{"id":4518,"date":"2022-04-24T21:27:30","date_gmt":"2022-04-24T21:27:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=4518"},"modified":"2022-04-24T21:27:30","modified_gmt":"2022-04-24T21:27:30","slug":"23-nisan-kutlamalari-istiklal-marsi-ve-akif-dusuncesi-celebrations-of-23rd-april-national-anthem-and-akifs-thought","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/23-nisan-kutlamalari-istiklal-marsi-ve-akif-dusuncesi-celebrations-of-23rd-april-national-anthem-and-akifs-thought\/","title":{"rendered":"23 Nisan kutlamalar\u0131, \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131 ve Akif d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi \/ Celebrations of 23rd April, National Anthem and Akif\u2019s thought"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 24.04.2022<\/strong><\/p>\n

23 Nisan\u2019\u0131 veliler olarak \u00e7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131zla birlikte okul bah\u00e7elerinde kutlad\u0131k. Kutlamaya konu olan geli\u015fmenin \u00e7ocuklar nezdinde kabul edilen \u2018bayraml\u0131k\u2019 olgusu \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karken, \u00e7e\u015fitli ara\u00e7lar ve sembollerle bu bayram\u0131 ideolojik k\u0131lman\u0131n bir ba\u011flam\u0131 da ortaya konulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Ancak bu ideolojik ba\u011flam\u0131n ilk\u00f6\u011fretim d\u00fczeyindeki \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n dima\u011flar\u0131nda neyi nas\u0131l yerle\u015ftirecekleri meselesini gayet sorunla hale getiren bir iki nokta var ki, \u00fczerinde durmadan ge\u00e7ilemeyecek \u00f6nemdedir.<\/p>\n

Bu husus, sadece 23 Nisan kutlamalar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fil, benzeri t\u00fcm kutlamalar\u0131n hatta, her alanda ad\u0131na milli denilecek her u\u011fra\u015f ve fiilde herkesin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla s\u00f6ylenen \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131\u2019d\u0131r. Tek v\u00fccud olarak s\u00f6ylenen \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fine vukufiyet ile t\u00f6renlerin geli\u015fiminde ortaya konulan s\u00f6ylem aras\u0131nda sanki birbirinden ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 bir ba\u011flam kendini gizli a\u00e7\u0131k ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bayram, \u00e7ocuk, sembol ve i\u00e7erik<\/strong><\/p>\n

23 Nisan kutlamalar\u0131n\u0131n, \u00e7ocuklara arma\u011fan edilen bir de\u011fer olmas\u0131 kadar, ilk\u00f6\u011fretim d\u00fczeyindeki \u00e7ocuklara okutturulan \u015fiirlerin i\u00e7erik analizleri, onlar\u0131n anlam d\u00fcnyalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesinde, ezberci ve \u015fekillendirmeci bir y\u00f6nelim olu\u015fturdu\u011fu g\u00f6zlenmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bizatihi, kutlamalar\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc tarihin \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131r\u0131lma evresi olarak de\u011ferlendirmek kadar, \u00f6nceki tarihi evreni b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle yok say\u0131c\u0131 bir nitelik ortaya konulmaktad\u0131r. Bu durum, yeni bir ulus-devlet bilincinin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 amac\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla anla\u015f\u0131labilir bir y\u00f6n\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ancak, bu ya\u015f grubu \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6nlendiren \u00f6\u011fretmen, okul y\u00f6netimi, milli e\u011fitim, veli gibi bireysel ve kurumsal unsurlar\u0131n nas\u0131l bir bilin\u00e7 olu\u015fturmakta olduklar\u0131 ise sosyolojik olarak, ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na bir sorun olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Bu noktada \u00fczerinde durulmas\u0131 gereken temel husus kan\u0131mca, ilgili t\u00f6renlere ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131n vazge\u00e7ilmez unsuru olan \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n okunmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz haftalarda yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n 101. y\u0131l\u0131 an\u0131lan \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131 \u015fairinin ortaya koydu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce yap\u0131s\u0131 ve s\u00f6ylem ile bug\u00fcn 23 Nisan kutlamalar\u0131na kat\u0131lan \u00e7ocuklara aktar\u0131lmakta olan, di\u011fer s\u00f6ylem tarz\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7eli\u015fki gayet \u00f6nemli bir zihinsel k\u0131r\u0131lman\u0131n izlerini ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Elbette, ilk\u00f6\u011fretim d\u00fczeyindeki \u00e7ocuklarda b\u00f6ylesi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir yarg\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131 bilincin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmasa da, sanki i\u00e7ten i\u00e7e bunu hissettiren, sorgulatan bir y\u00f6n\u00fcn de olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenemez.<\/p>\n

