{"id":1110,"date":"2012-05-25T02:41:00","date_gmt":"2012-05-25T02:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost:8080\/ini\/?p=280"},"modified":"2016-10-10T08:24:48","modified_gmt":"2016-10-10T08:24:48","slug":"myanmarda-reform-ve-gelecegi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/myanmarda-reform-ve-gelecegi\/","title":{"rendered":"Myanmar\u2019da Reform ve Gelece\u011fi"},"content":{"rendered":"
Mehmet \u00d6zay \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a020 May\u0131s 2012<\/b><\/div>\n
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\nSon d\u00f6nemde reformcu e\u011filimler ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc geli\u015fmeler ile dikkat \u00e7eken Myanmar\u2019da gelece\u011fin nas\u0131l \u015fekillenece\u011fi konusunda farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu hususa de\u011finmeden \u00f6nce, Myanmar\u2019da ba\u015fg\u00f6steren reformcu ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc e\u011filim \u00fclke i\u00e7i dinamikler, diyelim ki, muhalefet partisi ve ba\u015f\u0131ndaki Suu Kyi\u2019nin direni\u015finin bir sonucu olarak yorumlanabilece\u011fi gibi, hakim askeri rejim i\u00e7erisinde olu\u015fan blokla\u015fmalar\u0131n bir sonucu \u015feklinde de izah edilebilir. Bu ikilinin elbette d\u0131\u015fsal fakt\u00f6rlerden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z hareket kabiliyetlerini geli\u015ftirebilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek hatal\u0131 olur.\u00a0 Bu ba\u011flamda, \u201crejim i\u00e7erisinde \u00c7in ve ABD kampla\u015fmas\u0131 var m\u0131?\u201d sorusunu sorabiliriz. B\u00f6yle bir soru sorma hakk\u0131n\u0131n, uzun s\u00fcredir devam eden \u00c7in merkezli yakla\u015f\u0131ma alternatif bulma \u00e7abas\u0131yla ilgili oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/div>\n
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Yukar\u0131da de\u011findi\u011fimiz, Myanmar\u2019\u0131n yak\u0131n ve orta vadesinde belirleyici olacak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere gelelim. Bunlar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi b\u00f6lgesel ve \u00fclke baz\u0131nda Myanmar\u2019a yakla\u015f\u0131mlarda belirginlik kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. \u00d6yle ki, ad\u0131na k\u00fcresel kapitalizm denilen olgu yekpare bir nitelik olarak de\u011ferlendirilemeyece\u011finden ve de kendi i\u00e7erisinde \u00e7e\u015fitli da\u011f\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131yla nedeniyle, i\u015f yeni bir b\u00f6lge veya \u00fclkenin bu evreye ili\u015fkilendirilmesine geldi\u011finde rekabet\u00e7i ve hatta \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmac\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz.<\/div>\n
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\u00d6rne\u011fin, son \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131ld\u0131r Myanmar\u2019da d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm oryantasyonunda ba\u015f rol\u00fc oynayan ABD, bug\u00fcn ekonomik prati\u011finde Japonya, Kanada ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fclkelerinin gerisinde kal\u0131yor. Bu geri kal\u0131\u015fta, ilintili \u00fclkelerin b\u00f6lge \u00fczerinde tesis ettikleri tarihi tecr\u00fcbelerinin katk\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011funa ku\u015fku yok. Amerika\u2019y\u0131 bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te geri b\u0131rakan, \u201cinsan haklar\u0131 ihlalleri\u201d \u00fczerindeki hassasiyetleri ile dikkat \u00e7eken ve \u00e7oktan \u00fccra k\u00f6\u015felere ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f olan sivil olu\u015fumlar. Bu olu\u015fumlar\u0131n, Obama y\u00f6netimi \u00fczerinde kurduklar\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6keninde etnik \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ve ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n halen s\u00fcr\u00fcyor olmas\u0131n\u0131n yeri tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaz. Amerikan y\u00f6netiminin dikkate ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir di\u011fer husus ise Myanmar\u2019daki devlet kurumsalla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n istikrarl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde hayata ge\u00e7irilmesiyle al\u00e2kal\u0131. Ancak her \u00fclkenin bu konuda