Uzun s\u00fcredir g\u00fcndemde olan Cakarta Valisi Joko Widodo\u2019nun ba\u015fkan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131. Jokowi\u2019nin adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u201cEndonezya Demokratik M\u00fccadele Partisi\u201d (PDI-P)\u2019nin kurucuus ve hamisi Megawati Sukarnoputri taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7im kampanyas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn il\u00e2n edildi. Se\u00e7imlerin Jokowi ile nas\u0131l bir y\u00f6nelim sergileyece\u011fine bakmadan \u00f6nce, se\u00e7imlere dair baz\u0131 bilgileri aktarmakta fayda var.<\/p>\n
Endonezya\u2019da genel se\u00e7imlere birka\u00e7 hafta kald\u0131. 9 Nisan\u2019da ulusal parlamentodaki 550 milletvekilli\u011fi i\u00e7in 12 siyasi parti yar\u0131\u015facak. \u00dclke siyasal ya\u015fam\u0131nda devlet partisi h\u00fcviyetindeki Golkar, ve 1980\u2019li y\u0131llardan bu yana siyasal ya\u015famda yer alan \u201cUlusal Kalk\u0131nma Partisi\u201d (PPP) d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda di\u011fer partiler Suhartolu y\u0131llar\u0131n sonunda, yani 1999 ve sonras\u0131nda kurulan partilerden olu\u015fuyor. Partilerden biri yani, Ulusal Demokrat (NasDem) yeni parti olarak \u00fclke siyasetinde yer al\u0131yor. \u00d6nceki se\u00e7imlerle k\u0131yasland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda parti say\u0131s\u0131nda bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6zleniyor.<\/p>\n
Ancak bunun siyaset yapma bi\u00e7iminde bir kaliteyi getirip getirmedi\u011fi ise tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131. Uzmanlar bu say\u0131y\u0131 bile \u00e7ok bulurken, kimi g\u00f6zlemciler se\u00e7menlerin ilgilerinin kendi ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011fundan hareketle kaliteli bir siyasal ya\u015fam\u0131 tetikleyecek unsurlar\u0131n tabanda yer almamas\u0131na g\u00f6nderme yap\u0131yorlar. \u00d6yle ki, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki g\u00fcnlerde yap\u0131lacak se\u00e7imlerde birka\u00e7 parti d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda t\u00fcm partiler \u2018pop\u00fcler\u2019 adaylara y\u00f6nelmeyi ve b\u00f6ylece ba\u015fta gen\u00e7 se\u00e7men olmak \u00fczere geni\u015f toplum kesimlerinden \u2018pop\u00fcler\u2019 ol almay\u0131 hedeflemi\u015f g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor. Bunun somut nedeni ise 29 milyon yeni ve gen\u00e7 se\u00e7menin sand\u0131k ba\u015f\u0131na gidece\u011fi hesab\u0131. Buna ilave olarak, \u0130statistik kurumu verileri dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00fclke genel n\u00fcfusunun yakla\u015f\u0131k 54 milyonunu olu\u015fturan 17 il\u00e2 29 ya\u015f grubunun -ki n\u00fcfusun %29\u2019una tekab\u00fcl ediyor- yabana at\u0131l\u0131r bir se\u00e7men grubu de\u011fil.<\/p>\n
Endonezya\u2019da se\u00e7im kampanyas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk g\u00fcn, PDI-P\u2019nin hamisi Megawati Sukarnoputri partinin ba\u015fkan aday\u0131n\u0131 da a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131: Joko Widowo. Bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce de dile getirdi\u011fimiz \u00fczere, Jokowi\u2019nin adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 asl\u0131nda hangi partiler aras\u0131nda koalisyonun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fece\u011fiyle de yak\u0131ndan ilintiliydi. PDI-P\u2019den bu adayl\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131, sessiz sedas\u0131z Megawati\u2019nin ani \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve de di\u011fer potansiyel devlet ba\u015fkanlar\u0131 adaylar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 meydan okuma olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilir. Jokowi ad\u0131yla tan\u0131nan Cakarta Valisi\u2019nin 2014-2019 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Devlet Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ad\u0131 neredeyse bir y\u0131ld\u0131r g\u00fcndemdeydi. Gazetecilerin y\u00f6neltti\u011fi sorulara, Ba\u015fkanl\u0131kla ilgilenmedi\u011fini ve Cakarta\u2019y\u0131 y\u00f6netmekle me\u015fgul oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen Jokowi, Cakarta Valilik g\u00f6revinde daha ikinci y\u0131l\u0131 dolmadan ulusal siyasetin oda\u011f\u0131na oturdu.<\/p>\n
