{"id":2868,"date":"2019-05-19T19:09:47","date_gmt":"2019-05-19T19:09:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=2868"},"modified":"2019-05-19T19:09:47","modified_gmt":"2019-05-19T19:09:47","slug":"acede-islam-hukuku-uygulamasi-anakronizm-mi-tarihsel-devamlilik-mi-implimentation-of-islamic-law-in-aceh-anachronism-or-historical-continuity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/acede-islam-hukuku-uygulamasi-anakronizm-mi-tarihsel-devamlilik-mi-implimentation-of-islamic-law-in-aceh-anachronism-or-historical-continuity\/","title":{"rendered":"A\u00e7e\u2019de \u0130slam Hukuku uygulamas\u0131: Anakronizm mi tarihsel devaml\u0131l\u0131k m\u0131? \/ Implimentation of Islamic Law in Aceh: Anachronism or historical continuity?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 19.05.2019<\/strong><\/p>\n

Endonezya Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin 34 eyaletinden biri olan A\u00e7e\u2019de \u0130slam Hukuku uygulamas\u0131, eyalet ve ulusal ba\u011flam\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, d\u00f6nem d\u00f6nem uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7evreler taraf\u0131ndan da takip ediliyor ve bu anlamda \u00e7e\u015fitli haberlere ve akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara konu oluyor.<\/p>\n

\u00d6yle ki, bu eyaletteki \u0130slam Hukuku uygulamalar\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fck haberlerde, tahmin edilebilece\u011fi \u00fczere i\u015fin pop\u00fcler taraflar\u0131 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131larak bir tek cezai uygulama \u00fczerinden yanl\u0131, tarafl\u0131, ger\u00e7e\u011fin \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6rt\u00fcc\u00fc yani, manip\u00fclatif bir \u015fekilde ortaya konuyor.<\/p>\n

Bu tek cezai h\u00fckm\u00fcn dahi, kendi tarihsel ve toplumsal \u00e7er\u00e7evesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131, A\u00e7e toplumunu kendi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir toplumsal yap\u0131 ve tarihsellik \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re ayarlama \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n bir unsuru olarak g\u00f6rmek gerekir.<\/p>\n

Bu ba\u011flamda, dikkat \u00e7ekilmesi gereken husus, A\u00e7e\u2019de \u0130slam Hukuku uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n anakronik bir durum mu arz etti\u011fi, yoksa tarihsel bir devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc m\u00fc oldu\u011funu k\u0131saca tart\u0131\u015fmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

A\u00e7e\u2019de \u0130slam Hukuku uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekilen sorunun a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00f6nem arz eder. Ve ancak bu suretle, eyaletteki \u0130slam Hukuku uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n anakronizm olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bir fikir edinmek ve a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

Kadim-modern dikotomisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, \u00f6ncelikle halen belirleyicili\u011fini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6zlemlenen ve A\u00e7e\u2019deki \u0130slam Hukuku uygulamalar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi ile dikomotik bir ili\u015fki i\u00e7erisinde oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan, \u015fu veya bu ba\u011flamda belirleyicili\u011fi ile dikkat \u00e7eken duruma dair bir izaha gerek var.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z d\u00f6nemin \u00f6zellikleri dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, k\u00fcresel bilgi \u00fcretimini ve da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kontrol eden merkezlerin ve bunlar\u0131n \u00e7eperdeki temsilcilerinin \u00e7e\u015fitli bask\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7leri olu\u015fturmak suretiyle, toplumsal ve siyasal yap\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131 belirleme e\u011filimi i\u00e7erisindedir.<\/p>\n

