{"id":2499,"date":"2018-08-15T16:53:05","date_gmt":"2018-08-15T16:53:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=2499"},"modified":"2018-08-15T16:53:05","modified_gmt":"2018-08-15T16:53:05","slug":"helsinki-baris-anlasmasinin-toplumsal-kokenleri-social-roots-of-the-helsinki-peace-agreement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/helsinki-baris-anlasmasinin-toplumsal-kokenleri-social-roots-of-the-helsinki-peace-agreement\/","title":{"rendered":"Helsinki Bar\u0131\u015f Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Toplumsal K\u00f6kenleri \/ Social Roots of the Helsinki Peace Agreement"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a015.08.2018<\/strong><\/p>\n

15 A\u011fustos, Helsinki Bar\u0131\u015f Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 13. y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc. 15 A\u011fustos 2005 tarihinde imzalanan ve uygulanmas\u0131na 1 Nisan 2006 tarihinde ba\u015flanan bu anla\u015fma, bir bak\u0131ma uzun \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma d\u00f6nemleri ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f A\u00e7e topraklar\u0131nda y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonu anlam\u0131na geliyordu.<\/p>\n

Hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, s\u00f6z konusu bu bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131, bug\u00fcne kadar \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6nleriyle ele al\u0131nd\u0131 ve al\u0131nmaya devam edecek. Hatta \u00f6yle ki, aradan ge\u00e7en 13 y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcreye ra\u011fmen, bu anla\u015fman\u0131n can al\u0131c\u0131 maddelerinden hangilerinin uygulamaya konulup konulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bile bug\u00fcn A\u00e7e kahvehanelerindeki tart\u0131\u015fmalardan akademi d\u00fcnyas\u0131na kadar ilgili kesimlerce g\u00fcndeme getirilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Ancak bu yaz\u0131da, bu anla\u015fman\u0131n baz\u0131 maddelerinden hareketle sek\u00fclerle\u015fti\u011fi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen bir d\u00f6nemde A\u00e7e toplumunun dini-manevi-geleneksel de\u011ferlerinin b\u00f6ylesi bir anla\u015fmaya ne t\u00fcrl\u00fc etkisi oldu\u011funa k\u0131saca de\u011finece\u011fim.<\/p>\n

Anla\u015fma metninin giri\u015finde taraflar\u0131n yani Endonezya merkezi h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ile A\u00e7e \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Hareketi (Gerakan Aceh Merdeka<\/em>-GAM) aras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00fcvene dayal\u0131 oldu\u011fu ifade edilen bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n taraflardan A\u00e7eliler i\u00e7in bunun dini bir s\u00f6z ve i\u00e7eri\u011fe tekab\u00fcl etti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n

Bu temel yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in, A\u00e7e toplumunun tarihten tevar\u00fcs eden ve aral\u0131ks\u0131z bir \u015fekilde varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcren bin y\u0131ll\u0131k \u0130slamiyetle \u015fekillenen do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n fark\u0131nda olmak gerekir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, ad\u0131na anla\u015fma metni denilen unsuru tan\u0131mlayan ve s\u00fcreklili\u011fini sa\u011flayan, bu metne duyulan sadakatin A\u00e7eliler i\u00e7in dini bir s\u00f6zle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olu\u015fudur.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu bu anla\u015fma, A\u00e7elilerin dini-toplumsal yap\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, sek\u00fclerle\u015fme-modernle\u015fme tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda kayda de\u011fer bir yere oturmaktad\u0131r. Kimileri, Endonezya Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin dini y\u00f6nelimi veya bu devletin genel n\u00fcfus yap\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n yeri ve konumunu dikkate alarak Helsinki Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n pek de aras\u0131nda farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iki taraf aras\u0131nda yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilir. Bu konuda daha \u00f6nce yazd\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bu s\u00f6ylemin bir yanl\u0131\u015f anlamaya mahal vermeyece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Ancak k\u0131sa bir tekrar bab\u0131nda \u015funu hat\u0131rlatmakta fayda var.<\/p>\n

A\u00e7e \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Hareketi\u2019nin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k talebini \u2018dini bir temele\u2019 dayand\u0131rmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 veya bunu a\u00e7\u0131ktan, aleni bir \u015fekilde g\u00fcndeme getirmemi\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n kendinde bir anlam\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bir di\u011fer husus, bu hareket i\u00e7erisinde yer alan toplumun, -en az\u0131ndan kahir ekseriyetinin- fiiliyatta \u0130slam\u0131n gereklerini yerine getiren bir yap\u0131 olu\u015fturmas\u0131 da dikkate al\u0131nacak bir duruma tekab\u00fcl etmektedir. Hareketin, m\u00fccadelenin seyrinde izledi\u011fi bu metodun, genel anlam\u0131yla A\u00e7e tarihinin d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktalar\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan s\u00fcre\u00e7lerle ilintisini irdelemek bile ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na bir tez konusu olmaya aday.<\/p>\n

