{"id":2540,"date":"2018-09-27T16:17:37","date_gmt":"2018-09-27T16:17:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=2540"},"modified":"2018-09-28T19:33:26","modified_gmt":"2018-09-28T19:33:26","slug":"endonezyada-dindar-baskan-a-religious-president-in-indonesia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/endonezyada-dindar-baskan-a-religious-president-in-indonesia\/","title":{"rendered":"Endonezya\u2019da Dindar Ba\u015fkan (!) \/ A Religious President in Indonesia (!)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 27.09.2018<\/strong><\/p>\n

Endonezya\u2019da devlet ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imleri s\u00fcrecine girilmi\u015fken, baz\u0131 anketler de kamuoyuyla payla\u015f\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Hen\u00fcz yeni yay\u0131nlanan ve dindarl\u0131k eksenli olan ankette ba\u015fkan adaylar\u0131ndan ve mevcut ba\u015fkan Joko Widodo\u2019nun (Jokowi) rakibi Prabowo Subianto\u2018ya g\u00f6re daha dindar oldu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015f. Haberin ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrken, tebess\u00fcm etmekten kendimi alamad\u0131m. Bunun nedeni, \u00f6zellikle son \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131ld\u0131r ba\u015fkent Cakarta merkezli y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen dini-siyasi hareketlerin geldi\u011fi nokta ile bu s\u00fcrecin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de b\u00f6lgeyi izledi\u011fi intiba\u0131 veren medya \u00e7evrelerinin olan biteni anlamaktan uzak yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlamamdan kaynaklan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Anketten dindar ba\u015fkan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fin bu y\u00f6n\u00fc bir yana, kamuoyu yoklamalar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan istatistiki y\u00f6ntemlerin s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 ve k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 ile manip\u00fclasyona a\u00e7\u0131k y\u00f6nlerini de g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmeden yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada deneklerin y\u00fczde 76\u2019s\u0131 Jokowi\u2019nin bireysel dindarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda olumlu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f beyan ederken, ba\u015fkanl\u0131k yar\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki rakibi konumundaki Prabowo\u2019nun ise y\u00fczde 58\u2019lik kesim taraf\u0131ndan dindar bulundu\u011fu belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmada ayn\u0131 zamanda ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in de bir de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Buna g\u00f6re, Jokowi\u2019nin yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olarak se\u00e7ime girecek olan Alimler \u0130ttifak\u2019\u0131 (NU) \u00f6nemli liderlerinden Ma\u2019ruf Amin Hoca y\u00fczde 82; Prabowo\u2019nun yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131, \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi burnunda politikac\u0131 Sandiago Uno ise y\u00fczde 63 ile dindar bulunmu\u015f.<\/p>\n

Bu sonu\u00e7 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, Endonezya\u2019da kimi \u00e7evrelerde bir s\u00fcredir kulaktan kula\u011fa yay\u0131lan \u2018Ba\u015fkan\u2019\u0131n kom\u00fcnizmi destekledi\u011fi\u2019 tarz\u0131ndaki s\u00f6ylem dikkate al\u0131nacak olursa, kamuoyu yoklamas\u0131n\u0131n bir manip\u00fclasyon olabilece\u011fi ve 2019 May\u0131s\u2019\u0131ndaki se\u00e7imlerde \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7maya y\u00f6nelik bir medya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 kabul edilerek \u00e7\u00f6pe at\u0131labilir. Bu t\u00fcr d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen birey ve gruplar i\u00e7in ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6pe at\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirecek bir ba\u015fka bahane ise, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da da k\u0131saca de\u011finece\u011fim \u00fczere, Prabowo Subianto\u2019nun \u2018\u0130slam\u2019 yanl\u0131s\u0131 bir politika izlemesi nedeniyle, Jokowi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda daha zay\u0131f bir performansla etiketlenmesidir. Ancak bu kamuoyu yoklamas\u0131n\u0131n akla getirdi\u011fi baz\u0131 hususlar da tart\u0131\u015fmaya kat\u0131labilir\u2026<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan, Jokowi\u2019nin bireysel dindarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olup olmamas\u0131n\u0131n elbette ki, \u00fclke siyasal ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 takip eden kamuoyu taraf\u0131ndan dikkate al\u0131nabilir bir y\u00f6n\u00fc olacakt\u0131r. Kald\u0131 ki, Ba\u015fkan, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131l yap\u0131lacak se\u00e7imler i\u00e7in uzun bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme s\u00fcrecinin ard\u0131ndan \u2018sek\u00fcler\u2019 \u015fahsiyetli anayasa mahkemesi eski ba\u015fkanlar\u0131ndan birini mi yoksa, \u2018alim-m\u00fcmtaz\u2019 bir \u015fahsiyet olan dini liderlerden birini mi se\u00e7ece\u011fi konusundaki karar\u0131n\u0131 ikincisi lehine kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu geli\u015fmeyi ele alan yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, Jokowi\u2019nin stratejik bir hamle ile ba\u015fkanl\u0131k yar\u0131\u015f\u0131nda rakibinin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mekle kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hatta se\u00e7imi \u015fimdiden kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k-gizli ifade etmi\u015ftim.<\/p>\n