ayn\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m sergileyip sergilemedi\u011fi de bir kayg\u0131 konusu. \u00dclke kaynaklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde, \u00f6zellikle asker ve sivil i\u015fbirlik\u00e7ilerinin \u201ctekelci e\u011filimlerinin\u201d ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6neminde de s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu gibi \u00fclkelerde, do\u011fal kaynaklar \u00fczerindeki tasarruflar\u0131n do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131 \u201crefah\u0131n\u201d geni\u015f halk kitleleri lehine de\u011fil, d\u00fcn\u00fcn zorbalar\u0131na gidece\u011fi kesin.<\/div>\n
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Sivil olu\u015fumlar\u0131n \u201cinsani\u201d insiyaklardan olu\u015fan tepkilerine il\u00e2ve olarak bir ba\u015fka \u00e7ekince de bug\u00fcnk\u00fc tart\u0131\u015fmalarda yer al\u0131yor. Kimi Myanmar uzmanlar\u0131n\u0131n dile getirdi\u011fi bu husus gerek uluslararas\u0131 kurumlar gerekse \u00fclke baz\u0131nda Myanmar\u2019a akacak yat\u0131r\u0131m olanaklar\u0131n\u0131n varsay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere geni\u015f kitlelere de\u011fil, t\u0131pk\u0131 di\u011fer G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya \u00fclkelerinde oldu\u011fu gibi ekonomik sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn \u00f6nemli alanlar\u0131nda at oynatan ve bu \u00f6zellikleri ile Myanmar orta s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131nda k\u0131ymet-\u00ee harbiyesi olan \u00c7inlilere yarayaca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerine kurulu. Bunu 26 Aral\u0131k 2004\u2019den ba\u015flayarak bug\u00fcne kadar uzanan s\u00fcre\u00e7te A\u00e7e\u2019deki \u201ckalk\u0131nma-yard\u0131m\u201d ikilisinin hayata ge\u00e7irili\u015finde g\u00f6rmemiz, Myanmar\u2019daki s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 anlamland\u0131rmam\u0131z\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Kald\u0131 ki, \u00c7in devleti G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya \u00fclkelerindeki vatanda\u015flar\u0131 aras\u0131nda milliyet\u00e7i ayg\u0131tlar\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7irmese de, s\u0131radan \u00c7inliler aras\u0131nda var olan \u201ce\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcml\u00fc hareket kabiliyeti\u201d, \u00c7in devletindekiler kadar, b\u00f6lgenin di\u011fer \u00fclkelerindeki \u00c7inli orta s\u0131n\u0131f ve yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n Myanmarl\u0131 \u201c\u0131rkda\u015flar\u0131na\u201d yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131nda ba\u015fat rol oynacakt\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte bu, t\u0131pk\u0131 birka\u00e7 on y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinde Cakarta\u2019da \u00c7inli orta s\u0131n\u0131fa kar\u015f\u0131 giri\u015filen harekette oldu\u011fu gibi Myanmar\u2019da bir ba\u015fka fitilin ate\u015flenmesi anlam\u0131na gelecektir. Ekonominin ve \u0131rksal arka pl\u00e2n\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmac\u0131 e\u011filimleri g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r.<\/div>\n
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K\u00fcresel sermayenin ili\u015fkili oldu\u011fu ulus-a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 dev olu\u015fumlar Myanmar\u2019\u0131n bakir kaynaklar\u0131na g\u00f6z dikerken, do\u011facak ekonomik vars\u0131ll\u0131ktan kimlerin ne kadar pay alaca\u011f\u0131 hususu dikkatlere sunulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, bu geli\u015fmelerin sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel vechesinde nas\u0131l bir y\u00f6nelimde seyredece\u011fi de kimsenin umurunda de\u011fil. \u00d6zellikle ekonomik kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesinde \u00e7ok etnikli bir yap\u0131 arz eden \u00fclkede uzun y\u0131llar memnuniyetsiz etnik yap\u0131lar\u0131n sisteme entegrasyonunda nas\u0131l bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 izlenece\u011fi de yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmay\u0131 bekleyen \u00f6nemli hususlardan. Yani i\u015f, Suu Kyi\u2019nin parlamento da temsiliyle veya diyelim ki, yak\u0131n bir gelecekte kabine de yer almas\u0131yla bitmiyor. Suu Kyi, \u00fclkede yap\u0131c\u0131 bir rol oynayacaksa etnik unsurlar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 merkeze kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6ncellemesinde yat\u0131yor. Merkezde \u201cdemokrasi balay\u0131n\u0131n\u201d ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fu g\u00fcnlerde \u00fclkenin d\u00f6rt bir s\u0131n\u0131r boyundaki etnik unsurlar \u00fczerindeki asker bask\u0131s\u0131 devam etmesi s\u00fcrecin hen\u00fcz bu halklar nezdinde arzu edilir d\u00fczeye gelmedi\u011finin g\u00f6stergesi konumunda.<\/div>\n
