{"id":3616,"date":"2020-12-05T01:41:17","date_gmt":"2020-12-05T01:41:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=3616"},"modified":"2020-12-05T01:41:17","modified_gmt":"2020-12-05T01:41:17","slug":"acede-bir-hareket-ve-lider-44-yilinda-gam-one-movement-and-its-leader-44th-anniversary-of-gam-in-aceh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/acede-bir-hareket-ve-lider-44-yilinda-gam-one-movement-and-its-leader-44th-anniversary-of-gam-in-aceh\/","title":{"rendered":"A\u00e7e\u2019de bir hareket ve lider: 44. y\u0131l\u0131nda GAM \/ One movement and its leader: 44th anniversary of GAM in Aceh"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 04.12.2020<\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u00e7e\u2019de, 1976 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k olgusuyla g\u00fcndeme gelen hareketi nas\u0131l anlamak gerekiyor sorusu, s\u00f6z konusu hareketin kurulu\u015funun 44. y\u0131l\u0131nda yeniden ele al\u0131nmay\u0131 bekliyor.<\/p>\n

Aradan ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda farkl\u0131 evrelerden ge\u00e7en, kadrolar\u0131nda b\u00f6lgenin \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan siyasi elitlerini bar\u0131nd\u0131ran, i\u00e7 tart\u0131\u015fmalara ve ayr\u0131\u015fmalara konu olan, merkezi h\u00fck\u00fcmetle anla\u015fma ve uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7evrelerin bu y\u00f6ndeki arabuluculuklar\u0131na ra\u011fmen varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 devam eden hareket, resmi olarak 2005 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki Helsinki Bar\u0131\u015f Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019yla tarihi bir olguya evrildi.<\/p>\n

A\u00e7e \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Hareketi\u2019nin (Gerakan Aceh Merdeka<\/em>-GAM) ad\u0131 bug\u00fcn kullan\u0131lmaya devam ederken, bunun nostaljik bir yap\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesinde, hangi ba\u011flama tekab\u00fcl etti\u011fi \u00fczerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmeye de\u011fer.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylesi bir yakla\u015f\u0131m, gerek hareketin genel itibar\u0131yla 1976-2005 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131la\u015fan ancak s\u00fcreklilik ta\u015f\u0131yan do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131, gerekse 2005\u2019teki bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131ndan bug\u00fcne yani, 2020\u2019ye kadarki olan d\u00f6nemi kritik etme imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131rken, A\u00e7e\u2019de bundan sonraki s\u00fcrece dair ne t\u00fcr bir rasyonel yap\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n olabilece\u011fi konusunda da bir fikir verecektir.<\/p>\n

1970\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n Endonezyas\u0131\u2019nda ya\u015fanan bir geli\u015fme olarak Hareket\u2019in kurulu\u015funu konu alan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda, \u00fclkenin eyaletlerinden biri olan A\u00e7e\u2019nin, ekonomik anlamda geri kalm\u0131\u015fl\u0131k olgusuyla de\u011ferlendirilmesine dair bir e\u011filim vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Temelde bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, s\u00f6z konusu geri kalm\u0131\u015fl\u0131k olgusunun, Endonezya ulus-devletinin sadece en bat\u0131 ucunda \u2018\u00e7eperde\u2019 kalm\u0131\u015f bir eyaletinin asli sorunu de\u011fildir. Geni\u015f bir co\u011frafyaya yay\u0131lan \u00fclkenin fark\u0131 k\u00f6\u015felerinde hatta merkez denilen b\u00f6lgesinde bile yoksullu\u011fun geni\u015f kitleleri i\u00e7ine ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusu, bug\u00fcn dahi t\u00fcm sarahatiyle kendini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, ekonomik kalk\u0131nman\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da yoklu\u011fu, toplumsal ve siyasal hareketlerin ve bunun do\u011furdu\u011fu de\u011fi\u015fimlerin \u00f6nemli bir nedeni olmakla birlikte, bunun ard\u0131nda yatan daha temel, esasl\u0131 ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir olgu ya da olgular b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, gerek 1970\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131 gerekse bug\u00fcn gelinen noktay\u0131 ve \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki s\u00fcreci anlamland\u0131rmada, hareketin kurucusu unvan\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan Hasan di Tiro\u2019nun neyi ni\u00e7in ve nas\u0131l s\u00f6yledi\u011fi ile ortaya konulabilir.<\/p>\n

