{"id":2628,"date":"2018-11-02T16:43:15","date_gmt":"2018-11-02T16:43:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=2628"},"modified":"2018-11-02T19:07:48","modified_gmt":"2018-11-02T19:07:48","slug":"pakistanda-gelismeler-ve-asya-pasifik-politikalari-development-in-pakistan-and-asia-pacific-policies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/pakistanda-gelismeler-ve-asya-pasifik-politikalari-development-in-pakistan-and-asia-pacific-policies\/","title":{"rendered":"Pakistan\u2019da geli\u015fmeler ve Asya-Pasifik politikalar\u0131 \/ Development in Pakistan and Asia-Pacific Policies"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a002.11.2018<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pakistan\u2019da ge\u00e7en temmuz ay\u0131nda yap\u0131lan genel se\u00e7imler sonunda \u2018Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf<\/em>\u2019 (PTI) partisinin zaferi, uzun s\u00fcredir ulusal d\u00fczeyde ba\u015far\u0131 bekleyen \u0130mran Khan\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k koltu\u011funa oturmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. \u00dclkede ya\u015fanan siyasal de\u011fi\u015fim, k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede b\u00f6lgesel ve uluslararas\u0131 ilgilendiren bir boyuta ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlemleniyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130mran Khan, ge\u00e7en A\u011fustos ay\u0131nda, \u00fclke tarihinin en olumsuz ekonomik ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 \u00fclkeyi Uluslararas\u0131 Para Fonu (IMF) ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya getirdi\u011finin en a\u00e7\u0131k i\u015faretiydi. Bu ba\u011flamda, yeni h\u00fck\u00fcmet IMF teslim olmaman\u0131n yollar\u0131n\u0131 ararken, bulunan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131 salt ekonomik ba\u011flam\u0131 ile de\u011fil, k\u00fcresel siyasal ili\u015fkileri de etkileme potansiyeli ile dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. Bu hususa a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da de\u011finece\u011fim.<\/p>\n

Yeni Pakistan Eski Pakistan\u2019dan nas\u0131l ayr\u0131\u015facak<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu siyasi de\u011fi\u015fim, \u00fclkede Yeni Pakistan d\u00f6nemi olarak an\u0131l\u0131rken, yenilik sadece bununla da s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fil. \u00dclke modern tarihinin en \u00f6nemli ekonomik dar bo\u011faz\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015farken, IMF\u2019e en az muhta\u00e7 olman\u0131n ve bu ba\u011flamda alternatif bor\u00e7lanma yollar\u0131 araman\u0131n pe\u015finde. Bunun nedeni ise, \u0130mran Khan y\u00f6netiminin, IMF yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ABD\u2019nin n\u00fcfuzunu maruz kalmamak.<\/p>\n

Yeni Pakistan y\u00f6netimi ekonomik darbo\u011faz\u0131 a\u015fma ad\u0131na bir yandan Suudi Arabistan\u2019a, \u00f6te yandan \u00c7in\u2019e yana\u015farak sadece ekonomik ili\u015fkilerde Bat\u0131 ile aras\u0131na mesafe koymakla kalm\u0131yor. Pakistan y\u00f6netimi bu giri\u015fimleri, bunun da \u00f6tesinde, \u00e7e\u015fitli ba\u011flamlarda b\u00f6lgesel ve k\u00fcresel siyasal yap\u0131la\u015fmalara konu olacak geli\u015fmeler olarak okunmay\u0131 hak ediyor.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Yolsuzluk temel sorun <\/strong><\/p>\n

Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131ktan bu yana askeri rejimlere konu olmakla kalmam\u0131\u015f, ayn\u0131 zamanda ordunun sivil siyasal rejimler d\u00f6neminde de \u00f6nemli bir g\u00fc\u00e7 merkezi olarak etkin olmas\u0131 \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu bu \u00fclkede \u00e7eli\u015fkileri de beraberinde getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Sahip oldu\u011fu n\u00fckleer g\u00fcce ra\u011fmen, istikrarl\u0131 ekonomik kalk\u0131nmay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek bir yana, \u00f6zellikle kamu sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki yolsuzluklarla geni\u015f toplum kesimlerinin ma\u011fduriyetine konu olmu\u015ftur. \u00d6yle ki, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131 k\u00fcresel yolsuzluk s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda 180 \u00fclke aras\u0131nda 117. s\u0131radayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan, Pakistan ve kom\u015fusu Hindistan aras\u0131nda bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bar\u0131\u015f ortam\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanamam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131; Afganistan\u2019da ya\u015fananlar ve \u00e7e\u015fitli silahl\u0131 gruplar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131lanmalar\u0131n\u0131n Pakistan \u00fczerinde do\u011frudan ve dolayl\u0131 uzan\u0131mlar\u0131na neden olurken bu geli\u015fmeler g\u00fcvenlik ve anar\u015fi gibi siyasi y\u00f6netim ve geni\u015f kesimlerin g\u00fcndelik ya\u015famlar\u0131na etkisi ile dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n

Ekonomi y\u00f6netimi ve siyasal \u00e7e\u015fitlilik<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pakistan\u2019\u0131n i\u015fte bug\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ekonomik sorunun, yukar\u0131da zikredilen sorunlar\u0131n birle\u015fiminin bir ifadesi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenemez. \u00dclkede \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi burnunda iktidar bu s\u00fcreci nas\u0131l y\u00f6netece\u011fi merak konusu.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fbakan \u0130mran Khan\u2019\u0131n \u00fclkenin k\u00fcresel ekonomi y\u00f6netimi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ekonomik ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 en az\u0131ndan bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde koruyabilmesi i\u00e7in ilk yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ziyaretini Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131nda Suudi Arabistan\u2019a yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu ziyaretin en \u00f6nemli y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc Suud y\u00f6netiminden talep edilen ekonomik yard\u0131m olu\u015fturuyordu. Taraflar aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerin ard\u0131ndan Pakistan alt\u0131 milyar dolarl\u0131k ekonomik yard\u0131m almay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in ziyareti nelere gebe?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130mran Khan\u2019\u0131n bug\u00fcn ba\u015flayan \u00c7in ziyareti i\u015fte b\u00f6ylesi \u00f6nemli bir d\u00f6nemde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor. \u0130ki \u00fclkenin birbirine yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 daha \u00f6nce \u00c7in\u2019in \u201cTek Yol Tek Ku\u015fak<\/a>\u201d projesinde ortaya konmu\u015ftu. \u00c7in y\u00f6netimi, \u2018kara ipek yolu\u2019 olarak da bilinen bu proje ile \u00fclkenin bat\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 Pakistan\u2019\u0131n Hint Okyanusu\u2019na a\u00e7\u0131lan Gwadar liman\u0131na ba\u011flamay\u0131 hedefliyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130mran Khan\u2019\u0131n Pekin ziyaretine ra\u011fmen, yukar\u0131da zikredilen 62 milyar dolarl\u0131k kalk\u0131nma projesinin, yeni h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan 50 milyar dolara indirilmesi karar\u0131 bir \u00e7eli\u015fki olarak yorumlanabilir. Bir ba\u015fka \u00e7eli\u015fki ise, sab\u0131k ba\u015fbakan Nawaz \u015eerif d\u00f6neminde yani ge\u00e7en y\u0131l benzer bir gerek\u00e7e ile \u00c7in\u2019den 6 milyar dolar bor\u00e7 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130mran Khan\u2019\u0131n bug\u00fcn \u00c7in\u2019e ziyareti ya\u015fanan ekonomik darbo\u011faz\u0131n atlat\u0131lmas\u0131nda Pakistan\u2019\u0131n \u00c7in\u2019e ne denli ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorusunu da g\u00fcndeme getirmektedir.<\/p>\n

Pakistan k\u00fcresel akt\u00f6rlerin m\u00fccadele sahas\u0131 m\u0131? <\/strong><\/p>\n

Pakistan\u2019da ya\u015fanan ekonomik iflas\u0131n bu \u00fclke y\u00f6netimince hal yoluna konulma \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6lgesel ve k\u00fcresel ili\u015fkilerde yeni yap\u0131la\u015fmalar yol a\u00e7mas\u0131 beklenebilir.<\/p>\n

