{"id":2184,"date":"2017-11-19T14:36:03","date_gmt":"2017-11-19T14:36:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=2184"},"modified":"2017-11-19T14:36:03","modified_gmt":"2017-11-19T14:36:03","slug":"aseanda-filipinlerle-bir-yil-a-year-with-the-philippines-in-asean","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/aseanda-filipinlerle-bir-yil-a-year-with-the-philippines-in-asean\/","title":{"rendered":"ASEAN\u2019da Filipinler\u2019le bir y\u0131l \/ A year with the Philippines in ASEAN"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 19.11.2017<\/strong><\/p>\n

12-15 Kas\u0131m g\u00fcnlerinde Filipinler\u2019in ba\u015fkenti Manila\u2019da yap\u0131lan 31. ASEAN zirvesi, birlik i\u00e7erisinde ge\u00e7en bir y\u0131l\u0131n hesab\u0131n\u0131n verilmesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, devir teslim anlam\u0131 da ta\u015f\u0131yordu. Bu y\u0131l d\u00f6nem ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten Filipinler g\u00f6revi, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131l \u00fcstlenecek olan Singapur\u2019a devretti. Bu devir s\u00fcreci ba\u011flam\u0131nda bu y\u0131l Filipinler\u2019in birlik i\u00e7in neler yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve nas\u0131l bir model oldu\u011funa k\u0131saca bakmakta fayda var.<\/p>\n

Filipinler\u2019in ASEAN d\u00f6nem ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda neler yapabilece\u011fi ge\u00e7en y\u0131ldan bu yana ba\u015fkan Rodrigo Duterte\u2019nin uygulamakta oldu\u011fu uyu\u015fturucuyla m\u00fccadelede se\u00e7ti\u011fi politikan\u0131n yank\u0131lar\u0131yla yak\u0131ndan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131yd\u0131. Duterte\u2019nin ulusal bir sorun olan uyu\u015fturucunun k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u00fc kaz\u0131mak amac\u0131yla ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fccadelede se\u00e7ti\u011fi y\u00f6ntem, bu politikan\u0131n b\u00f6lgesel ve uluslararas\u0131 bir nitelik ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 hat\u0131rlanacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

ASEAN \u00fcye \u00fclkeleri \u015fa\u015f\u0131r\u0131lmayacak bir tepkisizlikle sokak ortas\u0131 infazlar\u0131 izlerken, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri, Avrupa Birli\u011fi ve Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019den gelen tepkilere Duterte\u2019nin ma\u00e7o \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131, bu k\u00fcresel yap\u0131larla ili\u015fkileri gerginle\u015ftirmeye yetti. Ge\u00e7en y\u0131l, ABD eski ba\u015fkan\u0131 Obama\u2019ya, Papa\u2019ya y\u00f6nelik k\u00fcf\u00fcrl\u00fc s\u00f6ylemi ABD ile ili\u015fkilerin tek yanl\u0131 kopmas\u0131 s\u00fcreci kadar, belki de en \u00f6nemli y\u00f6nelimini Filipinleri \u00c7in\u2019e yakla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda bulmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131da zikredilen baz\u0131 nedenlerden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc, bu y\u0131l ASEAN\u2019a ba\u015fkanl\u0131k yapan Filipinler devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 Rodrigo Duterte\u2019nin neler yapaca\u011f\u0131 merak konusuydu ve bu anlamda s\u00fcprizlere gebeydi. \u00d6yle ki, gerek \u00fcye \u00fclkeler gerekse ASEAN\u2019la ili\u015fkileri olan k\u00fcresel bloklar ve \u00fclkeler i\u00e7in de tahamm\u00fcl edilmesi gereken ve bekle-g\u00f6r politikas\u0131n\u0131n uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 bir zaman dilimi olarak kabul ediliyordu.<\/p>\n