\u0130slam radikalizmi mi, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Ba\u015fkan m\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2018\u0130slami radikalizmin\u2019 b\u00f6lgede giderek y\u00fckselme e\u011filiminde oldu\u011fu iddialar\u0131n\u0131n tam da ortas\u0131nda, Endonezya gibi kahir ekseriyeti M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan bir \u00fclkede halen devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 olan ve yeni yap\u0131lacak se\u00e7imde de aday olan bir siyaset\u00e7inin \u2018M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u2019 kimli\u011fiyle \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 \u00fczerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesi gereken bir durum. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmada deneklere de soruldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan bir konu yani dini cemaatlere\/kurumlara y\u00f6nelik ilgi, al\u00e2ka ve bunun pratik yans\u0131mas\u0131 olarak bukurumlara ve liderlerine y\u00f6nelik ziyaretler ve toplant\u0131lara Ba\u015fkan Jokowi\u2019nin son d\u00f6nemde giderek daha \u00e7ok e\u011filim g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Bu ziyaretlere dikkat \u00e7ekilerek, bu geli\u015fmeyi Jokowi\u2019nin dindarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na yorumlamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayabilir de. Ancak \u00fclke toplumsal ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi \u00fczerinden meseleye bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Ba\u015fkan Jokowi\u2019nin g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edemeyece\u011fi bir dini-toplumsal hareketlili\u011fin var oldu\u011fu, toplumsal ayr\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 k\u00f6r\u00fckleyecek bir t\u00fcr farkl\u0131la\u015fma e\u011filimi g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi ve bunun kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda siyasi bir refleks verdi\u011fi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

Bu ba\u011flamda, \u00f6zellikle 2016 Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131ndan itibaren \u00fclke ba\u015fkentini saran, giderek di\u011fer \u015fehirlere yay\u0131lma e\u011filimi g\u00f6steren ve ba\u015f\u0131nda baz\u0131 \u2018hocalar\u0131n\u2019 ve siyaset\u00e7ilerin bulundu\u011fu dini-toplumsal tepkiler i\u00e7eren geli\u015fme kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Jokowi\u2019nin yeni bir siyaset bi\u00e7imi geli\u015ftirdi\u011fine ku\u015fku yok. Bu nedenledir ki, ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar s\u00fcrecinde sek\u00fcler kimli\u011fiyle \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan adaylar m\u0131, yoksa ad\u0131na \u0130slamc\u0131 denilmesinin ne kadar uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fma g\u00f6t\u00fcren- bir Hoca\u2019m\u0131 \u015f\u0131klar\u0131ndan ba\u015fkan\u0131n ikincisi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde karar verdi\u011fi ortada.<\/p>\n

Ancak yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekti\u011fim kamuoyu yoklamas\u0131nda \u00f6rne\u011fin ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Ma\u2019ruf Amin Hocay\u0131<\/a> en az\u0131ndan baz\u0131 \u00f6zellikleriyle \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karmak yerine, ba\u015fkan\u0131n bizzat kendisinin dinle yani \u0130slamiyetle ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n irdelenmesi dikkat \u00e7ekicidir.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fin \u00f6te yan\u0131na k\u0131saca de\u011finmek gerekirse\u2026<\/p>\n

2016\u2019daki meydan g\u00f6sterilerine gizli\/a\u00e7\u0131k destek veren Prabowo Subianto bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, kamuoyu taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6receli dindar bir kimlikte g\u00f6r\u00fclmemektedir. Birbiriyle tenakuz i\u00e7erdi\u011fi \u015feklinde de yorumlanmaya a\u00e7\u0131k bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma, a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 Endonezya\u2019da \u0130slamiyetin ve\/ya M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kimli\u011fiyle \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan toplum kesimlerinin siyasal ya\u015famda bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu ve\/ya siyasal \u00e7evrelerin bu konuda belki de kamuoyu \u00f6n\u00fcnde giderek bunu \u00f6nemli k\u0131lma konusunda bir \u00e7aba sarf ettiklerini bile iddia etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

Endonezya\u2019da hangi \u0130slam? <\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu vaziyet, a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 Endonezya\u2019da \u201cHangi \u0130slam\u201d\u0131n g\u00fcndemde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya alaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde tart\u0131\u015fmalar ba\u011flam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmeyi hak ediyor. \u0130statistiki veriler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde halk\u0131n y\u00fczde sekseninin kendini M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nacak olursa, \u00fclkede \u0130slamiyetin siyasal ya\u015famda bir t\u00fcr kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beklemek \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, \u00fclkenin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131, 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fcresel \u015fartlar\u0131nda kendini sek\u00fcler olarak tan\u0131mlayan \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda yer alan Endonezya, o g\u00fcnden bu yana yine kendilerini \u0130slamc\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlayan ak\u0131mlara tan\u0131k oldu. \u00d6te yandan, bu tan\u0131mlamaya s\u0131cak bakmasa da \u0130slamiyetle uyumlu, bu ba\u011flamda baz\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeler konusunda talepk\u00e2r olan siyasi partiler, siyaset\u00e7iler ve toplumsal gruplar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrekli var oldu\u011fu bir toplumsal sistem mevcut. Bu ba\u011flamda, \u0130slamiyetin ve\/ya M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n hassasiyetlerinin s\u00fcrekli g\u00fcndemde olmas\u0131, ad\u0131na sek\u00fcler partiler denilen siyasi hareketlerin bu s\u00fcre\u00e7ten ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ol\/a\/mad\u0131klar\u0131na i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n

