{"id":1988,"date":"2017-05-13T07:52:22","date_gmt":"2017-05-13T07:52:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=1988"},"modified":"2017-05-13T07:52:22","modified_gmt":"2017-05-13T07:52:22","slug":"guney-korede-secim-ve-anlami-presidential-election-and-its-meaning-in-south-korea","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/guney-korede-secim-ve-anlami-presidential-election-and-its-meaning-in-south-korea\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u00fcney Kore\u2019de Se\u00e7im ve Anlam\u0131 \/ Presidential Election and Its Meaning in South Korea"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a013.05.2017 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Do\u011fu Asya\u2019n\u0131n ekonomik mucizesiyle tan\u0131nan \u00fclkesi G\u00fcney Kore\u2019de beklenen se\u00e7im nihayet 9 May\u0131s\u2019ta yap\u0131ld\u0131. Bu erken ba\u015fkanl\u0131k se\u00e7imi \u00fclkenin bu y\u0131l otuzuncu y\u0131l\u0131na giren demokratik yollarla ba\u015fkan se\u00e7ilme gelene\u011finde bir ilke tekab\u00fcl ediyor. Bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, bir \u00f6nceki ba\u015fkan Park Geun-hyu, son otuz y\u0131lda g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresi dolmadan g\u00f6revinden el \u00e7ektirilen ilk ba\u015fkan olarak \u00fclke modern tarihinde yerini ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Park Geun-hyu\u2019nun siyasi ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6ylesi bir sonla bitmesinde sadece yolsuzluk olgusuna ba\u011flamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Yolsuzlu\u011fun neredeyse i\u00e7selle\u015ftirildi\u011fi b\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerindeki yayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ra\u011fmen, ilgili kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n sergiledi\u011fi \u00e7abalarla yarg\u0131 zaman zaman g\u00f6revini yerine getirerek yolsuzlu\u011fa kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olanlara cezas\u0131n\u0131 veriyor. \u00dclkedeki siyasi partiler ve siyasiler ile sadece G\u00fcney Kore\u2019nin de\u011fil, k\u00fcresel kapitalizm \u00fcretim mekanizmas\u0131nda kayda de\u011fer bir rol\u00fc olan \u00f6nde gelen \u015firketlerden gayri resmi \u201cfonlar\u201d al\u0131nmas\u0131 skandal\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyordu. Ancak ge\u00e7en y\u0131l \u00fclkede ya\u015fananlar bununla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmad\u0131. Aksine, devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 Park Geun-hyu\u2019nun bir aile dostunun elinin \u00fclke siyasetinin en \u00fcst noktalar\u0131na kadar uzanmas\u0131 \u00e7ok daha temel siyasetin \u00f6tesinde \u2018ahlaki\u2019 bir tutumla al\u00e2kal\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu durum, ad\u0131na demokratik denilen bir i\u015flerli\u011fe sahip siyaset kurumunun ile geni\u015f kamuoyu aras\u0131nda yaz\u0131l\u0131 olmayan bir t\u00fcr toplumsal s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye dayanan g\u00fcven ili\u015fkisinin yitimi anlam\u0131na geldi. Zaten ge\u00e7en y\u0131l sonuna do\u011fru ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen dev g\u00f6steriler de temelde bu g\u00fcvenin y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131na bir tepki olarak ba\u015fkan\u0131n derhal g\u00f6revini b\u0131rakmas\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131n\u0131 niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yordu. Bu noktada, G\u00fcney Kore gibi ilerlemeci bir profil \u00e7izen, sadece b\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerince de\u011fil, k\u00fcresel anlamda kalk\u0131nmac\u0131 ekonomilerin \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc kabul edilen \u00fclkelerden biri olmakla birlikte, bu siyaset ve toplum yap\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde yolsuzlukla-ahlak ili\u015fkisi ve g\u00fcvenle-ahlak ili\u015fkisi aras\u0131nda uzun uzad\u0131ya durup d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcney Kore halk\u0131 bug\u00fcnlere gelene kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck bedeller \u00f6demi\u015f bir \u00fclke. \u00d6rne\u011fin, y\u00fcz binlerce insan\u0131n hayat\u0131na mal olan Kore Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan ABD destekli bir yap\u0131lanma sergileyen G\u00fcney Kore, disiplinli ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan halk\u0131n\u0131n sayesinde bug\u00fcnk\u00fc