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ABD kaynakl\u0131 kurumlar siyasi reformalara eklemlenecek ekonomik reformlar\u0131n getirisinin halk\u0131n geni\u015f kesimlerine yans\u0131yaca\u011f\u0131 sinyalini vermeye ba\u015flayadursun, Myanmar\u2019\u0131n yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015ften tevar\u00fcs etti\u011fi sosyal yap\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde bu payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n ne minvalde olaca\u011f\u0131 dikkatlerden \u0131rak tutulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu arizi bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ile kimi manip\u00fclasyonlara kap\u0131 aralaca\u011f\u0131 da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/div>\n
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Myanmar\u2019da \u201cd\u00fczenin kurulma\u201d s\u00fcrecinde Bengalde\u015f s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131ndaki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman halk\u0131n halklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ncellenmesi en az\u0131ndan geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmamas\u0131 ad\u0131na ne gibi giri\u015fimlerin yap\u0131labilece\u011fi konusu \u00fczerinde durulmay\u0131 gerektiriyor. Ancak bug\u00fcne kadarki yap\u0131la\u015fan kurumsal tecr\u00fcbeler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Arakanl\u0131lar\u0131n arzu edilir bir uluslararas\u0131 deste\u011fi alabileceklerinden ku\u015fku duymuyor de\u011filiz. \u00d6te yandan, Arakan\u2019\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin ne kadar kapsam alan\u0131nda oldu\u011fu \u015f\u00fcheli. En az\u0131ndan, bir \u00e7aba ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecekse bunun ASEAN nezdindeki giri\u015fimlerle ilintilendiri
\nlmesinin, yani G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131na topyek\u00fcn bakman\u0131n yaran\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekmek isteriz. G\u00f6z\u00fcken o ki, Arakanl\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 \u015fartlardan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolunu, ancak Arakanl\u0131lar\u0131n kendisi bulabilir. Bunun i\u00e7in duadan ba\u015fka se\u00e7enek de g\u00f6z\u00fckm\u00fcyor.<\/div>\n
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http:\/\/www.dunyabulteni.net\/?aType=haber&ArticleID=210584<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a020 May\u0131s 2012 Son d\u00f6nemde reformcu e\u011filimler ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc geli\u015fmeler ile dikkat \u00e7eken Myanmar\u2019da gelece\u011fin nas\u0131l \u015fekillenece\u011fi konusunda farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu hususa de\u011finmeden \u00f6nce, Myanmar\u2019da ba\u015fg\u00f6steren reformcu ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc e\u011filim \u00fclke i\u00e7i dinamikler, diyelim ki, muhalefet partisi ve ba\u015f\u0131ndaki Suu Kyi\u2019nin direni\u015finin bir sonucu olarak yorumlanabilece\u011fi gibi, hakim […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1538,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1110","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-myanmar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1110","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1110"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1110\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1539,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1110\/revisions\/1539"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1538"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1110"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1110"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1110"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}