\n

Bu noktada, Bat\u0131\u2019da ya\u015fanan modernle\u015fme-sek\u00fclerle\u015fme s\u00fcre\u00e7leri; bunun do\u011frudan ve do\u011fal uzant\u0131s\u0131 olarak Bat\u0131 kamp\u00fcslerinde \u00fcretilen teoriler ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlar; Bat\u0131da e\u011fitim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f \u00e7evreler eliyle bu teori ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n yerli topraklara ithali; ad\u0131na Bat\u0131 \u2018medeniyeti\u2019 denilen ortam\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi siyasal y\u00f6netim sistemleri ve ard\u0131ndan s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik ve neo-s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik ba\u011flam\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan hegemonik ili\u015fkiler a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, ad\u0131na evrensel denilen bilgi \u00fcretiminde ve da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131nda \u00f6nemli ara\u00e7lar\u0131 te\u015fkil eder.<\/p>\n

\n

Merkez olarak tel\u00e2kki edilen bu yap\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, s\u00f6m\u00fcrge d\u00f6neminde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ve \u2018s\u00f6m\u00fcrge eti\u011fi\u2019 (colonial ethics<\/em>) olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m -ki bununla s\u00f6m\u00fcrgele\u015ftirilen topraklarda siyasi ve dini elitin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn sergiledi\u011fi i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i eylem ve pratikler anla\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r- boyutunda g\u00fcndeme gelen \u00e7eperdeki uzant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ilk s\u00fcrecin devam\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan organlar olarak i\u015flev g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015fler ve farkl\u0131 akt\u00f6rlerin s\u00fcrece eklemlenmesiyle g\u00f6rmeye devam etmektedirler.<\/p>\n

Bu ba\u011flamda, \u0130slam co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde tan\u0131k olundu\u011fu \u00fczere, A\u00e7e\u2019de de \u00f6zellikle bu y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda ya\u015fanan de\u011fi\u015fimler ba\u011flam\u0131nda son on be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkelerde e\u011fitim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f A\u00e7eli gen\u00e7 akademisyenler yeni d\u00f6nemin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc akt\u00f6rleri olarak \u00f6n alma \u00e7abas\u0131 i\u00e7erisindeler.<\/p>\n

Bu kitle, kendi toplumlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda sahip olduklar\u0131 toplumsal ve tarihsel k\u00f6kenlere dair y\u00fczeysel bilgi ve tecr\u00fcbelerini erozyona u\u011fratacak bir de\u011fi\u015fime konu olmakla kalm\u0131yor, bir t\u00fcr i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde kendi toplumlar\u0131n\u0131 yeni s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci pratiklerle an\u0131labilecek d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine tabi tutma \u00e7abas\u0131 sergiliyorlar.<\/p>\n