kalk\u0131nma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine eri\u015febildi. Tabii bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te bu halk\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir y\u00f6nlendirmeye tabi tutulmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemini yads\u0131mak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. \u00d6yle ki, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te ABD\u2019nin g\u00fcvenlik \u015femsiyesi alt\u0131nda ya\u015farken, e\u011fitim ve ekonomik ya\u015fam\u0131 Japonya modeli \u00fczerinden ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. y\u00fczy\u0131l ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131 boyunca k\u00fcresel kapitalizmin Asya-Pasifik b\u00f6lgesindeki atardamar\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131labilecek bu iki \u00fclkesi, bu rolleriyle b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleri i\u00e7in g\u0131pta edilecek birer model olarak an\u0131l\u0131rlar. Japonya ve G\u00fcney Kore\u2019nin bu ekonomi modelinin iki ana organ\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131nda, hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki bankalar\u0131 ve mali kurulu\u015flar\u0131yla, bilgi ve teknolojileri ile ABD\u2019nin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkat \u00e7eker. \u00d6yle ki, ABD b\u00f6lgede sadece geli\u015fmekte olan kom\u00fcnizm tehlikesine kar\u015f\u0131 silahl\u0131 bir ittifak g\u00fcc\u00fc kurmakla kalmam\u0131\u015f, aksine k\u00fcresel kapitalizm a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumunda bu iki \u00fclkeye kayda de\u011fer deste\u011fi sunmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Bu arka pl\u00e2n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan bug\u00fcn neler oldu\u011funa de\u011finmekte fayda var. Bu y\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda ABD\u2019de yeni y\u00f6netimin savunma, d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakanlar\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6lgeye yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ziyaretler, temelde G\u00fcney Kore ile Japonya\u2019n\u0131n ABD\u2019nin g\u00fcvenlik \u015femsiyesinde oldu\u011funun teyidine matuftu. S\u00f6z konusu g\u00fcvenlik ihtiyac\u0131 \u00c7in\u2019in k\u00fcresel bir g\u00fc\u00e7 niteli\u011fi kazanmas\u0131 kadar, Kore Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019nda 1950-1953 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen Kore Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n de facto devam etmesinin de bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bug\u00fcn h\u00e2l\u00e2 ayn\u0131 \u0131rka mensup, s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n iki yakas\u0131nda ayn\u0131 aileden fertlerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kuzey ve G\u00fcney Kore devletleri birbiriyle de facto sava\u015f halindedir. Tabii, G\u00fcney Kore\u2019nin ABD\u2019nin g\u00fcvenlik \u015femsiyesi alt\u0131nda olmas\u0131, ayn\u0131 zamanda bu \u00fclkenin savunmas\u0131 ve herhangi bir sald\u0131r\u0131 durumunda ABD\u2019nin deste\u011fine muhta\u00e7 oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Bu genel \u00e7er\u00e7evede Kuzey Kore\u2019nin rol\u00fcn\u00fc de iyi g\u00f6rmek gerekir. Fiili olarak 1953 y\u0131l\u0131nda sona eren Kore Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan bu yana Kuzey Kore, bir devlet olarak ABD\u2019den gelecek bir sald\u0131r\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunmaya endekslemi\u015f bir nitelik ta\u015f\u0131yor. Kuzey Kore\u2019nin psiko-patolojik durum olarak de\u011ferlendirilmeyi hak edecek bu yap\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131n son d\u00f6nemde konvansiyonel ve n\u00fckleer f\u00fcze denemelerinde geldi\u011fi a\u015fama ile sadece savunmada de\u011fil, sald\u0131r\u0131 kabiliyetinde de olabilece\u011fini kan\u0131tl\u0131yor. Bu nedenle, G\u00fcney Kore\u2019deki se\u00e7imlerden \u00e7ok k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce, ABD ba\u015fkan\u0131 Donald Trump\u2019\u0131n Pasifik Deniz kuvvetlerine ait \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6nc\u00fc g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc Kore Yar\u0131madas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131na g\u00f6nderme karar\u0131, b\u00f6ylesi bir sald\u0131r\u0131 ihtimalinin giderek g\u00fc\u00e7lenmi\u015f olmas\u0131na atfediliyor. Ancak Trump\u2019\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131ya