{"id":1094,"date":"2012-05-11T02:30:00","date_gmt":"2012-05-11T02:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost:8080\/ini\/?p=304"},"modified":"2012-05-11T02:30:00","modified_gmt":"2012-05-11T02:30:00","slug":"16-ve-20-yuzyillar-arasinda-bolgedeki","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/16-ve-20-yuzyillar-arasinda-bolgedeki\/","title":{"rendered":"16. ve 20. Y\u00dcZYILLAR ARASINDA B\u00d6LGEDEK\u0130 AVRUPALI S\u00d6M\u00dcRGEC\u0130LER"},"content":{"rendered":"

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16. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131ndan itibaren Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n d\u00fcnya denizlerine a\u00e7\u0131lma projeleri ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fmas\u0131yla d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda siyasi, ekonomik ili\u015fkilerde b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fimler meydana gelmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. 16. y\u00fczy\u0131lda b\u00f6lgeye gelen ilk Avrupal\u0131 millet, Hindistan\u2019da Goa, Malezya\u2019da Malaka, Endonezya\u2019da Ambon ve Timor, \u00c7in\u2019de Macau gibi \u015fehirlerde ticari koloniler kuran Portekizliler oldu. Bu ba\u011flamda, Portekizli Albuquerque\u2019nun 1511 y\u0131l\u0131nda Malaka \u015fehrini ele ge\u00e7irmesi Avrupal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerin G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya\u2019daki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 y\u0131l\u0131 kabul edilir.[1]<\/a><\/div>\n
16. y\u00fczy\u0131lda n\u00fcveleri g\u00f6r\u00fclen s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik giri\u015fimleri, 17. y\u00fczy\u0131lda G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya\u2019n\u0131n da bulundu\u011fu d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6lgelerinde hakimiyet s\u00fcrecine girdi.[2]<\/a>Portekizlilerin ard\u0131ndan Hollanda ve \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin b\u00f6lgedeki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lge ticaretine hakim olmakt\u0131. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, 16. ve 17. y\u00fczy\u0131l ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda, A\u00e7e Dar\u00fcsselam Sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sahip oldu\u011fu \u00f6nemli siyasal g\u00fc\u00e7ten dolay\u0131, \u00e7e\u015fitli Avrupa krall\u0131klar\u0131 A\u00e7e ile ili\u015fkiler kurdu.<\/div>\n
Katolik Portekizlilerin d\u00fcnya genelinde oldu\u011fu gibi, G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya\u2019n\u0131n bu b\u00f6lgesinde de 17. y\u00fczy\u0131lla birlikte n\u00fcfuzu azalmaya ba\u015flarken, yerini Protestan Hollanda ve \u0130ngiltere ald\u0131. 21 Haziran 1599 tarihinde, Cornelis de Houtman ve karde\u015fi Frederick y\u00f6netiminde bir Hollanda ticaret gemisi Banda A\u00e7e liman\u0131na girdi. Portekizlilerin provakosyonu sonucunda gemiye yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131 \u00fczerine, Cornelis hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f, karde\u015fi de esir d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. 1602 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Hollanda Prensi Maurits\u2019in el\u00e7isi olarak Gerard de Rooy A\u00e7e\u2019yi ziyaret etti ve iki devlet aras\u0131nda dostane ili\u015fkiler kurulmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla A\u00e7e Sultan\u0131 ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu talep A\u00e7e Sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan uygun g\u00f6r\u00fclerek kabul edildi. 1602 y\u0131l\u0131 Haziran ay\u0131 ba\u015flar\u0131nda ise, bu sefer \u0130ngiliz Krali\u00e7esi I. Elizabeth taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6nderilen \u0130ngiliz el\u00e7iler A\u00e7e\u2019ye vard\u0131 ve \u0130ngiltere ile A\u00e7e Sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda i\u015fbirli\u011fi anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzaland\u0131.[3]<\/a>17. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n hemen ba\u015flar\u0131nda \u0130ngiltere Do\u011fu Hint \u015eirketi ile Hollanda Do\u011fu Hint \u015eirketi kuruldu.[4]<\/a><\/div>\n

Hollandal\u0131lar ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta yerel krall\u0131klarla ticari ili\u015fkiler kurdular; ancak temel ama\u00e7lar\u0131 Avrupa baharat ticaretini tekellerine almak oldu\u011fundan, zamanla s\u00f6z konusu krall\u0131klar\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rma politikas\u0131na ba\u015fvurdular. Bunun bir g\u00f6stergesi olarak 1619\u2019da bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ba\u015fkent Cakarta\u2019n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu Jayakarta\u2019y\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irdiler, \u015fehri yerle bir ederek Batavia<\/i> ad\u0131yla s\u00f6m\u00fcrge ba\u015fkentlerini kurdular. <\/p>\n


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[1]<\/a>Luc Nagtegaal, Riding The Dutch Tiger -The Ducth East Indies Company and The NortheastCoast of Java 1680-1743-<\/i>, \u00c7ev.: Beverley Jackson, KITLV Press, Leiden, 1996, s. 10; D. G. E. Hall, A History of South-East Asia<\/i>, Third Edition, The Macmillan Press Ltd., London, 1976, s. 725. <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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<\/a> [3]<\/a>M. C. Ricklefs, Sejarah Indonesia Modern 1200-2004<\/i>, Serambi, 2004, s. 75. <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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[4]<\/a>Chester A. Bain, The Far East<\/i>, Littlefield Adams&Co, Paterson, New Jersey, Third Edition, 1962, s. 33; Louis Fischer, The Story of Indonesia<\/i>, s. 5.  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

16. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131ndan itibaren Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n d\u00fcnya denizlerine a\u00e7\u0131lma projeleri ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fmas\u0131yla d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda siyasi, ekonomik ili\u015fkilerde b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fimler meydana gelmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. 16. y\u00fczy\u0131lda b\u00f6lgeye gelen ilk Avrupal\u0131 millet, Hindistan\u2019da Goa, Malezya\u2019da Malaka, Endonezya\u2019da Ambon ve Timor, \u00c7in\u2019de Macau gibi \u015fehirlerde ticari koloniler kuran Portekizliler oldu. Bu ba\u011flamda, Portekizli Albuquerque\u2019nun 1511 y\u0131l\u0131nda Malaka \u015fehrini ele ge\u00e7irmesi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1094","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ace"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1094","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1094"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1094\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1094"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1094"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/tr_tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1094"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}