{"id":3587,"date":"2020-11-20T21:21:09","date_gmt":"2020-11-20T21:21:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=3587"},"modified":"2020-11-20T21:21:53","modified_gmt":"2020-11-20T21:21:53","slug":"asya-pasifikte-ekonomik-isbirligi-gundemi-economic-cooperation-agenda-in-asia-pacific","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/asya-pasifikte-ekonomik-isbirligi-gundemi-economic-cooperation-agenda-in-asia-pacific\/","title":{"rendered":"Asya-Pasifik\u2019te Ekonomik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi g\u00fcndemi \/ Economic Cooperation Agenda in Asia-Pacific"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 20.11.2020<\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u00fcresel \u00e7apta kovid 19 giderek bir kez daha a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hissettirirken, Asya-Pasifik b\u00f6lgesinde ekonomi merkezli olarak \u00fcst \u00fcste yap\u0131lan toplant\u0131lar dikkatle izlenmeyi gerektiriyor.<\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7en hafta sonu B\u00f6lgesel Kapsaml\u0131 Ekonomik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership<\/em>-RCEP) anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan b\u00f6lgede, d\u00fcn ve bug\u00fcn 21 \u00fcye \u00fclkeli Asya-Pasifik Ekonomik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation<\/em>-APEC) toplant\u0131s\u0131na tan\u0131k olundu.<\/p>\n

ABD\u2019de se\u00e7imin yank\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir ortamda, merkezinde \u00c7in\u2019in bulundu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilecek 15 \u00fcyeli, B\u00f6lgesel Kapsaml\u0131 Ekonomik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership<\/em>-RCEP) anla\u015fmas\u0131, ge\u00e7en hafta 15 Kas\u0131m Pazar g\u00fcn\u00fc at\u0131lan imzalarla hayata ge\u00e7irilmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131m at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcn ve bug\u00fcn ise, Malezya\u2019n\u0131n d\u00f6nem ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 APEC y\u0131ll\u0131k ola\u011fan toplant\u0131s\u0131, 19-20 Kas\u0131m\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Kovid-19 nedeniyle sanal olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen toplant\u0131lar\u0131n ana konusu hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, b\u00f6lgesel ekonomik yap\u0131lanma olurken, \u00f6nemli mesajlar \u00c7in devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u015ei Cinping\u2019den geldi.<\/p>\n

\u015eeffafl\u0131k ve adalet vurgusu <\/strong><\/p>\n

Toplant\u0131lar boyunca liderlerin ortak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, Asya-Pasifik b\u00f6lgesi \u00fcye \u00fclkelerin ticaret ili\u015fkilerinde ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u015feffafl\u0131k, adalet ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilirli\u011fe duyulan ihtiya\u00e7 oldu\u011fu g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte zengin fakir ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n giderek art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi bir ortamda, bu s\u00f6ylemin kapitalist d\u00fcnyada bir ger\u00e7eklik aray\u0131\u015f\u0131na i\u015faret etti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek belki naif bir tutum kabul edilebilir.<\/p>\n

Ancak, 18. y\u00fczy\u0131lda liberal ekonominin s\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc kabul edilen isimlerden olan Adam Smith\u2019in kapitalist sistemin zaaflar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ortaya koydu\u011fu baz\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerileri hat\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, o g\u00fcnden bu yana kapitalizmin bir ekonomi sistemi olarak var olmak bir yana, k\u00fcreselle\u015fmi\u015f olmas\u0131 -di\u011fer fakt\u00f6rler bir yana, yeni geli\u015fmelere adaptasyon kabiliyetiyle a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn de, \u00e7e\u015fitli nedenlerde t\u0131kand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen k\u00fcresel kapitalizmin kendi i\u00e7inde \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yollar\u0131 aramas\u0131 kendi i\u00e7inde bir rasyonaliteye tekab\u00fcl ediyor.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, adaletsizlikler gibi benzeri olumsuzluklar\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p kald\u0131r\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131 ise bir ba\u015fka konu.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekilen s\u00f6z konusu \u015feffafl\u0131k ve adalet vurgusunun bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemi, 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda Endonezya\u2019n\u0131n Bogor \u015fehrinde yap\u0131lan zirvede al\u0131nan 2020 serbest ticaret ve yat\u0131r\u0131m ortam\u0131 hedeflerinin ard\u0131ndan, gelecek d\u00f6nemi belirlemeye matuf yeni bir yap\u0131lanmaya duyulan ihtiya\u00e7t\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, gelecek yirmi y\u0131l\u0131n temel hedeflerini ticaret ve yat\u0131r\u0131m, yenilik\u00e7ilik ve dijitalle\u015fme ile g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve g\u00fcvenli b\u00fcy\u00fcme olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya Ticaret \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc referans kurum<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, APEC toplant\u0131lar\u0131nda yeni d\u00f6nem yap\u0131lanmas\u0131nda, merkezi belirleyici kurum olarak D\u00fcnya Ticaret \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019ne (DT\u00d6) yap\u0131lan at\u0131f \u00f6nemliydi.<\/p>\n

