{"id":1228,"date":"2013-06-28T17:18:00","date_gmt":"2013-06-28T17:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost:8080\/ini\/?p=81"},"modified":"2013-06-28T17:18:00","modified_gmt":"2013-06-28T17:18:00","slug":"patani-patani-kadn-sultanlar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/patani-patani-kadn-sultanlar\/","title":{"rendered":"PATAN\u0130 – Patani Kad\u0131n Sultanlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
D\u00f6rt kad\u0131n sultan 1584-1686 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Patani\u2019nin b\u00f6lge ticaretinde s\u00f6z sahibi oldu\u011fu bir d\u00f6nemde h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir.Bu d\u00f6rt kad\u0131n sultan\u0131n adlar\u0131 tarihe ald\u0131klar\u0131 renklerle ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/div>\n
Ye\u015fil Sultan (1584-1616) <\/div>\n
Mavi Sultan (1617-1623)<\/div>\n
Mor Sultan (1624-1635)<\/div>\n
Sar\u0131 Sultan (1636-1686)<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Yirmi y\u0131l kadar s\u00fcren belirsizlik d\u00f6neminin ard\u0131ndan \u015fehrin ileri gelen ticaret elitinin anla\u015fmalar\u0131 sonucu Ye\u015fil Sultan (Raja Ijau<\/i>) l\u00e2kapl\u0131 kad\u0131n sultan otuz iki y\u0131l boyunca (1584-1616) Patani\u2019yi y\u00f6netmi\u015ftir. Kimi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda kocas\u0131 vefat eden Ye\u015fil Sultan\u2019\u0131n -ki bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada Nang Phya Pattani olarak zikredilir-, bir o\u011flu olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen- tahtta \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilir. Bu d\u00f6nemde, sultan\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck top d\u00f6kt\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve bu yerin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Patanililerce \u201ccannon foundry<\/i>\u201d olarak  bilindi\u011fi ifade edilir. Bu toplar\u0131n Hokkien kabilesine mensup ve Malay bir kad\u0131nla evli Lim Toh Khiem ad\u0131nda \u00c7inli taraf\u0131ndan d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc; her bir topa ad verildi\u011fi ve ilk topun ad\u0131n\u0131n Nang Pattani oldu\u011fu belirtilir.[1]<\/a>Bir ba\u015fka kaynak taise, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Madras\u2019da bulunan ve Siam toplar\u0131 olarak bilinen toplar\u0131n k\u00f6kenine dair yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. \u00dczerlerinde Hollanda Do\u011fu Hint \u015eirketi\u2019nin monogram\u0131 bulunan (VOC-Vereenigde Oostindishe Compaigne<\/i>) 1602 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu \u015firketin Patani\u2019de in\u015fa etti\u011fi at\u00f6lyeye dayand\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.[2]<\/a><\/div>\n
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Bu d\u00f6nem, \u00f6zellikle Patani\u2019nin b\u00f6lge deniz ticaretinde \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131llar olarak bilinir. Bu ba\u011flamda, Bat\u0131 Hindistan\u2019daki Surat, Goa, Coromandel\u2019den gelen ticaret gemileri \u00c7in ve Japon t\u00fcccarlarla ili\u015fkiler geli\u015ftirmeleri m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oluyordu.[3]<\/a>Ayn\u0131 y\u0131llarda, \u00f6rne\u011fin 1612 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ngilizlerin Patani\u2019de varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, say\u0131lar\u0131 500\u2019\u00fc bulan Avrupal\u0131lar b\u00f6lgenin ticari etkile\u015fimdeki \u00f6nemini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.[4]<\/a><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Erkeklerin hakim oldu\u011fu soylular\u0131n kad\u0131n sultanlar\u0131 tahtta \u00e7\u0131karma sebeplerinin ba\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6nceki d\u00f6nemdeki sultanlar\u0131n ticari faaliyetleri kendi lehlerine kullanmalar\u0131 ve aristokrasinin bu sistemden ho\u015fnutsuzlu\u011fu \u00f6nemli bir yer tutar.Bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli neden ise, aristokrasi aras\u0131ndaki hiziple\u015fmeden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc, bir erkek sultan \u00fczerinde ittifak kurulamamas\u0131n\u0131n da kayda de\u011fer bir \u00f6nemi vard\u0131r.Bu d\u00f6nemde, \u0130ngiliz ve Hollandal\u0131 t\u00fcccar gemileri ilk kez Patani liman\u0131nda ticari faaliyette bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r.Ard\u0131ndan 1616 y\u0131l\u0131nda k\u0131zkarde\u015fi Mavi Sultan (Raja Biru) l\u00e2kab\u0131yla tahtta \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve 1616-1624 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 1624 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc k\u0131zkarde\u015f Mor Sultan (Raja Ungu) l\u00e2kab\u0131n\u0131 alarak y\u00f6netimin ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Vefat\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan 1636 y\u0131l\u0131nda k\u0131z\u0131 Sar\u0131 Sultan (Raja Kuning) lakab\u0131yla tahtta \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve 1650\u2019li y\u0131llara kadar \u00fclkeyi y\u00f6netti. Bir ba\u015fka kaynakta ise Sar\u0131 Sultan\u2019\u0131n 1686\u2019ya kadar tahtta kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilir.[5]<\/a>Cohor Sultan\u0131 Abdulcelil\u2019in k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck karde\u015fi 1644 y\u0131l\u0131nda Patani Sultan\u0131 ile evlendi.[6]<\/a><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
32 y\u0131l boyunca iktidarda kalan ilk kad\u0131n sultan d\u00f6neminin uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkiler ve ticaretin geli\u015fmesinde \u00f6nemli rol\u00fc olmu\u015ftur.Bu y\u0131llar, do\u011fu ve bat\u0131dan \u00e7e\u015fitli uluslar\u0131n Patani liman\u0131nda ticaret yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Sarayla ikili ili\u015fkiler geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi y\u0131llar olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu ba\u011flamda, Japonya, \u0130ngiltere, Hollanda deniz ve ticaret g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sadece Patani Saray\u0131yla de\u011fil, birbirleriyle de ili\u015fkilerin geli\u015ftirilmesine olanak tan\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcm bu ili\u015fkiler Patani\u2019nin \u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn Avrupa\u2019ya kadar yay\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\u00d6rne\u011fin, 1592 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00f6nemin Japon kral\u0131 Tokugawa Iyeyasu Ye\u015fil Sultan\u2019a mektupla birlikte hediyeler g\u00f6ndermi\u015f, bunun kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 1592\u2019de ve de ard\u0131ndan 1602\u2019de Patani el\u00e7ileri Japonya\u2019y\u0131 ziyaret etmi\u015ftir. Patani Sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Japon Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda kurulan bu siyasi ve ekonomik ili\u015fkiler sonucu Japon Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 Siam ve \u0130ngilizlerle tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. 22 Haziran 1612 tarihinde \u0130ngiliz el\u00e7ileri d\u00f6nemin\u0130ngiliz kral\u0131 I. James ad\u0131na Patani sultan\u0131 ile anla\u015fma imzalarlar. Ard\u0131ndan, 1614 y\u0131l\u0131nda William Adams ile Japonya ziyaretinden hareketle, \u0130ngilizlerin do\u011fu denizlerinde Japonya ile ili\u015fkilerinin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil etti\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilir.Patani sahilleri bu y\u0131llarda, Avrupa g\u00fc\u00e7leri aras\u0131nda ve de Hollanda ve Japon g\u00fc\u00e7leri aras\u0131nda sava\u015flara tan\u0131k olmu\u015ftur.[7]<\/a><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
1600 y\u0131l\u0131nda, \u0130ngiliz john Smith, ilk Avrupal\u0131 saraya dan\u0131\u015fman olarak al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Mohd. Zameri\u2019nin aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131na gore, bu y\u0131llarda Patani\u2019ye gelen Hollandal\u0131lar, Patani\u2019yi elli ya\u015flar\u0131nda bir kad\u0131n sultan\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 13\/14 y\u0131l boyunca, kendisinden \u00f6nceki erkek sultandan daha adil y\u00f6netim sergiledi\u011fini ifade eder.1603 y\u0131l\u0131nda Siam Kral\u0131 Naresuan donanma ile Patani\u2019ye sald\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fczenlemi\u015f, ancak Patani g\u00fc\u00e7leri ve onlara yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan yabanc\u0131 ate\u015fli silahlara sahip yabanc\u0131 \u00f6zellikle de Japon t\u00fcccar gemilerinin deste\u011fiyle p\u00fcsk\u00fcrt\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.Patani\u2019nin tarihte sahip oldu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck toplarla me\u015fhur oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde gerek Patani saray\u0131nda gerekse yabanc\u0131 t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n deste\u011finin bu sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n p\u00fcsk\u00fcrt\u00fclmesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck rol\u00fc oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.Hayat\u0131 boyunca hi\u00e7 evlenmeyen Ye\u015fil Sultan 63 ya\u015f\u0131nda vefat\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan tahtta k\u0131z karde\u015fi ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.[8]<\/a><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\u0130kinci kad
