{"id":45,"date":"2013-09-17T10:18:00","date_gmt":"2013-09-17T10:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost:8080\/ini\/?p=45"},"modified":"2016-10-10T08:41:23","modified_gmt":"2016-10-10T08:41:23","slug":"ertugrul-gemisi-faciasna-dair-bir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/ertugrul-gemisi-faciasna-dair-bir\/","title":{"rendered":"Ertu\u011frul Gemisi Facias\u0131na Dair Bir M\u00fcl\u00e2haza"},"content":{"rendered":"
Mehmet \u00d6zay \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a017 Eyl\u00fcl 2013<\/b><\/div>\n
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1890 y\u0131l\u0131 Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131ndan bug\u00fcne 123 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti… D\u00f6nemin olu\u015fmakta olan yeni d\u00fcnyas\u0131na \u2018m\u00fcdahale\u2019 etme amac\u0131na matuf olarak Do\u011fu denizlerine \u2018yola \u00e7\u0131kan\u2019 \u2018Ertu\u011frul\u2019 adl\u0131 geminin ser\u00fcveninin y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc. Ertu\u011frul ad\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin \u2018k\u00f6k babas\u0131\u2019 olarak an\u0131labilecek Ertu\u011frul Gazi\u2019ye atfen verildi\u011fine ku\u015fku yok. Ertu\u011frul Gazi ad\u0131 nas\u0131l bir devletin kurulu\u015fuyla birlikte an\u0131l\u0131yorsa, \u2018Ertu\u011frul\u2019 ad\u0131 verlien geminin ser\u00fcveni de Uzak Do\u011fu ile yeni ili\u015fkiler a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelecekti.<\/div>\n
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Bu ziyaret vesiyeliyle neler akla geliyor? \u00d6ncelikle, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ile Japonya aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ilk diplomatik ili\u015fkiler oldu\u011fu, seyahat s\u0131ras\u0131nda geminin Hindistan, Malaya ve Singapur\u2019da u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 limanlarda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman y\u00f6neticiler ve ahali aras\u0131nda yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kimilerinin Pan-\u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n somut bir giri\u015fimi iddias\u0131nda bulunabilmesine yol a\u00e7an bir \u2018aura<\/i>\u2019n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, ya\u015fanan fel\u00e2ketin ard\u0131ndan kazadan sa\u011f kalabilenleri kurtarma \u2018operasyonunda\u2019 rol alan b\u00f6lgedeki Alman gemilerinin rol\u00fcn\u00fc unutmamak gerekir. T\u00fcm bu unsurlar, asl\u0131nda d\u00f6nemin Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netiminin ili\u015fkilerini ortaya koymas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan dikkat \u00e7ekici. Ancak has\u0131l olmas\u0131 beklenen geli\u015fmelerin, ki bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda belki Pan-\u0130slamc\u0131 e\u011filimin kuvvet bulmas\u0131, Rusya\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 bir Osmanl\u0131-Japon ittifak\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi geliyor.<\/div>\n
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Bunlar ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f midir yoksa Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n k\u00fcresel politikalar geli\u015ftirme arzusunun gemi kazas\u0131n\u0131n sembolik olarak ortaya koydu\u011fu \u00fczere devletin ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz sonunun bir g\u00f6stergesi midir? Bu ba\u011flamda, \u00f6rne\u011fin 1892 y\u0131l\u0131nda Pahang Sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019nda g\u00fcndeme gelen ve \u0130ngilizlerin Malay topraklar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7layan \u0130slamc\u0131 toplumsal hareketin Ertu\u011frul\u2019un ziyaretiyle ilgisi var m\u0131d\u0131r? Ya da bir ba\u015fka soruyla devam edersek, bu resmi ziyaret vesilesiyle G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya\u2019ya bakarken ve de yaz\u0131p \u00e7izerken, b\u00f6lgenin \u0130slami entellekt\u00fcel hareketlerinin do\u011furdu\u011fu veya o d\u00f6nem do\u011furabilece\u011fi -diyelim ki- Pan-\u0130slamc\u0131 kabul edilebilecek \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131na de\u011finildi\u011fine rastland\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir mi? Biz burada birka\u00e7 tanesine de\u011finelim hi\u00e7 olmazsa… Singapur\u2019da Malayca yay\u0131nlanan el ilanlar\u0131nda Osanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Balkanlar\u2019da Avrupa g\u00fc\u00e7leri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki zor