p>\n

Endonezya ve ABD aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan anla\u015fma ile serbest b\u00f6lgenin de bulundu\u011fu Batam Adas\u0131\u2019nda 3.5 milyon Dolar\u2019l\u0131k denizcilik e\u011fitim merkezi alt yap\u0131 in\u015fas\u0131 konusunda anla\u015fmaya var\u0131ld\u0131. Bu merkezle, Endonezya\u2019n\u0131n sahil g\u00fcvenlik kapasitesinin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 hedefleniyor.<\/p>\n

Batam Adas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Singapur\u2019a yirmi kilometre gibi \u00e7ok k\u0131sa bir mesafede bulunmas\u0131, Malaka Bo\u011faz\u0131 ve G\u00fcney \u00c7in Denizi kesi\u015fme noktas\u0131n\u0131n oda\u011f\u0131nda yer almas\u0131, bu anla\u015fmay\u0131 b\u00f6lgede \u00c7in tehdidine kar\u015f\u0131 seyir g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusunda \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131m olarak adland\u0131rmay\u0131 gerektiriyor.<\/p>\n

Yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve hat\u0131rlama <\/strong><\/p>\n

ABD\u2019de Donald Trump d\u00f6neminin b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleriyle bir anlamda \u2018yap\u0131-bozuma\u2019 dayal\u0131 politikalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131 Ekim ay\u0131nda d\u00f6nemin d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakan\u0131 Mike Pompeo giderayak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi Cakarta ziyaretinde askeri talepler ve i\u015fbirli\u011fine Jokowi olumlu bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermemi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Aksine, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00c7in\u2019i izleyecek radar projesi yerine \u00fclkenin ekonomik kalk\u0131nmas\u0131na katk\u0131 yapacak projelere konu\u015flan\u0131lmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fcndeme getirmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Endonezya\u2019da, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerinin (2004-2014) aksine, 2014 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren genelde Bat\u0131, \u00f6zelde ABD ile ili\u015fkilerde h\u0131z kesen ve eksenini \u00c7in\u2019e kayd\u0131rma e\u011filimindeki Jokowi y\u00f6netimi, b\u00f6lgedeki dinamik jeo-politik geli\u015fmeler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ABD ile yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 bir s\u00fcrpriz olarak de\u011ferlendirmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki temel husus<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131da dile getirilen denizcilik alan\u0131ndaki i\u015fbirli\u011fi inisiyatifine iki a\u00e7\u0131dan bakmakta yarar var.<\/p>\n

\u0130lki<\/strong> Jokowi\u2019nin 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda devlet ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 koltu\u011funa oturmas\u0131yla birlikte, denizcilik (maritime<\/em>) konusunu \u00fclkenin ekonomik kalk\u0131nma s\u00fcrecinde kataliz\u00f6r i\u015flevi g\u00f6recek \u2018yeni okyanus politikas\u0131\u2019 ad\u0131yla an\u0131lan bir politikay\u0131 g\u00fcndeme getirmesidir.<\/p>\n

