{"id":23,"date":"2013-11-19T09:33:00","date_gmt":"2013-11-19T09:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost:8080\/ini\/?p=23"},"modified":"2016-10-10T10:10:11","modified_gmt":"2016-10-10T10:10:11","slug":"filipinlerde-afet-ve-sonrasnda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/filipinlerde-afet-ve-sonrasnda\/","title":{"rendered":"Filipinler\u2019de Afet ve Sonras\u0131nda Ya\u015fananlar \/ Disaster and Its Aftermath in the Phillipines"},"content":{"rendered":"
Mehmet \u00d6zay \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a018 Kas\u0131m 2013<\/b><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/b><\/div>\n
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Filipinler\u2019deki do\u011fal afet bir kez daha G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya\u2019y\u0131 d\u00fcnya g\u00fcndemine ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131. 8 Kas\u0131m g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fclkenin orta b\u00f6lgelerinde Samar ve Leyte Eyaletleri\u2019ni vuran Haiyan Tayfunu 7 il\u00e2 13 milyon aras\u0131nda ki\u015finin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 etkiledi\u011fi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor. \u00d6zellikle Tacloban \u015fehrinde etkili olan tayfundan etkilenenler, g\u00fcnlerce \u2018acil yard\u0131mlar\u0131n\u2019 kendilerini ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 beklerken, h\u00fck\u00fcmet ve Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler aras\u0131nda fel\u00e2ketin boyutlar\u0131 konusunda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ayr\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00fcndeme damgas\u0131n\u0131 vurdu. Bu durumun, h\u00fck\u00fcmet ve BM\u2019nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fine g\u00f6lge d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ku\u015fku yok. T\u00fcm bu hususlar do\u011fal afetler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda haz\u0131rl\u0131ks\u0131z yakalanman\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin daha ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 kadar, hemen sonras\u0131nda ilk yard\u0131m faaliyetlerinde ciddi aksakl\u0131klar\u0131n ya\u015fanmas\u0131 ilgili \u00fclke y\u00f6netimlerinin ve yard\u0131m kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yeni stratejiler geli\u015ftirmelerini zorunlu k\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/div>\n
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Bu noktada, baz\u0131 istatistiki bilgileri g\u00fcndeme getirmekte fayda var. \u00d6l\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131 konusunda Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler ve Filipinler H\u00fck\u00fcmeti\u2019nin birbiriyle \u00e7eli\u015fen rakamlar g\u00fcndeme getirdiklerini s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftik. Bu ba\u011flamda, BM \u0130nsani Yard\u0131m Koordinasyonu (OCHA) yetkilileri sahadaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131ndan ald\u0131klar\u0131 bilgilere g\u00f6re ge\u00e7en Cuma g\u00fcn\u00fc yapt\u0131klar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda \u00f6l\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131 tahmini olarak 10.000 olarak veriyordu. Filipinler H\u00fck\u00fcmeti\u2019nin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc kriz masas\u0131 ise bu say\u0131n\u0131n 2360 civar\u0131nda oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Benigno Aquino da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada \u00f6l\u00fc rakamlar\u0131n\u0131 2500 olarak vermi\u015fti. Ayn\u0131 g\u00fcnlerde h\u00fck\u00fcmet yetkilileri 1140 ki\u015finin de kay\u0131p oldu\u011funu il\u00e2n ediyordu. Filipinler y\u00f6netimi ile BM\u2019nin \u00f6l\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131 konusundaki \u00e7eli\u015fkili a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 \u00fcst d\u00fczey bir polis memurunun g\u00f6revden al\u0131nmas\u0131na kadar vard\u0131. S\u00f6z konusu polis memuru, h\u00fck\u00fcmet kaynaklar\u0131 yerine, BM kaynaklar\u0131ndan hareketle a\u00e7\u0131klamada bulunmas\u0131 onu g\u00f6revinden etti.<\/div>\n