durumu kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u0130slam birli\u011fi dile getirilirken, d\u00f6nemin A\u00e7e Sultan\u0131 K\u0131r\u0131m Sava\u015f\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla toplanan on bin Dolar\u0131 g\u00f6nderiyordu. B\u00f6lge liderlerinin ve halk\u0131n\u0131n bu ve benzeri giri\u015fimlerini dikkate almayan yukar\u0131da zikredilen \u00a0\u2018duru\u015f\u2019, olsa olsa \u00f6tekini yads\u0131yan \u2018tek tip\u00e7i\u2019 bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmay\u0131 hak ediyor. Bu konuya dair kapsaml\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri bir b\u00fct\u00fcn i\u00e7inde payla\u015fmaya ba\u015fka yaz\u0131larda devam edece\u011fiz.<\/div>\n
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Geminin bu resmi seyahatinin ana sebebi Amiral Osman Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n d\u00f6nemin Padi\u015fah\u0131 II. Abd\u00fclhamit\u2019in iki \u00fclke aras\u0131ndaki dostlu\u011fun bir ifadesi olarak Japon \u0130mparatoru\u2019na g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi \u0130mtiaz ni\u015fan\u0131n\u0131 ula\u015ft\u0131rmakt\u0131. Gemi, pl\u00e2nland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fekilde Japonya\u2019ya ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve g\u00f6revini tamamlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Verilen \u2018imtiyaz ni\u015fan\u0131\u2019 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Japon \u0130mparatoru Amiral Osman Pa\u015fa\u2019y\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fun 1. S\u0131n\u0131f Ni\u015fan\u0131 ve di\u011fer baz\u0131 \u00fcst r\u00fctbeli subaylar\u0131 da de\u011fi\u015fik derecelerdeki ni\u015fanlarla taltif etmi\u015ftir.<\/div>\n
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Ertu\u011frul gemisi hakk\u0131nda ilgili yaz\u0131l\u0131p \u00e7izilenler aras\u0131nda Singapur\u2019daki kar\u015f\u0131lamalar \u00f6nemli yer tutar. Ancak bu kar\u015f\u0131lamalar\u0131n \u2018alk\u0131\u015flar\u2019dan ba\u015fka bir y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn ortaya konulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da malum. Bir de Japonya ziyaretini \u2018ba\u015far\u0131yla\u2019 tamamlamas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan ya\u015fanan fel\u00e2ket… Bir h\u00fcz\u00fcn hik\u00e2yesi… Konsept farkl\u0131 olsa da bu kaza biraz da Yemen\u2019i hat\u0131rlat\u0131r bize. Osmanl\u0131-Japon ili\u015fkilerinin modern d\u00f6nemde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan Ertu\u011frul\u2019un yolculu\u011fu, Japon Prensi\u2019nin \u0130stanbul\u2019a yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ziyarete bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131. Avrupayla ili\u015fkilerinin giderek gerildi\u011fi, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n siyasi kabiliyet sahas\u0131n\u0131n darald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya\u2019daki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n \u0130ngiliz ve Hollanda s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fi egemenli\u011finde bulundu\u011fu bir d\u00f6nemde, \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n k\u00fcresel siyaset yapma bi\u00e7imine \u00f6rnek te\u015fkil eder Ertu\u011frul\u2019un ziyareti ayn\u0131 zamanda…<\/div>\n
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Rotas\u0131 \u00fczerinde olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Sumatra Adas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kuzeyinde A\u00e7e topraklar\u0131nda s\u00fcren Hollanda istilas\u0131 nedeniyle Banda A\u00e7e liman\u0131na u\u011fra(ya)mayan Ertu\u011frul gemisinin Singapur liman\u0131na demir atmas\u0131, Singapur \u015fehrinde ve yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131ndaki Cohor Sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ahalide heyecan vesilesi oldu\u011funa ku\u015fku yok. Halk\u0131n, gerek d\u00f6nemin Singapur ve Malaya\u2019s\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan gazetelerinden, gerekse \u00f6zellikle Hac\u0131lar vas\u0131tas\u0131yla ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok\u00e7a duyduklar\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ba\u015fkentinden gelen bir geminin simgesel de\u011feridir bu heyacana sebep olan.<\/div>\n