Ancak ge\u00e7en bir y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda, Duterte\u2019den kaynaklanan \u00f6yle b\u00fcy\u00fck sars\u0131nt\u0131lar olmamakla birlikte, \u00e7e\u015fitli a\u00e7\u0131lardan arzu edilen geli\u015fmelerin de oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek g\u00fc\u00e7. \u00d6rne\u011fin, ASEAN ekonomi birli\u011fi, insan trafi\u011fi ve ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7ocuk i\u015f\u00e7iler sorunu, Arakan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n ma\u011fduriyetleri, Bangsamoro ve Patani bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7leri gibi ilk etapta akla gelebilecek konularda olumlu ad\u0131mlar at\u0131labilmesi bir yana, bu konular\u0131n g\u00fcndemde yap\u0131c\u0131 ve inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131na tan\u0131k olunamad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, Filipinler\u2019in g\u00fcneyinde Sulu Tak\u0131madalar\u0131 ile Malezya\u2019n\u0131n kuzeyinde Sabah b\u00f6lgesi aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan adam ka\u00e7\u0131rma ve korsanl\u0131k faaliyetlerine eklemlenen Ortado\u011fu merkezli ter\u00f6r yap\u0131lanmalar\u0131, giderek b\u00f6lgede g\u00fcvenlik politikalar\u0131n\u0131n ciddiyetine dikkat \u00e7ekmeye yetti. Singapur ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere, Malezya ve Endonezya\u2019n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilecek herhangi bir ter\u00f6r hadisesine kar\u015f\u0131 haz\u0131rl\u0131k \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 sonras\u0131nda Malezya-Endonezya ve Filipinler savunma bakanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma karar\u0131 g\u00fcndeme geldi. Ancak bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, Mindanao Adas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli \u015fehri Marawi\u2019nin silahl\u0131 bir grup taraf\u0131ndan istila edilmesi, b\u00f6lgenin ter\u00f6r kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki haz\u0131rl\u0131ks\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir ifadesi olarak kabul ediliyor. Bu ba\u011flamda, k\u00fcresel ter\u00f6r olu\u015fumlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6lge \u00fczerine bir g\u00f6lge gibi \u00e7\u00f6kmesi ve bunun en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde Filipinler\u2019de yank\u0131 bulmas\u0131, belki de y\u0131l\u0131n en dikkat \u00e7eken geli\u015fmesiydi.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, 2014\u2019den bu yana ASEAN\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcndemindeki uluslararas\u0131 ter\u00f6r ve g\u00fcvenlik sorununa ra\u011fmen, Filipinler y\u00f6netiminin bununla ba\u015f etmede yetersiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyuyor. \u00d6te yandan, bu g\u00fcvenlik s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ele al\u0131namayacak olan Bangsamoro Bar\u0131\u015f S\u00fcreci konusunda da herhangi bir ad\u0131m at\u0131lamamas\u0131, Duterte y\u00f6netiminin ASEAN geneline yans\u0131yabilecek olumlu havan\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na da mani oldu.<\/p>\n

Oysa Filipinler\u2019in ASEAN d\u00f6nem ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda farkl\u0131 beklentiler g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131nabilirdi. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, ge\u00e7en y\u0131l sonunda kabul edilen ASEAN Ekonomi Birli\u011fi\u2019nin geli\u015ftirilmesi konusunda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerin ortaya konmas\u0131, tart\u0131\u015fmalara konu edilmesi ba\u015fta gelen bir husustu.<\/p>\n

Konunun sadece \u2018ticaret, yat\u0131r\u0131m\u2019 alanlar\u0131yla k\u0131s\u0131tland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na el verecek \u015fekilde, farkl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131mlara kap\u0131 aralamas\u0131 bekleniyordu. \u00d6rne\u011fin Malezya ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Necib bin Rezzak\u2019\u0131n daha \u00f6nceki toplant\u0131larda dile getirdi\u011fi \u201cpeoplo-to-people\u201d, yani ASEAN \u00fcye \u00fclkeleri halklar\u0131n\u0131n mobilizasyonuna, sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel kayna\u015fmalar\u0131na dair geli\u015fmeler Kuala Lumpur\u2019da d\u00fczenlenen ASEAN oyunlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kapsaml\u0131 etkinliklere konu olmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Birlik \u00fclkeleri halklar\u0131n\u0131n birbirlerini, k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerini, dini ve toplumsal yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mad\u0131klar\u0131 konusu bir sorun olarak zaman zaman dile getiriliyor. \u00d6yle ki, bu sorunun giri\u015fte dikkat \u00e7ekilen \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma b\u00f6lgeleri ve buralardaki sorunlara y\u00f6nelik b\u00f6lgenin sorun \u00fcretememesi de, birincil derecede halklar\u0131n birbirleriyle olan ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn politikac\u0131lara havale edilmesine neden oluyor.<\/p>\n