Akif\u2019in kimli\u011fi, \u015fiiri ve anlam\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcnden ge\u00e7mi\u015fe bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u0130ttihad ve Terakki b\u00fcnyesi i\u00e7erisinde yer alm\u0131\u015f \u0130slamc\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyle tan\u0131nan Mehmet Akif\u2019in 23 Nisan 1920\u2019de a\u00e7\u0131lan Mustafa Kemal liderli\u011finde a\u00e7\u0131lan ilk mecliste, Burdur milletvekili olarak yer almas\u0131 d\u00f6nemin dikkat \u00e7ekici bir \u00f6zelli\u011fidir.<\/p>\n

Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, onu \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karan bir ba\u015fka husus, s\u00f6z konusu meclisin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan daha bir y\u0131l ge\u00e7meden, yeni olu\u015fmakta olan ulus-devletin kendini sembolik olarak ifade etmesini sa\u011flayacak bir milli mar\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi g\u00fcndeme geldi\u011finde, ismi ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131yla \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan bir fig\u00fcr olu\u015fudur.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, bu y\u0131l 23 Nisan 1920 B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n 102 y\u0131l\u0131 kadar, bu tarihi g\u00fcn\u00fcn ilerleyen y\u0131llarda \u00e7ocuklara arma\u011fan olarak \u00e7ocuk bayram\u0131 olarak kutlanmas\u0131 ile \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kabul edili\u015finin bu y\u0131l 101. y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011f, \u00f6ylesine kolay kolay ge\u00e7i\u015ftirilecek tarihi geli\u015fmeler olmamas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6yle ki, Mehmet Akif\u2019in \u0130stikl\u00e2l Mar\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 kaleme al\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n 101. y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc, hat\u0131rlanmaya de\u011fer olan pek \u00e7ok toplumsal ve siyasal olguyu i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131ran bir y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr asl\u0131nda.<\/p>\n

Bu olgular nelerdir diye soruldu\u011funda, akla ilk gelen unsurlar: bir edebiyat ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce adam\u0131 olarak Mehmet Akif\u2019in ki\u015fili\u011fi; \u0130stikl\u00e2lin kazan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc ve kutsall\u0131k boyutuyla bir m\u00fccadelenin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131; son g\u00fcnlerini ya\u015famakta olan Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin ister istemez edinilen bir devlet ve ge\u00e7mi\u015f miras\u0131; t\u00fcm i\u00e7erikleriyle uzun bir 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l; yeni olu\u015fmakta olan ulus-devletin varolu\u015f kayna\u011f\u0131na ve bu noktada nerede durulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine dair g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler ortaya koyan bir edebi ve hatta siyasi bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131r\u2026<\/p>\n

Dikotomi: D\u00f6nemsel devaml\u0131l\u0131k m\u0131 ve ayr\u0131\u015fma m\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kaleme al\u0131nan \u0130stikl\u00e2l Mar\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi ve niteli\u011fi ile b\u00f6yle bir mar\u015f talebinde bulunan ve bu mar\u015f\u0131 kabul eden Mustafa Kemal ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi\u2019nin hem maddi hem manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, birbiriyle i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015f ba\u011flamlar\u0131 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Bizatihi Akif gibi \u0130slamc\u0131 bir toplumsal ve siyasal tutumu ile tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f fertlerin de bulundu\u011fu meclisin ruhunun kendini yine belki de, tarihi bir tesad\u00fcf olarak Akif gibi s\u00f6z konusu bu birinci meclis \u00fcyesi biri taraf\u0131ndan kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gayet manidard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Al sancakl\u0131, hilalli, d\u00f6k\u00fclen kanlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Hak\u2019ta tapma olgusu gibi, daha her zaman okunan ilk iki k\u0131tada kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan semboller ve kavramlar bize sanki t\u00f6renlerde \u00fczerinde durulmamas\u0131 gereken unsurlarm\u0131\u015f gibi hissettirilmeye, hatta zaman zaman a\u00e7\u0131k se\u00e7ik \u00f6\u011fretilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan olgularm\u0131\u015f gibi geliyor.<\/p>\n