\n\u0131n sultan, 1614 y\u0131l\u0131nda Pahang Sultan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n o\u011flu ile evlenmesi ile Patani ve Pahang aras\u0131nda akrabal\u0131k ba\u011f\u0131 kurulmu\u015ftur.[9]<\/a>Bu d\u00f6nemin \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmeleri aras\u0131nda Avrupal\u0131 ticaret g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin birbirleriyle rekabetleri olu\u015fturur.Hollandal\u0131larla n\u00fckseden \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u0130ngilizlerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ancak 1623 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar devam etmi\u015f vebu \u00e7\u0131kar \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131nPatani a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131nda bir deniz sava\u015f\u0131na kadar vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 vak\u2019idir. Hollandal\u0131lar iki \u0130ngiliz gemisine sald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. D\u00f6nemin Kad\u0131n Sultan\u0131 \u0130ngilizleri ve ticaret merkezlerini korumaya alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu geli\u015fme \u00fczerine Hollanda ticari ama\u00e7larla Patani\u2019ye yerle\u015fmi\u015f ancak bu k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli olmu\u015ftur.[10]<\/a>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc kad\u0131n sultan (Raja Ungu), Cohor sultan\u0131 Abdulcelil\u2019in o\u011fluyla evlenmesiyle Patani ve Cohor aras\u0131nda ili\u015fkilere yeni bir boyut kazand\u0131rd\u0131.[11]<\/a>Raja Ungu\u2019nun k\u0131z\u0131 Sar\u0131 Sultan lakab\u0131yla 1635 y\u0131l\u0131nda tahtta \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n
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[1]<\/a>C. A. Seymour Sewell, (1969). \u201cNotes on Some Old Siamese Guns\u201d, In The Journal of the Siam Society<\/i>, Vol. BV, Nendeln\/Liechtenstein: Kraus Reprint, s. 15-6. <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
[2]<\/a>C. A. Seymour Sewell, (1969). \u201cNotes on Some Old Siamese Guns\u201d, In The Journal of the Siam Society<\/i>, Vol. BV, Nendeln\/Liechtenstein: Kraus Reprint, s. 9. <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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[3]<\/a>\u201cSome Notes upon the Development of the Commerce of Siam\u201d, In The Journal of the Siam Society<\/i>, Vol. BV, Nendeln\/Liechtenstein: Kraus Reprint, s. 86. <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
[4]<\/a>\u201cSome Notes upon the Development of the Commerce of Siam\u201d, In The Journal of the Siam Society<\/i>, Vol. BV, Nendeln\/Liechtenstein: Kraus Reprint, s. 87. <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
[5]<\/a>Anthony Reid. (2003). \u201cCharismatic Queens of Southeast Asia\u201d, History Today<\/i>, June, 53, (6), s. 32; Mohd. Zameri A. Malek. (1993). Umat Islam Patani: Sejarah dan Politik<\/i>, Shah Alam: Hizbi, s. 72.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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[6]<\/a>D.G.E. Hall, A History of Southeast Asia<\/i>, 4. Bask\u0131, Hampshire: MacMillan, s. 372; Mohd. Zameri A. Malek. (1993). Umat Islam Patani: Sejarah dan Politik<\/i>, Shah Alam: Hizbi, s. 48.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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[7]<\/a>\u201cSome Notes upon the Development of the Commerce of Siam\u201d, In The Journal of the Siam Society<\/i>, Vol. XV, Nendeln\/Liechtenstein: Kraus Reprint, s. 82; Mohd. Zameri A. Malek. (1993). Umat Islam Patani: Sejarah dan Politik<\/i>, Shah Alam: Hizbi, s. 50, 60.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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[8]<\/a>Mohd. Zameri A. Malek. (1993). Umat Islam Patani: Sejarah dan Politik<\/i>, Shah Alam: Hizbi, s. 49, 50, 59. <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