S\u0131kl\u0131kla s\u00f6ylemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir di\u011fer husus ise, bu ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k hareketinin post-modern bir etno-milliyet\u00e7i yap\u0131n\u0131n unsurlar\u0131 olmakla s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Aksine, bu hareket, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l son birka\u00e7 on y\u0131l\u0131nda s\u00f6m\u00fcrge \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli sava\u015flar\u0131na konu olan s\u00fcrecin 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l \u015fartlar\u0131na yans\u0131yan halini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ancak unutulmamal\u0131 ki, Endonezya Cumhuriyeti sek\u00fcler bir devlet olmakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, bu anla\u015fman\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerinden \u00f6nemli bir kesimin Avrupal\u0131 sek\u00fcler politikac\u0131lar ve kurumlard\u0131r. Bu yap\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr y\u00fcz\u00fcnde Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 \u2018Avrupa G\u00fcvenlik ve Savunma Politikas\u0131\u2019 uygulamas\u0131 bu co\u011frafyada ilk kez bu bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131 s\u00fcreciyle ortaya kondu. Ayr\u0131ca, ASEAN\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 be\u015f \u00fclkenin de verdi\u011fi deste\u011fi unutmamak gerekir.<\/p>\n

Burada dikkat \u00e7eken husus, bir \u0130slam co\u011frafyas\u0131nda bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecinde ortaya konulan \u015fartlar\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn sek\u00fclerle\u015fmenin alabildi\u011fine tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ortamda ortaya konmu\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6yle ki, bu sek\u00fclerle\u015fmeye do\u011frudan taraf olan AB gibi bir b\u00f6lgesel birli\u011fin bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcreci ve sonras\u0131ndaki rol\u00fc ile A\u00e7e toplumunun siyasi ve ekonomik taleplerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ve hatta \u00f6tesinde dini ba\u011flam\u0131yla dikkat \u00e7eken talepleri aras\u0131nda bir tezat\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 \u00fczerinde durulmay\u0131 hak ediyor.<\/p>\n

Bu ba\u011flamda, \u00f6rne\u011fin anla\u015fma maddesinin 1.1.6.\u2019c\u0131 maddesinde tarihi gelene\u011fe g\u00f6nderme yap\u0131larak A\u00e7e Kanunu ad\u0131 verilen yasal h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin uygulanabilirli\u011fi dikkat \u00e7ekicidir. A\u00e7e\u2019de gelenek (adat<\/em>) ve din ili\u015fkisinin birbirinden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan ve birbirine der\u00e7 olmu\u015f iki unsur oldu\u011fu hat\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda A\u00e7e Kanunu ad\u0131 verilen b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn dini perspektifi yans\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Anla\u015fman\u0131n Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7evreler taraf\u0131ndan bu vechesi \u00fczerinden ele al\u0131n\u0131p al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaya matuftur. Ancak dikkatlerden ka\u00e7mayan bir y\u00f6n var ise, o da A\u00e7elilerin otuz y\u0131l\u0131 bulan bir sava\u015f\u0131 ni\u00e7in verdikleri sorusunun g\u00fcndeme getirilmesidir.<\/p>\n

Sadece bu de\u011fil elbette\u2026 Yukar\u0131da k\u0131saca de\u011findi\u011fim, s\u00f6m\u00fcrge d\u00f6neminde verilen uzun erimli m\u00fccadelenin ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131ktan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra ba\u015flayan Dar\u2019ul Islam hareketinin nedenleri ne ise, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00e7eyre\u011finden yeni y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131na kadar verilen m\u00fccadele de ayn\u0131 temellere dayan\u0131yordu. Arada bir kopukluk oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek olsa olsa, A\u00e7e toplum yap\u0131s\u0131na ve A\u00e7e halk\u0131n\u0131n taleplerine y\u00f6nelik cehaletle e\u015fle\u015ftirilebilir.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 d\u00f6nemde A\u00e7elilerce ortaya konulan m\u00fccadele s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin bu toplumun tarihsel ve geleneksel temellerine dayal\u0131 ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck temelli yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131yla birlikte anla\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a015.08.2018 15 A\u011fustos, Helsinki Bar\u0131\u015f Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 13. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2500,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2499","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ace","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2499","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2499"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2499\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2501,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2499\/revisions\/2501"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2500"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2499"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2499"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2499"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}