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B\u00f6lge kaynaklar\u0131nda zikredildi\u011fine g\u00f6re, Ertu\u011frul gemisi Singapur liman\u0131na demir atmadan \u00f6nce, Cohor Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019na girerek Cohor Sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Saray\u0131\u2019na naz\u0131r durdu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Ertu\u011frul\u2019un do\u011frudan Cohor liman\u0131na girmesine sebep ise Sultan Abd\u00fclhamit\u2019ten d\u00f6nemin Sultan\u0131 Ebu Bekir\u2019e getirilen sel\u00e2md\u0131r. Sultan Ebu Bekir, bu vesile ile \u0130stanbul\u2019da kendisine sunulan Mecidiye Ni\u015fan\u0131\u2019na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Ertu\u011frul gemisinin Amirali Osman Pa\u015fa ve di\u011fer 8 \u00fcst d\u00fczey denizciye d\u00fczenlenen t\u00f6renle Cohor Sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ni\u015fanesi takt\u0131. Bu \u00fcst d\u00fczey denizciler aras\u0131nda geminin kaptan\u0131 Ali Bey\u2019in de oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliriz. Cohor Saray\u0131\u2019na konuk olan Pa\u015fa ve \u00fcst d\u00fczey subay\u0131n neler ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131, ne kadar kald\u0131klar\u0131, kimlerle nas\u0131l etkile\u015fim i\u00e7ine girdikleri konusunda -en az\u0131ndan \u015fimdilik- bir bilgimiz yok… \u00d6rne\u011fin, Sultanl\u0131kta Ba\u015fbakan konumundaki Dato Cafer bin Muhammed ve -hen\u00fcz yakla\u015f\u0131k bir y\u0131ll\u0131k e\u015fi- Rukiye Han\u0131m\u2019la g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmedikleri veya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmede neler ge\u00e7ti\u011fi vb. konular ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lmay\u0131 bekliyor… Burada hemen hat\u0131rlatmakta fayda var. Rukiye Han\u0131m\u2019\u0131 bir \u00e7\u0131rp\u0131da \u2018Pan-\u0130slamc\u0131\u2019 b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn ortas\u0131na yerle\u015ftiren anlay\u0131\u015f, ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p Ertu\u011frul\u2019un ziyaretiyle birle\u015ftirirse hi\u00e7 \u015fa\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131z! Ayr\u0131ca, zaten pek de alt yap\u0131s\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olmayan bir gemiyle \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lan uzun deniz yolculu\u011funun do\u011furdu\u011fu zorluklar neticesinde Cohor\u2019da herhangi bir bak\u0131m-onar\u0131mdan ge\u00e7irilip ge\u00e7irilm
\nedi\u011fi de mu\u011flak konular aras\u0131nda.<\/div>\n
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Cohor\u2019daki kar\u015f\u0131lama ve t\u00f6renin ard\u0131ndan geminin Singapur liman\u0131na ge\u00e7ti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Singapur, \u0130ngiliz Do\u011fu Hint S\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fi\u2019nin ba\u015fkenti olmakla \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Ertu\u011frul\u2019un limana girmesi, \u00e7ok\u00e7a ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu lojistik deste\u011fin sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131n ve de M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ahalinin bir \u2018\u00f6zlemle\u2019 gemiye ak\u0131n etmelerinin \u00f6tesinde, Sultan Abd\u00fclhamit\u2019in Singapur\u2019a ilk defa konsolos olarak atad\u0131\u011f\u0131 el-Sagoff ailesinden ileri gelen bir ferdi vas\u0131tas\u0131yla \u0130ngiliz y\u00f6netimiyle, b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan Arap\/Hint (Peranakan) kolonisiyle, Hollanda s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fi alt\u0131nda siyasi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel bask\u0131lara maruz kalan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman unsurlar\u0131n temsilcileriyle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Ancak bu noktada gene detaylara ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z oldu\u011fu muhakkak… Eldeki verilere bakarak ifade edersek, Ertu\u011frul gemisi 15 Kas\u0131m 1889\u2019da Singapur liman\u0131na girmi\u015f ve 22 Mart 1890 tarihine kadar yakla\u015f\u0131k d\u00f6rt ay kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te gemi, halk\u0131n ziyaretine a\u00e7\u0131lmakla kalmam\u0131\u015f, ayn\u0131 zamanda gemi m\u00fcrettebat\u0131 i\u00e7inde haz\u0131r olan 24 ki\u015filik bir \u2018bando\u2019nun \u015fehir merkezinde, yani Esplanade\u2019de konser verdi\u011fi de vaki.<\/div>\n
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Fel\u00e2ket\u2019e Do\u011fru…<\/b><\/div>\n