[9]<\/a>Mohd. Zameri A. Malek. (1993). Umat Islam Patani: Sejarah dan Politik<\/i>, Shah Alam: Hizbi, s. 61. <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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[10]<\/a>\u201cSome Notes upon the Development of the Commerce of Siam\u201d, In The Journal of the Siam Society<\/i>, Vol. XV, Nendeln\/Liechtenstein: Kraus Reprint, s. 88-9; D.G.E. Hall, A History of Southeast Asia<\/i>, 4. Bask\u0131, Hampshire: MacMillan, s. 383, 530.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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[11]<\/a>Mohd. Zameri A. Malek. (1993). Umat Islam Patani: Sejarah dan Politik<\/i>, Shah Alam: Hizbi, s. 64. <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

le=’\ufffd\ufffdW\ufffdb\ufffdd\ufffd\ufffdP\ufffd\t\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\tyle:normal’>Understanding Conflict and Approaching Peace in Southern Thailand, (eds.) Imtiyaz Yusuf&Lars Peter Schmidt, Bangkok: Konrad Adenauer Stiftung,  s. 96.  <\/p>\n

\n
[5]<\/a>Supara Janchitfah. (2003). Violence in The Mist: Reporting on the Presence on Pain in Southern Thailand<\/i>, Bangkok: Kobfai Publishing Project, s. 61. <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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[6]<\/a>Kobkua Suwannathat-Pian. (1988). Thai-Malay Relations: Traditional Intra-Regional Relations from the Seventeenth to the Early Twentieth Centuries<\/i>, Singapore: Obford University Press, s. 75.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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[7]<\/a>Duncan McCargo. (2009). Tearing Apart The Land: Islam and Legitimacy in Southern Thailand<\/i>, Singapore: National University of Singapore Press,s. 61.  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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[8]<\/a>Scot Barm\u00e9. (1993). Luang Wichit Wathakan and the Creation of a Thai Identity<\/i>, Social Issues in Southeast Asia, Signapore: ISEAS, s. 4. <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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[9]<\/a>Patrick Jory. (2007). s. 7. <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
[10]<\/a>Surin Pitsuwan. (2006). \u201cKeynote Address-The Cosmology of the Southern Conflict\u201d, In Understanding Conflict and Approaching Peace in Southern Thailand<\/i>, (eds.) Imtiyaz Yusuf&Lars Peter Schmidt, Bangkok: Konrad Adenauer Stiftung, s. 284-5, 288. <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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[11]<\/a>Supara Janchitfah. (2003). Violence in The Mist: Reporting on the Presence on Pain in Southern Thailand<\/i>, Bangkok: Kobfai Publishing Project, s. 47; Mariya Johanna Futchs. (1970). A Comparative Study of Thai and Filipino Muslims<\/i>, Master Thesis, Washington: The American University, s. 24.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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[12]<\/a>Nik Anuar Nik Mahmud. (2008). The Malays of Patani: The Search for Security and Independence<\/i>, Kuala Lumpur: MPH Group Printing, s. 48. <\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

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[13]<\/a>Chaiwat-Satha-Anand. (2006). \u201cThe Silence of The ullet Monument: Violence and Truth Management, Dusun-Nyor 1948 and Kru-Ze 2004\u201d, In Critical Asian Studies<\/i>, 38 (1), Roudledge, s. 12, 17-8.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u00f6rt kad\u0131n sultan 1584-1686 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Patani\u2019nin b\u00f6lge ticaretinde s\u00f6z sahibi oldu\u011fu bir d\u00f6nemde h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir.Bu d\u00f6rt kad\u0131n sultan\u0131n adlar\u0131 tarihe ald\u0131klar\u0131 renklerle ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Ye\u015fil Sultan (1584-1616) Mavi Sultan (1617-1623) Mor Sultan (1624-1635) Sar\u0131 Sultan (1636-1686) Yirmi y\u0131l kadar s\u00fcren belirsizlik d\u00f6neminin ard\u0131ndan \u015fehrin ileri gelen ticaret elitinin anla\u015fmalar\u0131 sonucu Ye\u015fil Sultan (Raja Ijau) l\u00e2kapl\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1228","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-patani"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1228","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1228"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1228\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1228"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1228"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1228"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}