Bu geli\u015fme, Jokowi\u2019nin siyasetteki k\u0131sa tarihinde bir tekrar anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor. T\u0131pk\u0131 Orta Cava\u2019da tarihi Surakarta \u015fehri Belediye Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ikinci d\u00f6neminde daha g\u00f6revini bitirmeden Cakarta Valili\u011fi\u2019ne adayl\u0131 ve kazanmas\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi benzer bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 izliyor. Ancak hen\u00fcz bu s\u00fcrecin ilk safhas\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. \u0130kinci, yani Ba\u015fkan olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nce 9 Nisan\u2019daki parlamento ve ard\u0131ndan muhtemelen Haziran ay\u0131n\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak do\u011frudan\u00a0 ba\u015fkanl\u0131k se\u00e7imi sonunda belli olacak.<\/p>\n
Megawati gibi bir muhalefet liderinin ni\u00e7in \u2018ba\u015fkan aday\u0131\u2019 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmamas\u0131 \u00f6nemli. \u00d6yle ki, bu kad\u0131n siyaset\u00e7i, modern Endonezya siyasetinde 1980\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan itibaren Suharto\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 muhalefetin \u00f6nemli isimlerinden biriydi. \u00d6nceki yaz\u0131larda de\u011findik. Ancak k\u0131saca hat\u0131rlatmakta fayda var. \u00dclkenin kurucu babas\u0131 Sukarno\u2019nun k\u0131z\u0131 Megawati, 2001-2004 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli Devlet Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan\u00a0 2004 ve 2009 y\u0131llar\u0131ndaki se\u00e7imlerde ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu. Ard\u0131ndan partinin ba\u015f\u0131na k\u0131z\u0131 Mariana ge\u00e7se de, \u00fclkenin siyasal gelene\u011finde k\u00f6k salm\u0131\u015f bir uygulama olarak partinin \u2018manevi b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019 olarak etkisini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc. Kimi g\u00f6zlemciler, bu d\u00f6nem partinin ba\u015fkan aday\u0131 olarak k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ece\u011fini tahmin ediyordu. Ancak Megawati, Parti\u2019nin siyasi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u201cy\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7abuk parlayan\u201d Jokowi ile devam ettirebilece\u011fini iyi okumu\u015f olmal\u0131 ki, ne kendisi ne de k\u0131z\u0131 ba\u015fkanl\u0131k yar\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Asl\u0131nda \u201cJokowi ad\u0131n\u0131n\u201d aday olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 erken olarak de\u011ferlendirebilir. Bununla birlikte, PDI-P\u2019nin bu \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n, di\u011fer potansiyel ba\u015fkan adaylar\u0131n\u0131n ve de partilerin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc alma gibi bir y\u00f6n\u00fc oldu\u011funa \u015f\u00fcphe yok. \u00d6yle ki, son bir y\u0131lda Jokowi ad\u0131n\u0131 duyup da tabiri caizse \u2018irkilmeyen\u2019 lider yoktu. Bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda da Prabowo Subianto geliyor. Prabowo, her ne kadar, \u201cJokowi benim sayemde Cakarta Valisi oldu\u201d dese de, Jokowi\u2019nin arkas\u0131nda kimler oldu\u011fu olduk\u00e7a geni\u015f. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir mobilya t\u00fcccar\u0131 olan Jokowi\u2019yi Surakarta Belediye Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na ta\u015f\u0131yan PDI-P\u2019nin Surakarta\u2019daki \u00f6nemli ismi Hadi Rudyatmo\u2019dan, onu Cakarta Valili\u011fi\u2019ne ta\u015f\u0131yanlar aras\u0131nda Yusuf Kalla, Megawati ve Prabowo\u2019nun ad\u0131n\u0131 zikretmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Bu isimler, Jokowi ad\u0131n\u0131 bizzat \u2018kendilerinin\u2019 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylese de, tek tek ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u2018m\u00fcdahalelerden\u2019 ziyade, ortada bir \u2018Jokowi ittifak\u0131\u2019n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilebilir.<\/p>\n
Bunun g\u00f6stergelerinden biri, yukar\u0131da ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en ve ge\u00e7meyen ba\u015fkan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kamuoyuyla payla\u015fm\u0131\u015f veya bu haz\u0131rl\u0131k i\u00e7erisindeki liderlerin ge\u00e7en zaman zarf\u0131nda \u015fu veya bu \u015fekilde kendilerini veya birtak\u0131m \u00e7evrelerin \u2018siyasi yak\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131yla\u2019 Jokowi ad\u0131yla birlikte an\u0131lmaktan memnuniyet duyuyorlard\u0131. \u00dclkenin k\u00f6kl\u00fc partisi Golkar\u2019\u0131n A\u00e7e Eyaleti Ba\u015fkan\u0131 S\u00fcleyman Abda\u2019ya \u201cNedir bu siyaset\u00e7iyi \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karan?\u201d diye sordu\u011fumda, \u201cAsl\u0131nda Jokowi ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir siyaset\u00e7i de\u011fil. Ancak halkla i\u00e7 i\u00e7e olmas\u0131 en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fi gibi g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor. Buna, birilerinin pohpohlamas\u0131 ve bas\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6nelimini de eklersek, ortaya bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Jokowi \u00e7\u0131kar\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015fti. Geni\u015f halk kitleleri, bug\u00fcne kadar \u00fclke siyasetinde asker-siyaset\u00e7i ve zengin i\u015fbirli\u011finden pek de ba\u015fka bir a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ma tan\u0131k olmad\u0131klar\u0131ndan, habersizce yan\u0131 ba\u015flar\u0131nda dikiliveren bir siyaset\u00e7iye \u2018naif bir sempatiyle\u2019 yakla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131na ku\u015fku yok. Jokowi\u2019nin bu \u2018duru\u015fu\u2019 siyaset\u00e7iler arenas\u0131na yeni bir \u2018marka\u2019 olarak girdi\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki de\u011ferlerdirmelere hak vermek gerekiyor. Bununla birlikte, Jokowi\u2019nin \u00f6nce Belediye ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ikinci d\u00f6nemi sona ermeden Cakarta valili\u011fine s\u0131\u00e7ramas\u0131, akabinde Cakarta gibi bir metporol\u00fcn valili\u011fi g\u00f6revinde hen\u00fcz ikinci y\u0131l\u0131 dolmadan \u00fclkenin devlet ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na aday olmas\u0131 ne t\u00fcr hizmetlerle geni\u015f kitlelere y\u00f6nelebildi\u011fi sorusuna verilebilecek cevab\u0131 mu\u011flak b\u0131rak\u0131yor. Jokowi\u2019nin bireysel \u2018duru\u015fu\u2019, siyasi para<\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan, bu a\u00e7\u0131klaman\u0131n \u00fclke siyasal ya\u015fam\u0131nda yeni bir d\u00f6neme i\u015faret etti\u011fini bir kez daha vurgulamakta fayda var. Jokowi, bir parti ba\u015fkan\u0131 de\u011fil, partinin alt katmanlar\u0131ndan m\u00fccadeleyde \u00fcst d\u00fczey kadrolar\u0131 aras\u0131na yerle\u015fmi\u015f ve siyasetin her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u2018detay\u0131n\u0131\u2019 bilen biri olarak oradan da \u201cimk\u00e2nlar\u0131\u201d de\u011ferlendirmesiyle \u00fclke siyasal ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n oda\u011f\u0131na s\u0131\u00e7ram\u0131\u015f de\u011fil. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, ana ak\u0131m siyaset\u00e7i tipolojisinden son derece farkl\u0131 bu aday\u0131n \u00fclke siyasetine katabilecekleri konusunda bir\u015feyler s\u00f6ylemek i\u00e7in beklemek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n