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\u00d6te yandan, 500.000 ki\u015finin evsiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131, k\u0131sa ve orta vadede yard\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u0131da ve ila\u00e7 da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hangi boyutlarda seyretmesi gerekti\u011fini de ortaya koyuyor. Ancak temel yard\u0131m \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n bile ma\u011fdurlara ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, yar\u0131m milyon insan\u0131 yeniden hayata ba\u011flayacak ve toplumsal ya\u015famlar\u0131na geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcrecek s\u00fcrecin ne kadar uzun olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kestirmek g\u00fc\u00e7.<\/div>\n
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Adalar \u00fclkesi Filipinlerin orta kesimlerini vuran Haiyan Tayfunu ak\u0131llara 2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda A\u00e7e, 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda da Japonya\u2019y\u0131 vuran tsunamileri akla getirdi. Aradan ge\u00e7en yakla\u015f\u0131k on g\u00fcne ra\u011fmen, fel\u00e2ket sonras\u0131 yard\u0131m faaliyetlerinde \u00f6nemli derecede aksamalar ya\u015fanmas\u0131 g\u00fcndemde yer etti ve etmeye devam ediyor. Neredeyse her b\u00fcy\u00fck fel\u00e2kette ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n getirilen yard\u0131mlara ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in b\u00f6lgedeki havalimanlar\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak kaotik g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u00d6yle ki, kimi yerlerde yard\u0131m malzemeleri ta\u015f\u0131yan ekiplere a\u00e7l\u0131k ve susuzlu\u011fun neden oldu\u011fu psikolojiyinin de etkisiyle \u015fiddete varan boyutlarda vak\u2019alar\u0131n ya\u015fanmas\u0131 resmi makamlar\u0131n ve yard\u0131m kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda yeni stratejiler geli\u015ftirmelerini zorunlu k\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu durum, sadece yard\u0131mlar\u0131 organize eden kurumlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 de\u011fil, ma\u011fdurlar aras\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda zay\u0131f konumda bulununlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini de yak\u0131ndan etkiliyor.<\/div>\n
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G\u00fcneydo\u011fu ve Do\u011fu Asya\u2019da uzanan adalar\u0131 ve sahillerini etkisi alt\u0131na alan muson ya\u011fmurlar\u0131 ve bu d\u00f6neme denk gelen kas\u0131rga ve tayfunlar asl\u0131nda yeni de\u011fil. Bu anlamda Filipinleri etkisi alt\u0131na alan tayfun bir s\u00fcrpiz olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fanan benzer fel\u00e2ketlerden de ders \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ciddi kayg\u0131lar var. Bu noktada, ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n uzun s\u00fcre yard\u0131m alamamalar\u0131, hava ula\u015f\u0131m deste\u011finin yeterince g\u00fcndeme getirilmedi\u011fini ortaya koyuyor. Daha d\u00fcn bile uluslararas\u0131 yay\u0131n yapan televizyon kanallar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6lgedeki muhabirleri kitlelerin h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u2018a\u00e7 ve susuzlu\u011fundan\u2019 bahsediyor. Kimi \u00fclkeler k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede yard\u0131m ekiplerini ve malzemeleri ba\u015fkent Manila\u2019ya ta\u015f\u0131sa da, merkezden fel\u00e2ket b\u00f6lgesine ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in yeterli alt yap\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131 b\u00f6lgedeki ma\u011fduriyeti daha da art\u0131r\u0131yor. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te bir di\u011fer \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 sorun ise g\u00fcvenlik konusundaki zaafiyetin neden oldu\u011fu ya\u011fma ve \u015fiddet. Bu husus \u00f6rne\u011fin, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcn\u00fcn zay\u0131f\u0131 ezmesinden tutun da, soygun ve katl ile sonu\u00e7lanan vak\u2019alar \u015feklinde farkl\u0131 derecelerde g\u00fcndeme geliyor.<\/div>\n
