{"id":4497,"date":"2022-04-12T12:47:53","date_gmt":"2022-04-12T12:47:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=4497"},"modified":"2022-04-12T12:47:53","modified_gmt":"2022-04-12T12:47:53","slug":"endonezyada-baskanlik-suresi-tartismalari-ve-demokrasi-bilinci-the-debates-upon-the-presidental-term-and-democratic-awareness-in-indonesia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/endonezyada-baskanlik-suresi-tartismalari-ve-demokrasi-bilinci-the-debates-upon-the-presidental-term-and-democratic-awareness-in-indonesia\/","title":{"rendered":"Endonezya\u2019da ba\u015fkanl\u0131k s\u00fcresi tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve demokrasi bilinci \/ The debates upon the presidental term and democratic awareness in Indonesia"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 12.04.2022<\/strong><\/p>\n

Endonezya\u2019da devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 Joko Widodo\u2019nun (Jokowi) \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00f6nem ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ve son d\u00f6nemde \u00f6zellikle, temel g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde ya\u015fanan art\u0131\u015flar\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu ge\u00e7im s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 hedef alan \u00f6\u011frenci g\u00f6sterilerine dikkatle bakmakta yarar var.<\/p>\n

Pazartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fclkenin G\u00fcney Sulawesi, Bat\u0131 Cava ve ba\u015fkent Cakarta gibi baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde say\u0131lar\u0131 binlerle ifade edilmese de, \u00f6\u011frenci gruplar\u0131n\u0131n hem Jokowi\u2019nin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00f6nem ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunu, hem de ya\u015fanan hayat pahal\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 protesto g\u00f6sterilerini siyaset d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki geli\u015fmelerin soka\u011fa yans\u0131m\u0131\u015f hali oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

Ancak b\u00f6ylesi bir talebin, do\u011frudan ba\u015fkan Jokowi taraf\u0131ndan yerine getirilmedi\u011fi aksine, gerek h\u00fck\u00fcmet i\u00e7erisinde gerekse siyaset d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda etkin oldu\u011fu belirtilen baz\u0131 isimlerce ortaya at\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fczerinde durulmay\u0131 hak ediyor.<\/p>\n

\u00d6ncelikle, bu g\u00f6sterileri, 2016 y\u0131l\u0131 A\u011fustos ay\u0131ndan itibaren, d\u00f6nemin Jakarta valisine y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftirilerle ba\u015f g\u00f6steren dev g\u00f6sterilerin ard\u0131ndan ya\u015fanan \u00f6nemli toplumsal tepki olarak g\u00f6rmek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. d\u00f6nem ba\u015fkanl\u0131k konusu<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    2014 ve 2019 y\u0131llar\u0131nda devlet ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imlerini M\u00fccadeleci Demokrasi Partisi\u2019nin (Partai Demokrasi Indonesia-Perjuangan<\/em>\/PDI-P) aday\u0131 olarak ilk s\u0131rada tamamlayan Jokowi\u2019nin, baz\u0131 \u00e7evreler taraf\u0131ndan bir s\u00fcredir \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc kez ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusu g\u00fcndeme getiriliyordu.<\/p>\n

    Bu s\u00f6ylemin veya talebin, h\u00fck\u00fcmette ekonomiden sorumlu baz\u0131 bakanlardan gelmesi ve iktidar koalisyonunu olu\u015fturan \u00f6rne\u011fin, Emanet Partisi (Partai Amanat National<\/em>-PAN), Ulusal Kalk\u0131nma Partisi (Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa<\/em>-PKB) ve Golkar gibi partilerin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere destek verdi\u011fine tan\u0131k olunuyordu.<\/p>\n

    S\u00f6z konusu bu \u00e7evreler, 2019 ba\u015fkanl\u0131k se\u00e7imlerinin hemen ard\u0131ndan ba\u015f g\u00f6steren, kovid-19 s\u00fcreci nedeniyle ba\u015fkan Jokowi\u2019nin ekonomik kalk\u0131nma politikalar\u0131n\u0131 hayata ge\u00e7irememesini dayanak g\u00f6stererek, ba\u015fkan\u0131n bir d\u00f6nem daha g\u00f6revini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesinin gereklili\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekiyorlar.<\/p>\n

    Gayet naif bir talep olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilirse de, temel itibar\u0131yla se\u00e7imler veya anayasada ilgili maddenin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmek suretiyle, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc kez ba\u015fkan se\u00e7ilebilmenin yolunun a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00fclkenin son birka\u00e7 on y\u0131lda yerle\u015ftirilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan demokrasi k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc sekteye u\u011fratacak bir geli\u015fme oldu\u011fu da yap\u0131lan ele\u015ftiriler aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

    Jokowi\u2019ye ra\u011fmen talep<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Ba\u015fkan Jokowi\u2019nin ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00f6neme ta\u015f\u0131ma gayesinin ard\u0131nda ne oldu\u011fu bir ba\u015fka tart\u0131\u015fma konusu.<\/p>\n