Teritoryal egemenlik s\u00f6ylemini peki\u015ftiren \u00fclkede, sahil g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusunda a\u00e7mazlar ya\u015fanmakla birlikte, o d\u00f6nem, Jokowi\u2019nin askeri i\u015fbirlikleri konusunda bir a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkenin ge\u00e7mi\u015ften bu yana k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir sorunu ve a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 Adalar toplulu\u011fundan olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fal bir yans\u0131mas\u0131 olarak da de\u011ferlendirilebilecek olan, adalararas\u0131 ekonomik farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n giderilmesi, mevcut refah ortam\u0131ndan \u00f6zellikle, \u00fclkenin do\u011fusundaki b\u00f6lgenin de pay almas\u0131 ama\u00e7lan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Bu nedenle, do\u011fu adalar\u0131n\u0131 merkeze ba\u011flayacak \u015fekilde ula\u015f\u0131m, mal tedariki vb. konular ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere \u201cSea Toll<\/em>\u201d ad\u0131 verilen politika t\u00fcm eksikli\u011fine ra\u011fmen uygulamaya ge\u00e7irilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, s\u00f6z konusu bu politika, temelde sivil denizcilik olgusu ve bunun sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 ekonomik kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 akla getirse de, teritoryal egemenli\u011fini tesis edemeyen bir \u00fclkenin bu alanda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 da \u015f\u00fcpheli. Bu durum, zaman zaman g\u00fcndeme geldi\u011fi \u00fczere \u00c7in, Vietnam gibi b\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerinin Endonezya deniz ekonomik s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131nda avlanmas\u0131nda kendini ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130kincisi<\/strong> ise, son d\u00f6nemde \u00c7in\u2019in G\u00fcney \u00c7in Denizi\u2019ndeki teritoryal hak iddialar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik fiziki a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n Endonezya s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na dayanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte bu nedenle, Endonezya h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin ABD ile savunma i\u015fbirli\u011fi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde donanma ve ilintili alanlarda bir a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m ortaya koymas\u0131 ve bu konuda somut bir ad\u0131m atma karar\u0131n\u0131 vermesinde, son d\u00f6nemde ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmelerin etkisi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsenemez. Buna a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da de\u011finece\u011fim\u2026<\/p>\n

G\u00fc\u00e7lenme e\u011filimindeki stratejik ortakl\u0131k<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu anla\u015fmal\u0131, iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda var olan stratejik ortakl\u0131k ba\u011flam\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir geli\u015fme olarak de\u011ferlendirmek gerekir. Temelde, b\u00f6lgenin \u00f6nemli \u00fclkesi ve teritoryal olarak \u00c7in\u2019e yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu anla\u015fmadan olas\u0131 \u00f6ncelikli kazan\u0131m\u0131n Endonezya ile ilgili oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, ABD\u2019nin Asya-Pasifik b\u00f6lgesinde yeniden yap\u0131lanmas\u0131ndan hareketle asl\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00e7\u0131kar ili\u015fkisine dayal\u0131 oldu\u011funa \u015f\u00fcphe yok.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, son geli\u015fme, 24 Ekim 2015 tarihinde imzalanan ve g\u00f6\u00e7 hareketlili\u011fi, denizcilik ekonomisi ve g\u00fcvenlik gibi farkl\u0131 alanlar\u0131 i\u00e7eren \u201cDenizcilik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Mutabakat Zapt\u0131\u201dn\u0131n bir devam\u0131 niteli\u011findedir.<\/p>\n

Endonezya-ABD savunma i\u015fbirli\u011fi konusundaki s\u00f6z konusu geli\u015fmenin haz\u0131rl\u0131k safhas\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz Mart ay\u0131nda Japonya-Endonezya savunma pakt\u0131 anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalanmas\u0131yla g\u00fcndeme geldi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n

Nihayetinde, ABD\u2019nin Asya-Pasifik b\u00f6lgesindeki en \u00f6nemli m\u00fcttefiki ve de \u00c7in\u2019in do\u011frudan hedefi konumundaki Japonya\u2019n\u0131n Endonezya ile bir askeri savunma i\u015fbirli\u011fine y\u00f6nelmesinde, ABD\u2019nin y\u00f6nlendirmesi\/katk\u0131s\u0131\/onay\u0131 olmadan ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi uzak bir ihtimal.<\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7timiz 21 Nisan\u2019da g\u00f6rev halindeki bir denizalt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden Endonezya, 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda al\u0131nan politika kararlar\u0131na da uygun \u015fekilde, donanmas\u0131n\u0131 yenileme\/takviye etme ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 giderek daha fazla hissediyor. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, yukar\u0131da geli\u015fmelerle birlikte de\u011ferlendirilecek \u015fekilde,10 Haziran\u2019da g\u00fcndeme gelen haberler g\u00f6re, Fincantieri <\/em>adl\u0131 bir \u0130talya\u2019n firmas\u0131yla 8 adet f\u0131rkateyn anla\u015fmas\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekilen savunma i\u015fbirli\u011fine dair geli\u015fmenin ard\u0131ndan, Endonezya d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakan\u0131 Retno Marsudi\u2019nin bu ay\u0131n ilk haftas\u0131nda ABD ba\u015fkentine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ziyaret, ASEAN \u00f6zelinden bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Joe Biden y\u00f6netimiyle ili\u015fkilerin geli\u015ftirilmesi konusundaki ciddiyeti ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n