\u015eeriat\u0131 getiren parti <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin, burada akla gelebilecek \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00f6rnek, \u0130slamiyeti benimsemesi ve toplumsal kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 talep ve istekle \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kartan A\u00e7e\u2019de 2003\u2019de \u0130slami h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanmaya ba\u015flanmas\u0131, \u00f6yle \u0130slamc\u0131 partilerin talepleri veya en az\u0131ndan onlar\u0131n \u2018\u00f6nc\u00fc\u2019 karar\u0131 ile de\u011fil, aksine sek\u00fcler bir parti olan M\u00fccadeleci Demokratik Parti\u2019nin (PDI-P) karar\u0131yla oldu. Her ne kadar, o d\u00f6nem, A\u00e7e\u2019de \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131, A\u00e7e\u2019de ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ncelleyen siyasi ve toplumsal hareketlerin \u0130slamiyetle bar\u0131\u015f\u0131k ve talepk\u00e2rl\u0131klar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda PDI-P\u2019nin karar\u0131n\u0131n tastamam politik \u00e7\u0131karlar \u00fczerine bina edildi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilse de, bu durum her h\u00e2l ve \u015fartta \u0130slamiyetin ve\/veya M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n hassasiyetlerinin Endonezya siyasetinde bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

\u00d6yle ki, A\u00e7e\u2019de \u0130slami h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin uygulanmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00fclkenin di\u011fer baz\u0131 eyaletlerindeki halktan da benzer taleplerin gelmesi tam da bu duruma kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geliyor. \u00d6te yandan, b\u00f6ylesi bir karara imza atan PDI-P\u2019nin genel ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n -t\u0131pk\u0131 o y\u0131llarda oldu\u011fu gibi bug\u00fcn de \u00fclkenin kurucu babas\u0131 Sukarno\u2019nun k\u0131z\u0131 Megawati Sukarnoputri olmas\u0131, sek\u00fclerle\u015ftirmeci g\u00fc\u00e7lerin pragmatik kararlar ba\u011flam\u0131nda da olsa, toplumsal talepler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bir \u2018olumlu\u2019 tepki verebileceklerini de ortaya koyuyor. Unutmayal\u0131m ki, PDI-P, ba\u015fkan Jokowi\u2019nin i\u00e7inden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir siyasi parti ve Megawati de bu partinin genel ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve Jokowi\u2019nin en b\u00fcy\u00fck destek\u00e7isidir.<\/p>\n

\u0130stiklal deklarasyonundan geriye ne kald\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

2016 y\u0131l\u0131 Sonbahar\u0131\u2019nda Cakarta\u2019da olu\u015fan atmosferle ilgili hat\u0131rlatmabir kez daha hat\u0131rlatmak yapmakta fayda var. O d\u00f6nemin mimar\u0131 ve lideri konumundaki R\u0131ziq Hoca\u2019n\u0131n gayreti ba\u015fkentin en b\u00fcy\u00fck camii \u0130stiklal\u2019de ad\u0131na bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u0130slamc\u0131 denilebilecek siyasi partiler veya M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanca hassasiyeti olan siyasi hareketlerin liderlerini biraraya getirmesi ve akabinde \u2018\u0130stiklal Deklarasyonu\u2019 ad\u0131yla bir manifesto yay\u0131nlamas\u0131 \u0130slamc\u0131 bir hareketin birli\u011finin gelmekte oldu\u011funun g\u00f6stergesi olarak kabul ediliyordu.<\/p>\n

Ve yine o d\u00f6nem, tart\u0131\u015fmalar etnik k\u00f6ken ve din ba\u011flam\u0131 \u00fczerinden y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcrken, sa\u011fduyunun elden ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ihtimalinin de belirdi\u011fi g\u00f6zlemleniyordu ayn\u0131 zamanda. Aradan neredeyse iki y\u0131l ge\u00e7tikten sonra bug\u00fcn gelinen noktada, o d\u00f6nemin akt\u00f6rlerinin ortal\u0131kta olmamas\u0131 bir yana, kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7evreler, \u00f6rne\u011fin ba\u015fkan Jokowi \u2018daha dindar\u2019 kimli\u011fiyle 2019 May\u0131s se\u00e7imlerine haz\u0131rlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 27.09.2018 Endonezya\u2019da devlet ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imleri s\u00fcrecine girilmi\u015fken, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2541,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2540","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-endonezya","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2540","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2540"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2540\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2547,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2540\/revisions\/2547"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2541"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2540"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2540"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2540"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}