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Ertu\u011frul\u2019un Singapur\u2019daki ziyaretinin akabinde seyahatin temel amac\u0131 oldu\u011fu varsay\u0131lan Japonya\u2019ya do\u011fru yol ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, d\u00f6nemin Japon \u0130mparatoru\u2019nca kabul edildi\u011fi vaki… Medya organlar\u0131nda \u00e7ok\u00e7a i\u015flenen konu ise bu ziyaretten ziyade geminin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yolculu\u011funun hemen ba\u015f\u0131nda maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 felaket hadisesi. Bu hadise nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi de de\u011fi\u015fik kaynaklarda farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde ifade edildi\u011fi g\u00f6zleniyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Hongkong Daily Press\u2019den al\u0131nt\u0131 yapan bir Singapur kayna\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u201cErtu\u011frul\u2019un Kayb\u0131\u201d olarak veriyor o tarihlerde. Hong Kong\u2019a haberi getiren ise 25 Eyl\u00fcl 1890\u2019da limana giren \u2018Bellona\u2019 adl\u0131 Alman gemisinin kaptan\u0131 Haesloop.<\/div>\n
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Kazadan yaral\u0131 olarak kurtar\u0131labilen baz\u0131 m\u00fcrettebat -ki say\u0131s\u0131 iki olarak veriliyor- 19 Eyl\u00fcl g\u00fcn\u00fc Japonya\u2019ya ait \u2018Boji-maru\u2019 adl\u0131 gemiyle Kobe\u2019ye getiriliyorlar. Kazayla ilgili ilk bilgiler de bu m\u00fcrettebat\u0131n verdi\u011fi bilgiye dayan\u0131yor. Buna g\u00f6re, mezkur kaza 17 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f. Kimi kaynaklar kazay\u0131 16 Eyl\u00fcl ak\u015fam\u0131\/gecesi vermesine ra\u011fmen, m\u00fcrettebat\u0131n verdi\u011fi bilgi kazan\u0131n Yokohama\u2019dan Kobe\u2019ye yol al\u0131rken, 17 Eyl\u00fcl ak\u015fam\u0131 saat 21.30 sular\u0131nda, b\u00f6lgede birden ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan f\u0131rt\u0131na nedeniyle geminin yak\u0131ndaki Kiushiu Nosaki (Kashinosaki, Kiushiu) Adas\u0131 -ki buras\u0131 Yokohama\u2019ya 250 mil mesafededir- civar\u0131ndaki kayal\u0131klara s\u00fcr\u00fcklenerek \u00e7arpt\u0131\u011f\u0131, kazan\u0131n\u0131n patlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve gemideki 600 civar\u0131ndaki m\u00fcrettebat\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn alaborada denize d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ortaya koyuyor. Hayatta kalma m\u00fccadelesi veren denizcilerden alt\u0131s\u0131 \u00fcst d\u00fczey subay ve 57\u2019si m\u00fcrettebat olmak \u00fczere 63 ki\u015fi mezkur Ada\u2019ya \u00e7\u0131kmay\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131yor. Bu say\u0131ya, yukar\u0131da zikredildi\u011fi \u00fczere yak\u0131nda ge\u00e7mekte olan Japonya\u2019ya ait Boji-maru gemisine al\u0131narak Kobe\u2019ye getirilen iki gemici de eklendi\u011finde toplam 65 ki\u015finin kurtar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/div>\n
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Geminin kaptan\u0131 Osman Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fczerek kayal\u0131klara \u00e7\u0131kmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, ancak ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 bir dire\u011fe \u00e7arpmas\u0131 sonucu bayg\u0131nl\u0131k ge\u00e7irip denizde kayboldu\u011fu, m\u00fcrettebat\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne, geminin kayal\u0131klara \u00e7arpmas\u0131 sonucu kol veya bacaklar\u0131nda meydana gelen k\u0131r\u0131klar nedeniyle y\u00fczememelerinin neden oldu\u011fu ifade edilir. Ertesi g\u00fcn b\u00f6lgeye ula\u015fan bir ba\u015fka Alman sava\u015f gemisi Wolf adaya \u00e7\u0131kmay\u0131 ba\u015faran m\u00fcrettebat\u0131 almaya gelir. Alman gemisinde yaral\u0131lara ilk m\u00fcdahale i\u00e7in iki de Japon doktorun bulundu\u011fu belirtilir. Hayatta kalmay\u0131 ba\u015farabilen gemi m\u00fcrettebat\u0131n\u0131n bil\u00e2hare \u0130stanbul\u2019a getirildi\u011fi ve Padi\u015fah taraf\u0131ndan kendilerine ve \u00f6lenlerin yak\u0131nlar\u0131na maa\u015f ba\u011flant\u0131\u011f\u0131 biliniyor. Ertu\u011frul gemisini konu alan dramatik hik\u00e2yenin, b\u00f6lgedeki olas\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131n zamanla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na paralel olarak yeni ger\u00e7eklerle farkl\u0131 perspektiften bak\u0131lmaya olanak tan\u0131yaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yoruz.<\/div>\n
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http:\/\/www.dunyabulteni.net\/?aType=haber&ArticleID=274657<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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