ABD-Endonezya aras\u0131ndaki bu yak\u0131nla\u015fman\u0131n s\u00fcrece\u011fini bekleyebiliriz. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, Endonezya\u2019n\u0131n 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda G-20 toplant\u0131s\u0131na ev sahipli\u011fi yapacak olmas\u0131n\u0131n da getirdi\u011fi bir d\u00f6nemsel kazan\u0131mdan bahsetmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0131 tetikleyicili\u011fi mi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7in\u2019in \u00f6zellikle, 2013 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren giderek agresif bir \u015fekilde G\u00fcney \u00c7in Denizi\u2019nde teritoryal hakimiyet iddialar\u0131n\u0131 belki de ilk kez ciddi anlamda 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda Endonezya\u2019n\u0131n Riau Eyaleti\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 Natuna Adalar\u0131\u2019na do\u011fru geni\u015fletmesi ve askeri ve sivil mobilizasyonu bu b\u00f6lge s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na kadar ortaya koymas\u0131, bug\u00fcn yeni askeri ittifak bloklar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcndeme gelmesine neden oluyor.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu b\u00f6lgenin uluslararas\u0131 deniz ticaretin oda\u011f\u0131nda olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, 2016 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar sadece ASEAN\u2019a \u00fcye d\u00f6rt \u00fclke ile Tayvan\u2019\u0131n hak iddialar\u0131yla g\u00fcndeme gelen G\u00fcney \u00c7in Denizi sorununa, b\u00f6lgenin hem kara hem deniz k\u0131ta sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak en geni\u015f topraklara sahip \u00fclkesi Endonezya\u2019n\u0131n da dahil olmas\u0131, b\u00f6lgede yeni askeri ittifaklar\u0131n geli\u015fmesindeki temel nedeni olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n

Ancak bu durum, ilk akla gelebilecek ihtimal olarak, ASEAN i\u00e7erisinde bir askeri yap\u0131la\u015fma olarak tezah\u00fcr etmiyor. En az\u0131ndan \u015fimdilik b\u00f6yle bir geli\u015fmeden bahsetmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fckm\u00fcyor. Aksine, \u00c7in\u2019in uluslararas\u0131 sularda olu\u015fturdu\u011fu bu tehditten k\u00fcresel bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak Bat\u0131 Pasifik Okyanusu\u2019nda b\u00f6lgesel egemenli\u011fini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek isteyen ABD\u2019nin ad\u0131n\u0131n bu \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda zikredilmeye neden oluyor.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle, bu y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren \u00c7in\u2019in ekonomik modernle\u015fmesine paralel olarak b\u00f6lgenin \u00f6neminin artmas\u0131, ABD taraf\u0131ndan yak\u0131ndan takip edilen bir olgu haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bunda, \u00c7in\u2019in ekonomik modernle\u015fme ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra askeri anlamda da varl\u0131k sergileyece\u011fi sinyalini gayet g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde vermesinin pay\u0131 tabii ki \u00f6nemli.<\/p>\n

Endonezya-ABD aras\u0131nda son birka\u00e7 h\u0131zlanan askeri i\u015fbirli\u011fi s\u00fcrecini bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede de\u011ferlendirmek gerekir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 11.08.2021 Endonezya\u2019da Joko Widodo h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, G\u00fcney \u00c7in […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3973,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3972","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-endonezya","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3972","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3972"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3972\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3974,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3972\/revisions\/3974"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3973"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3972"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3972"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3972"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}