Bunu s\u00f6ylerken, \u2018Jokowi\u2019nin se\u00e7ilece\u011fini nereden biliyorsun?\u201d sorusu da gelebilir tabii. Ancak Jokowi\u2019nin k\u0131sa siyasi ya\u015fam\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda \u2018g\u00fcn\u00fc kurtaran\u2019 bir siyaset\u00e7i, \u2018siyasetin medya-i\u015f \u00e7evreleri-nepotizm\u2019 ve de yolsuzluk gibi \u00fclke siyasal \u00a0ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7kin oldu\u011fu \u201ckurallar\u0131na\u201d e\u011filim g\u00f6stermedi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Aksine, birileri ona \u201cmuhta\u00e7m\u0131\u015fcas\u0131na\u201d bir atmosferin olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu ve bu atmosferin de \u201cal\u00e7akg\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc\u201d Jokowi\u2019nin giderek her seferinde siyasi stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn ilerleme kaydetti\u011fine ge\u00e7en y\u0131llar \u015fahit. Yukar\u0131da de\u011findi\u011fimiz, geleneksel siyaset\u00e7i tipolojisine uymayan yap\u0131s\u0131 ile Jokowi halk\u0131n g\u00f6nl\u00fcnde taht kurdu. Halk\u0131n kendinden birini siyaset sahnesinde g\u00f6rmesi onun ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 kalibresine pek de bakmadan g\u00fcncel ya\u015fam\u0131n getirdi\u011fi sorunlara yakla\u015f\u0131m ve varsa \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri noktas\u0131nda Jokowi\u2019de bulduklar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k sempati d\u00fczeyinden siyasal destek d\u00fczeyine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u0130\u015fte tam da bu nokta son bir y\u0131ld\u0131r yap\u0131lan kamuoyu yoklamalar\u0131nda Jokowi ad\u0131n\u0131n ilk s\u0131rada hem de potansiyel rakipleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda epeyce \u00f6nde yer almas\u0131na neden oldu. Megawati\u2019nin daha se\u00e7im kampanyas\u0131n\u0131n ilk g\u00fcn\u00fcnde biraz da s\u00fcpriz bir \u015fekilde \u201cJokowi, PDI-P\u2019nin Ba\u015fkan aday\u0131d\u0131r\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 da bu kamuoyu tepkisini iyi okudu\u011funun bir g\u00f6stergesidir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Uzun s\u00fcredir g\u00fcndemde olan Cakarta Valisi Joko Widodo\u2019nun ba\u015fkan adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131. Jokowi\u2019nin adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u201cEndonezya Demokratik M\u00fccadele Partisi\u201d (PDI-P)\u2019nin kurucuus ve hamisi Megawati Sukarnoputri taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7im kampanyas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn il\u00e2n edildi. Se\u00e7imlerin Jokowi ile nas\u0131l bir y\u00f6nelim sergileyece\u011fine bakmadan \u00f6nce, se\u00e7imlere dair baz\u0131 bilgileri aktarmakta fayda var. Endonezya\u2019da genel se\u00e7imlere birka\u00e7 hafta kald\u0131. 9 Nisan\u2019da […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":811,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-810","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-endonezya","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/810","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=810"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/810\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/811"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=810"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=810"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=810"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}