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da de\u011finilece\u011fi \u00fczere, ABD-\u00c7in aras\u0131nda 2016\u2019dan itibaren ba\u015f g\u00f6steren giderek k\u00fcresel etkisi ile dikkat \u00e7eken ticaret sava\u015flar\u0131nda temel arg\u00fcman, taraflar\u0131n kurallar b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fczerinde hareket etmemesiydi.<\/p>\n

ABD vechesinden bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00c7in\u2019in 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fcye kabul edildi\u011fi DT\u00d6 kurallar\u0131n\u0131 ihl\u00e2l etti\u011fi iddias\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn APEC Zirvesi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde DT\u00d6\u2019ye yap\u0131lan atf\u0131n do\u011frudan \u00c7in\u2019i hedef ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenemese de ondan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek te g\u00fc\u00e7.<\/p>\n

\u00d6yle ki, \u00c7in devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u015ei Cinping, \u201ctek kazanan arzusuna y\u00f6nelik siyasi bir hesab\u0131m\u0131z yok, aksine APEC, ortak bir \u015fekilde geli\u015ftirebilece\u011fimiz ve herkesin yarar\u0131na olan bir kalk\u0131nma platformu sa\u011fl\u0131yor\u201d demeci gayet dikkat \u00e7ekiciydi.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcresel ekonominin iki numaral\u0131 ismi olan \u00c7in\u2019in liderinden gelen bu mesaj\u0131n y\u00fcrekleri ferahlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n

APEC \u00f6nemli bir platform<\/strong><\/p>\n

APEC bir b\u00f6lgesel olu\u015fum olarak yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 olmamakla birlikte, \u00fcye \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda ticaret, ve yat\u0131r\u0131m konular\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f al\u0131\u015f veri\u015finde bulunulmas\u0131 ve bir konsensus olu\u015fmas\u0131 ile ikili ve b\u00f6lgesel ekonomik ili\u015fkilerin geli\u015ftirilmesinde \u00f6nemli bir platform sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ku\u015fku bulunmuyor.<\/p>\n

Ev sahibi \u00fclke Malezya ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Muhyiddin Yasin\u2019in a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f konu\u015fmas\u0131ndaki, \u201c\u00f6nceli\u011fin kurallar \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilen, \u00e7ok uluslu ticaret sistemi\u201d oldu\u011fu vurgusu dikkat \u00e7ekiciydi.<\/p>\n

Muhyiddin Yasin\u2019in bu ifadesinde iki noktaya dikkat \u00e7ekmekte yarar var. \u0130lki, d\u00fcne kadar k\u00fcresel g\u00fcndemin en \u00f6nemli maddesi olan, ABD-\u00c7in aras\u0131ndaki ticaret sava\u015flar\u0131na gizli\/a\u00e7\u0131k at\u0131fta bulunmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hat\u0131rlanaca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, kovid-19 \u00f6ncesinde \u00f6zellikle b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleri ekonomileri \u00fczerinde belirsizlikleriyle etkisi g\u00f6r\u00fclen ticaret sava\u015flar\u0131nda temel husus, ABD-\u00c7in aras\u0131nda ticari kriterler konusundaki anla\u015fmazl\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130kincisi ise, ticaretin art\u0131k egemen ve tek tarafl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerce y\u00f6netilmesinden ziyade, \u00e7ok akt\u00f6rl\u00fc\/\u00e7ok katmanl\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu vurgu, ayn\u0131 zamanda b\u00f6lgenin ekonomik olarak kendine yeter ancak, k\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7ler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ittifak yap\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131na ya da ortak konsensuslara ihtiya\u00e7 duyan \u00fclkeleri i\u00e7in bir gereklilik oldu\u011funa ku\u015fku bulunmuyor.<\/p>\n

Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Muhyiddin Yasin, \u201c\u00fcretim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine ve piyasa istikrar\u0131na vurgusu\u201d yukar\u0131da dile getirilen \u00e7ok katmanl\u0131 ili\u015fkiler boyutuyla birlikte de\u011ferlendirmek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede d\u00fcn ve bug\u00fcn yap\u0131lan toplant\u0131lardaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler, b\u00f6lgenin hem kovid-19 s\u00fcrecinde gerileyen \u00fclke ve b\u00f6lge ekonomilerini canland\u0131rmay\u0131, hem de kovid-19 sonras\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ekonomik etkile\u015fime zemin haz\u0131rlamay\u0131 hedefledi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

ABD\u2019nin yoklu\u011funda \u00c7in\u2019den g\u00fcven mesaj\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu noktada, b\u00f6lge ekonomisinin ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu en \u00f6nemli olgu, serbest ticaret kurallar\u0131n\u0131n yeniden olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ile mal ve hizmet ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n

ABD\u2019de ba\u015fkanl\u0131k se\u00e7imi sonras\u0131ndaki sorunlar k\u0131smen devam ederken, b\u00f6ylesi bir ortamda APEC zirvesine damgas\u0131n\u0131 vuran \u00fclkenin \u00c7in oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

Ya da bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, APEC \u00fcyesi \u00fclkelerin k\u00fcresel ekonominin ikinci \u00f6nemli ismi olan \u00c7in\u2019den ba\u015fkan \u015ei Cinping\u2019in APEC kurumsal yap\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131, hem b\u00f6lgesel hem k\u00fcresel olark rahatlatacak a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 beklentisine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle, kovid-19\u2019un etkisini b\u00f6lgede g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7en \u015eubat ay\u0131ndan bu yana ticaret ve yat\u0131r\u0131m alanlar\u0131ndaki gerilemeler, ekonomileri im\u00e2lat sanayi ve d\u0131\u015f ticarete ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 b\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerin \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmac\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi duymak istemedikleri bir ortam\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131na neden oldu.<\/p>\n

Bir yandan y\u0131ll\u0131k b\u00fcy\u00fcme rakamlar\u0131 gerilerken, baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan toplumsal huzursuzluklar ile olas\u0131 toplumsal tepkileri g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00fclke y\u00f6netimlerini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 birbirine yak\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u015ei Cinping bu ortamda serbest piyasa kurallar\u0131n\u0131n olabildi\u011fince geni\u015fletilmesini hedefleyen \u00f6rne\u011fin Singapur, Japonya gibi \u00fclkeler ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere ticari i\u015fbirli\u011finden yarar g\u00f6rebilecek \u00fclkeleri rahatlatacak \u015fekilde, \u201cak\u0131nt\u0131ya k\u00fcrek \u00e7ekmeyeceklerini\u201d s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

\u015ei Cinping\u2019in bu ifadeleri, 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda D\u00fcnya Ticaret \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019ne \u00fcye kabul edilen \u00c7in\u2019in \u00f6zellikle ABD ile ya\u015fanan ticaret sava\u015flar\u0131ndaki tutumunun b\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerinde yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 ekonomik sars\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, liberal ekonominin kurallar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc en az\u0131ndan mevcut ortamda s\u00f6ylem baz\u0131nda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 20.11.2020 K\u00fcresel \u00e7apta kovid 19 giderek bir […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3588,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,6,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3587","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-asya-pasifik","category-gunluk-yazilar","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3587","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3587"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3587\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3589,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3587\/revisions\/3589"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3588"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3587"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3587"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3587"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}