ramak kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlarcas\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 karar\u0131n bir sonraki a\u015famaya ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131, bir bak\u0131ma yukar\u0131da dile getirilen de facto sava\u015f\u0131n fiiliyata d\u00f6k\u00fclmesi anlam\u0131na gelecektir. Bununla birlikte, Trump\u2019\u0131n Kuzey Kore\u2019yi hedefe koyan ve daha \u00f6nceki s\u00f6ylemleri dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda biraz da s\u00fcrpriz kabul edilebilecek bu \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n G\u00fcney Kore\u2019deki se\u00e7im sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 Kore Yar\u0131madas\u0131 ve Uzak Do\u011fu\u2019da siyasi ve askeri yap\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n yeni bir seyir takip edebilece\u011finin ipu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n

    9 May\u0131s se\u00e7imlerinde G\u00fcney Kore halk\u0131n\u0131n liberal demokrat parti aday\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fczde 40\u2019\u0131 a\u015fan kayda de\u011fer bir oyla ba\u015fkanl\u0131k saray\u0131na g\u00f6ndermesi, ABD\u2019nin zorlamas\u0131yla bir b\u00f6lgesel \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fa kap\u0131n\u0131n kapat\u0131labilece\u011fi anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yabilir. Her ne kadar, se\u00e7im kampanyas\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde adaylar halk\u0131n ekonomik durgunluk, \u00f6zellikle 30 ya\u015f alt\u0131 gen\u00e7 kitleler aras\u0131nda i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 10 gibi y\u00fcksek bir oranda olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanan sorunlara konu\u015flanm\u0131\u015f olsalar da, Kuzey Kore sorunu bundan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fil. Halk, ekonomiyi \u00f6nceller ve ekonomik dar bo\u011faz\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, yeni i\u015f olanaklar\u0131n\u0131n yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde talepleri s\u0131ralarken, herhalde bir sava\u015f ortam\u0131na destek verip t\u00fcm bu do\u011fabilecek imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n bir anda ellerinden gitmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde karar vermi\u015f olamazlar. Kald\u0131 ki, ba\u015fkan se\u00e7ilen Moon Jae-in, kampanya d\u00f6neminde Kuzey Kore sorununa yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yanl\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011funa g\u00f6nderme yapan a\u00e7\u0131klamalar yapt\u0131. Moon\u2019un bu \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 yeni de\u011fil. 2003-2008 y\u0131llar\u0131nda d\u00f6nemin devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 liberal demokrat partili Roh Moo-hyun\u2019un en yak\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma arkada\u015flar\u0131ndan biri olarak ge\u00e7mi\u015fte de bu y\u00f6nde bir e\u011filim sergiledi\u011fi biliniyor. Halk\u0131n ekonomik istikrar ve siyasi g\u00fcven tesisi vurgusuna tan\u0131k olunan se\u00e7im sonras\u0131nda istikrar ve g\u00fcvenin sadece \u00fclke i\u00e7inde de\u011fil, Kore Yar\u0131madas\u0131 ve Uzak Do\u011fu\u2019yu i\u00e7ine alacak bir geni\u015fleme g\u00f6sterme istidad\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu. Bu konuda yeni ba\u015fkan Moon\u2019un siyasi iradesi, halk\u0131n deste\u011finin k\u00fcresel akt\u00f6rlerce de dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 bekleniyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Mehmet \u00d6zay \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a013.05.2017 Do\u011fu Asya\u2019n\u0131n ekonomik mucizesiyle tan\u0131nan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1989,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1988","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-asya-pasifik","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1988","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1988"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1988\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1990,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1988\/revisions\/1990"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1989"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1988"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1988"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1988"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}