\u015eunu a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde ortaya koymakta yarar var\u2026 Akif\u2019in kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130stikl\u00e2l Mar\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131, 1918 sonraki geli\u015fmeler ve ortaya konulan m\u00fccadelenin ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile salt yeni olu\u015fmakta olan ulus-devlet n\u00fcvesini tan\u0131mlamaya matuf bir duygu yo\u011funlu\u011fuyla s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Aksine, destans\u0131 bir m\u00fccadelenin dile getirildi\u011fi bir edebi eser olarak \u0130stikl\u00e2l Mar\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131, Akif\u2019in bizatihi kendi bireysel ya\u015fam\u0131 ve daha \u00f6nceki d\u00f6nemde, mensubu bulundu\u011fu Osmanl\u0131 toplumunun t\u00fcm tecr\u00fcbelerini i\u00e7eren d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce sistemati\u011finin i\u00e7erisinde ve\/ya devam\u0131 olarak alg\u0131lamak bir o kadar \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, Akif d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinde bir kopu\u015ftan s\u00f6z edilemeyece\u011fi gibi, bu kopu\u015fun onun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce sistemati\u011finde yeni kurulan B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi\u2019nin varl\u0131k nedeni a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da bir kopu\u015fa tekab\u00fcl etmedi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek gerekir.<\/p>\n

1.D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n hemen ard\u0131ndan, hakl\u0131 bir taleple g\u00fcndeme gelen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k m\u00fccadelesinin ne anlam ifade etti\u011fini, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc edebi bir dille izah etme \u00e7abas\u0131, bir edebiyat\u00e7\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 zamanda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce adam\u0131 olarak Mehmet Akif\u2019in, o d\u00f6neme kadar ortaya koydu\u011fu birikimsel olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan geli\u015fim \u00e7izgisinin bir yek\u00fbnu olmakl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla dikkat \u00e7eker.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6neminin adam\u0131 ifadesini t\u0131pk\u0131, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015flar\u0131 gibi hak eden Akif, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k m\u00fccadelesini tek defal\u0131k, fiziki bir zafer olmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesinde, en az\u0131ndan 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l gibi uzun bir d\u00f6nem boyunca Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nde ya\u015fanan s\u00fcre\u00e7leri de kapsayacak \u015fekilde uzun d\u00f6nemli \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar, sava\u015flar, i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f m\u00fcdahaleler, yalpalamalar, de\u011fi\u015fmeler, siyasal ve teritoryal kay\u0131plar, reform ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131 vb. ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak, anlaml\u0131 bir b\u00fct\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrebilme gayreti i\u00e7erisinde olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Edebi olma g\u00fcc\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu \u00f6rnek \u00fczerinden hareketle, edebiyat\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin ayr\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 bir alan\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, \u015fiirin kendinde i\u00e7kin olan duygu dolu olma hali, onu kimileri nezdinde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsenecek bir ifade bi\u00e7imi k\u0131lsa da, asl\u0131nda kadim toplumlarda tarih yaz\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u2018dizeler\u2019 \u00fczerinden nesilden nesile aktar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ilerleyen bir d\u00f6neminde de yaz\u0131l\u0131 hale ge\u00e7irildi\u011fini hat\u0131rlamakta yarar var.<\/p>\n

\u015eiir ile ortaya konulan anlat\u0131n\u0131n \u2018edebi\u2019, g\u00fczel s\u00f6z ile aktarma gayesi kadar belki de, onun \u00f6tesinde gayet pratik bir anlat\u0131 bi\u00e7imi olacak \u015fekilde okuyucular\u0131n, dinleyicilerin g\u00f6n\u00fcllerinden zihinlerine do\u011fru kal\u0131c\u0131 bir boyuta \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 beklentisinin var oldu\u011funu ortadad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Burada, dizelerden olu\u015fan anlat\u0131n\u0131n salt bir ezber amac\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 aksine, bu yaz\u0131 ve anlat\u0131 formu ile bireylerin ruhlar\u0131na ve zihinlerine hitab\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcne vurgu yap\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n da gayet a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde ortaya koydu\u011fu \u00fczere, Mehmet Akif\u2019in edebi ki\u015fili\u011finin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, d\u00f6neminin bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi olarak gayet siyasi bir duru\u015fu oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn 23 Nisan vesilesiyle ilk\u00f6\u011fretim \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n onlar\u0131n velilerinin birlikte okuduklar\u0131 \u0130stiklal Mar\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n anlam ve i\u00e7eri\u011finin neye tekab\u00fcl etti\u011fi meselesi, 23 Nisan\u2019\u0131 ulus-devlet olu\u015fumu ile \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrerek bunun \u00fcretti\u011fi her ne var ise, t\u00fcm bunlar\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015fi yok saymaya kadar g\u00f6t\u00fcrecek bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n sergilenmesi ortaya gayet dikotomik bir durum \u00e7\u0131karmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00f6renlerde, bu zihin k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hissedilmemesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil\u2026<\/p>\n

\n

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Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 24.04.2022 23 Nisan\u2019\u0131 veliler olarak \u00e7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131zla birlikte […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4519,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,75],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4518","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gunluk-yazilar","category-sosyoloji-tarih"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4518","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4518"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4518\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4519"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4518"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4518"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4518"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}