Peki Duterte\u2019nin uyu\u015fturucu m\u00fccadelesi nas\u0131l sonu\u00e7land\u0131?<\/p>\n

Duterte\u2019nin \u00fclkenin kronik sorunu uyu\u015fturucuyla m\u00fccadele se\u00e7ti\u011fi y\u00f6ntem, ilk etapta bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak ortaya konulsa da, ard\u0131nda daha b\u00fcy\u00fck problemlerin \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6rtmekle gelece\u011fe dair umutsuzlu\u011fu art\u0131rmaktan \u00f6te bir anlam ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131yor. \u00dclkede kurumsal yolsuzlu\u011fa konu olan polis g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn Duterte\u2019nin bu politikas\u0131nda ara\u00e7salla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, bu kurumda olan biteni a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etme anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor. 2016 y\u0131l\u0131 boyunca ASEAN d\u00f6nem ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten Filipinler bu anlamda di\u011fer \u00fcye \u00fclkelere olumlu bir \u00f6rnek te\u015fkil etti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Kalk\u0131nmac\u0131 ekonomilere konu olan ASEAN, bununla tezat te\u015fkil edecek \u015fekilde toplumsal sorunlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da benzerlikler g\u00f6steren bir b\u00f6lge. Bu ba\u011flamda, Filipinler \u00f6rne\u011finde, yasalar ve kurumsal i\u015flerlikte ya\u015fanan sorunlar\u0131n benzerleri kom\u015fu \u00fclkelerde de mevcut. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Endonezya\u2019da, Duterte\u2019nin uyu\u015fturucuyla m\u00fccadelede uygulamay\u0131 ye\u011fledi\u011fi y\u00f6nteme y\u00f6nelik olarak, \u201cBiz de benzer bir y\u00f6ntemi uygulayabilir miyiz?\u201d sorular\u0131na \u015fa\u015f\u0131rmamak gerekir.<\/p>\n

Ancak bu s\u00fcrecin bir ba\u015far\u0131dan ziyade sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde palyatif \u00f6nerilerle g\u00fcndemi olu\u015fturman\u0131n \u00f6tesinde bir sonuca ula\u015fmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Yine t\u0131pk\u0131 Filipinler\u2019dekine benzer \u015fekilde, Endonezya\u2019da devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 Joko Widodo, ad\u0131 yolsuzluklarla an\u0131lan polis g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015f\u0131na gerekli reformlar\u0131 yapmas\u0131 i\u00e7in emniyetteki hiyerar\u015fiyi g\u00f6z ard\u0131 ederek ge\u00e7en y\u0131l Tito Karnavian\u2019\u0131 getirmi\u015fti. Polis g\u00fcc\u00fcnde reform s\u00fcrecinin ne t\u00fcr ba\u015far\u0131lara konu oldu\u011fu bir yana, Filipinler \u00f6rne\u011finin uygulanabilirli\u011finin tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 bile ciddi bir sorun.<\/p>\n

Filipinler\u2019in ASEAN d\u00f6nem ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 geride kal\u0131rken, toplumdaki ekonomik adaletsizlik, uyu\u015fturucu gibi her bir k\u00f6\u015feye siyaret etmi\u015f bir sorun, uluslararas\u0131 ter\u00f6r\u00fcn b\u00f6lgedeki uzant\u0131lar\u0131 ve tabii ki Bangsamoro bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecini olumlu ve arzu edilir \u015fekilde nihayete erdirme gibi \u00f6nemli sorumlulu\u011fu h\u00e2l\u00e2 devam ediyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 19.11.2017 12-15 Kas\u0131m g\u00fcnlerinde Filipinler\u2019in ba\u015fkenti Manila\u2019da […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2185,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2184","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-asean","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2184","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2184"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2184\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2186,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2184\/revisions\/2186"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2185"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2184"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2184"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2184"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}