Bu anlamda, Pakistan niyetlenilmemi\u015f bir politikan\u0131n neticesi olarak, bir yandan ABD-Hindistan blo\u011fu, \u00f6te yandan \u00c7in aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecek bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n merkezi haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir. \u00d6te yandan, Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n Pakistan\u2019da \u00f6zellikle de \u0130ran s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 b\u00f6lgesindeki enerji sahalar\u0131ndaki yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n ve buna il\u00e2ve olarak K\u00f6rfez\u2019deki Arap emirliklerinin mali deste\u011fi \u0130ran taraf\u0131ndan nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirilece\u011fi de bir ba\u015fka konu.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Pakistan-\u00c7in aras\u0131nda yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekilen yak\u0131nla\u015fma, ekonomik bir birliktelik olarak dikkat \u00e7ekse de, bunun \u00f6tesinde bir anlam ta\u015f\u0131yor. Bu ba\u011flamda, iki \u00fclkenin siyasal anla\u015fmazl\u0131klara konu olan Hindistan kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki daha da yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu.<\/p>\n

Pakistan-\u00c7in yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131, \u00c7in\u2019in Hint Okyanusu\u2019nda giderek daha etkin bir rol almakta oldu\u011funa i\u015faret ediyor. \u00d6yle ki, \u00c7in bug\u00fcne kadar Do\u011fu Afrika\u2019da Cibuti\u2019de ve Sri Lanka\u2019da Hambantota liman i\u015fletmesinin ard\u0131ndan Pakistan\u2019\u0131n Gwatar liman\u0131ndaki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sadece Hindistan i\u00e7in de\u011fil, ABD i\u00e7in de yeni bir rekabet ortam\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fmakta oldu\u011funa ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n

Burada dikkat \u00e7ekilmesi gereken husus Pakistan\u2019\u0131n \u00c7in\u2019le yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 sadece Pakistan-Hindistan ili\u015fkilerindeki y\u00fczy\u0131ll\u0131k gerginlikten do\u011fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Elbette ki, bunun geni\u015f Asya-Pasifik i\u00e7erisinde yer alan Hint Okyanusu-Bat\u0131 Asya ve k\u0131smen Orta Asya b\u00f6lgesinde g\u00fc\u00e7 ili\u015fkilerindeki yeri yads\u0131namaz.<\/p>\n

Pakistan \u00fczerinden yeni k\u00fcresel yap\u0131la\u015fmalar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, Pakistan\u2019\u0131n ekonomik dar bo\u011faz\u0131 ve buna temel te\u015fkil eden sosyo-politik b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve b\u00f6lgesel\/k\u00fcresel ter\u00f6r yap\u0131lanmalar\u0131n\u0131n tam da oda\u011f\u0131nda bulunmas\u0131 gibi nedenler, birbirleriyle rakip konumdaki g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc akt\u00f6rlerle birlikte ve yanyana olmas\u0131na neden oluyor. Bu geli\u015fme, Pakistan\u2019\u0131 arzu etti\u011fi istikrarl\u0131 bir siyasal ve ekonomik y\u00f6netime kavu\u015fturup kavu\u015fturmayaca\u011f\u0131 ise merak konusu.<\/p>\n

Bir Bat\u0131 Asya \u00fclkesi olan Pakistan\u2019da ya\u015fananlar \u00c7in\u2019den Hindistan\u2019a kadar ve oradan Arap Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019na kadar geni\u015f Asya-Pasifik co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131 etkileyecek geli\u015fmelere neden oluyor. Pakistan\u2019da yeni d\u00f6nemin hemen ba\u015flar\u0131nda \u0130mran Khan h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin ekonomiyi ray\u0131na oturtma \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fclke halk\u0131n\u0131n refah\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flama gibi bir amac\u0131 kadar, bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda k\u00fcresel ili\u015fkilerin \u015fekillenmesini sa\u011flayan bir vechesi bulunuyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a002.11.2018 Pakistan\u2019da ge\u00e7en temmuz ay\u0131nda yap\u0131lan genel se\u00e7imler sonunda […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2629,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,6],"tags":[77],"class_list":["post-2628","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-asya-pasifik","category-gunluk-yazilar","tag-thenational-ae"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2628","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2628"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2628\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2632,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2628\/revisions\/2632"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2629"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2628"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2628"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2628"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}