\n

Hegemonik yap\u0131lar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi ve birbiriyle \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma temeli \u00fczerinde var olan ideolojilerin, ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak s\u00f6m\u00fcrgele\u015ftirilmi\u015f topraklara ithali ile yeni ulus-devletlerde modern siyasi rejimlerin bir anlamda me\u015fruiyetini sa\u011flayan milliyet\u00e7ilik, sek\u00fcler ve laik devlet nizamlar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirleyici olmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcm bu birbirine eklemlenen s\u00fcreklili\u011fin, belli bir anlam \u00e7er\u00e7evesine oturdu\u011fu da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u00fcresel hegemonik ve sistemik yap\u0131lar ba\u011flam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde, A\u00e7e\u2019de \u0130slam Hukuku uygulamas\u0131 olumsuz bir \u015fekilde alg\u0131lat\u0131lma e\u011filimi sergileniyor. Halbuki s\u00f6z konusu bu uygulamay\u0131 ele alanlar, temelde b\u00f6lge halk\u0131n\u0131n ve co\u011frafyan\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fin kendi siyasal ve toplumsal ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi i\u00e7erisinde do\u011fal (natural<\/em>) bir duruma i\u015faret etti\u011fi \u00fczerinde pek de durmamaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Bu durum, bize tarihte olup bitenleri anlama ve anlamland\u0131rma u\u011fra\u015f\u0131nda bug\u00fcn\u00fcn yerle\u015fik kabul edilen de\u011ferlerinden ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131ndan -ki yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekilen s\u00fcre\u00e7ler noktas\u0131nda son derece hegemonik bir yap\u0131ya tekab\u00fcl etmektedir- ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olabilme gibi bir sorumlulu\u011fu ta\u015f\u0131mam\u0131z gerekti\u011fini de hat\u0131rlatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tarihsel derinlik<\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u00e7e topraklar\u0131nda ya\u015fam s\u00fcren topluluklar\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle \u0130slamla\u015fma s\u00fcreciyle birlikte yeni bir evren ve d\u00fcnya alg\u0131s\u0131 ve prati\u011fini hayata ge\u00e7irmeleri kadar, bu s\u00fcrecin bin y\u0131l\u0131 bulacak \u015fekilde uzun d\u00f6nemli bir yap\u0131la\u015fma sergilemesi b\u00f6lge ve d\u00fcnya tarihi i\u00e7erisinde kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir yere tekab\u00fcl etmektedir.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylesine uzun d\u00f6nemli bir s\u00fcre\u00e7te tedrici olarak geli\u015fmesi, siyasi ve toplumsal yap\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 birbirine eklemlenen s\u00fcre\u00e7lerle tamamlamas\u0131, bu co\u011frafyada bug\u00fcn \u0130slam Hukuku\u2019nun uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n me\u015fruiyet zeminini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu tarihsel ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel s\u00fcreklilik kendini siyasi ve dini elit ile geni\u015f halk kitlelerinin talebiyle uygulama imk\u00e2n\u0131 bularak pratik bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011fa tekab\u00fcl etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Me\u015fruiyet zemini<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekilen uzun d\u00f6nemin bir has\u0131l\u0131 olarak Endonezya Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 sek\u00fcler ilkeler vb. hususlar dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, baz\u0131 \u00e7evreler A\u00e7e\u2019de uygulanan \u0130slam Hukuku uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n anakronik bir duruma tekab\u00fcl etti\u011fi iddia edebilir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan, A\u00e7e\u2019nin yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekilen s\u00fcrecin b\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7e bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde kendinde, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve \u00fcretimsel bir siyasal, sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve dini yap\u0131la\u015fmaya konu oldu\u011funa dair elimizde kayda de\u011fer tarihsel veriler bulunuyor. Bu durum, A\u00e7e\u2019de uygulama imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulan \u0130slam Hukukun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel alt yap\u0131s\u0131 ve fiili olarak ortaya konulmas\u0131nda me\u015fruiyet zeminin olu\u015fturmas\u0131yla \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, -yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekildi\u011fi \u00fczere- farkl\u0131l\u0131klar ta\u015f\u0131makla birlikte, birbirini takip eden eklemli yap\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yan uzun tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7 g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmemelidir. Bu uzun tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7 bizi, A\u00e7e ile Endonezya Cumhuriyeti ve\/ya bu siyasi yap\u0131n\u0131n merkezini te\u015fkil eden g\u00fc\u00e7 yap\u0131s\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00f6nemine ku\u015fku olmayan bir farkl\u0131la\u015fma oldu\u011funa g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

A\u00e7e\u2019de \u0130slam Hukuku uygulamas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik i\u00e7erden ve d\u0131\u015fardan medyan\u0131n, siyasal ve akademik \u00e7evrelerin derinlikten uzak yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 bu co\u011frafyada uzun bir tarihsel birikim ve tecr\u00fcbe ile olu\u015fmu\u015f toplumsal yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerini g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etme gibi bir indirgemecilikle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, d\u00f6n\u00fcn s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik s\u00fcre\u00e7leri kadar -kimilerince a\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylense de- bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 k\u00f6\u015felerindeki uygulamalar dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda halen varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ku\u015fku olmayan yeni s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci e\u011filimler ve pratikler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda A\u00e7e\u2019de tarihsel ve toplumsal s\u00fcrekliliklere i\u015faret edecek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ihtiya\u00e7 bulunuyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 19.05.2019 Endonezya Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin 34 eyaletinden biri olan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2869,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2868","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ace","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2868","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2868"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2868\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2870,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2868\/revisions\/2870"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2869"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2868"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2868"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2868"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}