Tabii, bu k\u0131sa yaz\u0131n\u0131n amac\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu bu liderin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini, temel gerek\u00e7elerini, tarihi s\u00fcreklili\u011fi nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirdi\u011fini ele almak de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Aksine, bu olguya dikkat \u00e7ekmek suretiyle, bug\u00fcn A\u00e7e\u2019de ve\/ya d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde A\u00e7e\u2019yi konu alan tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ne \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilece\u011fine ya da ne \u015fekilde ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine dair bir \u00f6neri niteli\u011findedir.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, s\u00f6z konusu kurucu fig\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn bir gerilla hareketi lideri, bir toplumun siyasi temsilcisi gibi adland\u0131rmalar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce adam\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u015fayet bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce adam\u0131 ise g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin neler oldu\u011fu konusu \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1970\u2019li y\u0131llardan 2000\u2019lere do\u011fru takip eden s\u00fcre\u00e7te, hareketin liderinin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin bizatihi A\u00e7e\u2019de sarih bir \u015fekilde ele al\u0131n\u0131p de\u011ferlendirilebildi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fckm\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Bunun temel nedeninin, hareketin o d\u00f6nemki aktif yap\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011flanabilece\u011fi gibi, ulus-devletin kendini A\u00e7e\u2019de hissettirme y\u00f6ntemleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, d\u00f6nemin akademisyen ve bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde entellekt\u00fcellerinin bu konuda ad\u0131m atmalar\u0131na mani oldu\u011funa ku\u015fku bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu durumun yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 bo\u015flu\u011fu, baz\u0131 Bat\u0131l\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n ortaya koyduklar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n doldurdu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilse de, bu \u00e7evrelerin bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n, tahmin edilebilece\u011fi gibi b\u00f6lgeyi anlamaktan ziyade gerek teorileri gerekse b\u00f6lge toplumunun tarihsel ve sosyal olgular\u0131na y\u00f6nelik i\u00e7erik analizleri birer zaafiyet unsuru olarak dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, A\u00e7e\u2019de 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n diyelim ki, son otuz y\u0131l\u0131na damgas\u0131n\u0131 vuran akademi ve entellekt\u00fcel \u00e7evrelerin, hareketle ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131z olarak ortaya koyduklar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara g\u00f6z at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bu \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin hareketin kurucu liderinin s\u00f6ylemek istedi\u011fi \u015feyin ve hareketi hayata ge\u00e7irmesine neden olan olgular\u0131n bir toplam\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan, gerek A\u00e7eli, gerekse ulus devlet i\u00e7indeki farkl\u0131 unsurlar ile uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7evreler olsun, \u201cBug\u00fcn ger\u00e7ekten A\u00e7e tart\u0131\u015fma konusu mu?\u201d sorusunu g\u00fcndeme getirenler i\u00e7in ortada tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaya de\u011fer bir sorun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u015f\u00fcphe yok.<\/p>\n

Bu durum bile, s\u00f6z konusu bu \u00e7evreler taraf\u0131ndan, temelde A\u00e7e sorununun kendi i\u00e7 dinamikleri, tarihsel perspektifi, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir toplumsal yap\u0131s\u0131 gibi hususlar\u0131n ne denli g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edildi\u011fini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 04.12.2020 A\u00e7e\u2019de, 1976 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k olgusuyla g\u00fcndeme […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3617,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3616","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ace","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3616","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3616"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3616\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3618,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3616\/revisions\/3618"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3617"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3616"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3616"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3616"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}