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Do\u011fal afetten etkilenen y\u00fczbinlerce ki\u015fi hayata tutunma s\u00fcreci ya\u015farken, yard\u0131mlar konusundaki giri\u015fimler uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkiler boyutunda da ele al\u0131nmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri\u2019nin b\u00f6lgedeki, \u00f6zellikle Japonya\u2019n\u0131n Okinava askeri \u00fcss\u00fcnden hareket eden deniz piyadeleri fel\u00e2ket b\u00f6lgesine k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede ula\u015fmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u00c7in\u2019in yard\u0131m konusunda \u00e7ekimser bir tutum tak\u0131nmas\u0131 g\u00fcndeme getirilen konular aras\u0131ndayd\u0131. Amerika\u2019n\u0131n eski kolonisi Filipinler\u2019de uzun y\u0131llar sahip oldu\u011fu deniz \u00fcslerine y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftiriler ve halk\u0131n tepkisine ra\u011fmen, fel\u00e2ket sonras\u0131nda b\u00f6lgede ilk yard\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmesi Amerika\u2019n\u0131n bu tip durumlarda izledi\u011fi ulusal politikas\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirmek gerekir. Kimi g\u00f6zlemciler 2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda ya\u015fanan tsunami sonras\u0131nda ABD deniz ve hava kuvvetlerinin A\u00e7e\u2019ye yard\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Endonezya ile ili\u015fkilerin yeniden ray\u0131na oturmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir i\u015flev g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc hat\u0131rlatarak, benzer bir s\u00fcrecin Filipinlerle ili\u015fkiler de ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilece\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekiyorlar.<\/div>\n
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Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te dikkat \u00e7eken yard\u0131m \u00e7abalar\u0131ndan biri de, Manila\u2019daki kimi \u00fclke b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7iliklerinin faaliyetleriydi. Ancak bu geli\u015fmelerde dikkat \u00e7eken bir y\u00f6n ise ASEAN\u2019la ilgili. Siyasi ve ekonomik ili\u015fkileri geli\u015ftirme konusunda \u00f6nemli \u00e7abalara imza atan Birlik, b\u00f6lgeyi s\u0131k s\u0131kziyaret eden do\u011fal afetler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bug\u00fcne kadar tutarl\u0131 birpolitika izlemi\u015f de\u011fil. Bu durum, ne yaz\u0131k ki, Haiyan Tayfunu\u2019nun nede
\nn oldu\u011fu fel\u00e2ket sonras\u0131nda da g\u00f6zlemlendi. ASEAN \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131nda Malezya ve Endonezya kimi devlet ve sivil kurumlar vas\u0131tas\u0131yla yard\u0131ma y\u00f6nelik \u00e7abalar i\u00e7ine girse de, ASEAN\u2019\u0131n bu tip geli\u015fmeler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda herhangi bir haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. Son d\u00f6nemde, ASEANl\u0131l\u0131k olgusunu dillendiren yetkililerin \u00fcye \u00fclke halklar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ba\u011flar\u0131 geli\u015ftirme konusundaki s\u00f6ylemlerinin tam da kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulmas\u0131 beklenen deprem, tayfun gibi do\u011fal afetler ba\u011flam\u0131nda gerekli ara\u00e7lar\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7irme konusunda hen\u00fcz ad\u0131m at(a)mad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zleniyor.<\/div>\n
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<\/a>http:\/\/www.dunyabulteni.net\/?aType=haber&ArticleID=280622<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a018 Kas\u0131m 2013 \u00a0 Filipinler\u2019deki do\u011fal afet bir kez daha G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya\u2019y\u0131 d\u00fcnya g\u00fcndemine ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131. 8 Kas\u0131m g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fclkenin orta b\u00f6lgelerinde Samar ve Leyte Eyaletleri\u2019ni vuran Haiyan Tayfunu 7 il\u00e2 13 milyon aras\u0131nda ki\u015finin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 etkiledi\u011fi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor. \u00d6zellikle Tacloban \u015fehrinde etkili olan tayfundan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1626,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[62],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bangsamoro-filipinler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1455,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23\/revisions\/1455"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1626"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}