    S\u00f6z konusu bu talebi siyaset ortam\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131yan ve kamuoyuyla payla\u015fan bakanlar\u0131n ve baz\u0131 partilerin bireysel ve parti \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 m\u0131 \u00f6ncelledikleri yoksa, t\u00fcm ele\u015ftirilere ra\u011fmen, ekonomik ve toplumsal kalk\u0131nma konusunda politikalar\u0131 g\u00fcndeme getirmeyi hedefleyen Jokowi\u2019ye daha \u00e7ok zaman tan\u0131mak m\u0131 istedikleri \u00fczerinde durulmaya de\u011fer.<\/p>\n

    Anayasada ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 iki d\u00f6nemle s\u0131n\u0131rlayan d\u00fczenlemenin yeniden g\u00fcncellenmesi veya 2024\u2019de yap\u0131lmas\u0131 beklenen ba\u015fkanl\u0131k se\u00e7imlerinin ertelenmesi \u015feklinde g\u00fcndeme getirilen bu talebe reddin Jokowi\u2019den gelmesi de bir o kadar \u00f6nemli.<\/p>\n

    Verilen \u00f6nemli m\u00fccadeleler sonras\u0131nda kazan\u0131lan demokratik de\u011ferlere ve team\u00fcllere riayet etme noktas\u0131nda siyaset d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda yer alan liderler aras\u0131nda en hassas olanlardan biri kabul edilebilecek ba\u015fkan Jokowi\u2019nin ortaya at\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00f6nem \u015fart\u0131n\u0131n, t\u00fcm cazibesine kar\u015f\u0131n destek\u00e7isi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek zor.<\/p>\n

    Ancak, ba\u015fkan\u0131n Pazar g\u00fcn\u00fcne kadar bu konuda net bir s\u00f6ylem \u00fcretmemesinin de, g\u00f6sterilerde ortaya kondu\u011fu \u00fczere toplumun \u00f6nemli bir kesiminde belirsizli\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 duyulan bir t\u00fcr ku\u015fku ve \u00f6fkenin var oldu\u011funu da ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n

    Bu noktada, g\u00f6sterilerden bir g\u00fcn \u00f6nce yani, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz Pazar g\u00fcn\u00fc ba\u015fkan Jokowi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada ba\u015fkanl\u0131k se\u00e7imlerinin normal seyrinde yani, 2024 y\u0131l\u0131 Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti.<\/p>\n

    Jokowi taraf\u0131ndan gecikmi\u015f de, olsa yap\u0131lan bu a\u00e7\u0131klama, her ne kadar, \u00f6\u011frenci protestolar\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmaya yetmediyse de, yukar\u0131da dile getirilen demokrasinin kurallar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funa \u015f\u00fcphe yok.<\/p>\n

    Yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klama, a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 ba\u015fkan Jokowi\u2019nin ne anayasada yap\u0131lacak bir de\u011fi\u015fiklikle \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00f6nem \u015fart\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulma yanl\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011funu, ne de se\u00e7imleri normal zaman\u0131n\u0131 ihl\u00e2l edecek bir takvimde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesine olumlu bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

    Jokowi\u2019nin Pazar g\u00fcnk\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n detaylar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u201cbu t\u00fcr spek\u00fclasyonlarla kamuoyunu yan\u0131ltmay\u0131n\u0131z\u201d diyerek, kendisi ad\u0131na \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00f6nem ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunu g\u00fcndeme getiren \u00e7evrelere y\u00f6nelik gayet a\u00e7\u0131k bir ele\u015ftiriyi g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131. Ve ard\u0131ndan se\u00e7imlerin pl\u00e2nland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere 2024 Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

    \u00d6\u011frencilerin \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Yaz\u0131n\u0131n giri\u015finde, Pazartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc yap\u0131lan g\u00f6sterilerin, 2016 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki dev g\u00f6sterilerden sonraki en \u00f6nemli geli\u015fme oldu\u011funu ifade etmi\u015ftim. Ancak, bu sefer meydanlarda \u0130slamc\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan partilerin destek\u00e7ileri de\u011fil, \u00fcniversite \u00f6\u011frencileri bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

    Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k s\u00fcreciyle ilgili \u201cspek\u00fclasyon\u201dun \u00f6zellikle, \u00f6\u011frenci kesimini meydanlara \u00e7ekmesinin \u00fclkenin yak\u0131n d\u00f6nem siyasal ge\u00e7mi\u015finde olan biteni hat\u0131rlayarak anlamland\u0131rmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

    1996-97 G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Aska mali krizi ile birlikte giderek artan toplumsal bask\u0131 kendini sokak g\u00f6sterileri ile ortaya koyarken, di\u011fer kesimlerin \u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00fcniversite \u00f6\u011frencilerinin \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00f6z konusuydu.<\/p>\n

    O d\u00f6nem, sadece t\u00fcm b\u00f6lgeyi etkileyen mali krize kar\u015f\u0131 bir duru\u015f sergilenmedi\u011fi aksine, otuz iki y\u0131ll\u0131k iktidar\u0131yla Suharto y\u00f6netimine y\u00f6nelik demokrasi talebinin bir ifadesiydi.<\/p>\n

    Hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, bu t\u00fcr toplumsal ve siyasal de\u011fi\u015fimlerin salt bir neden \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilmedi\u011fi, birbirine eklemlenebilen farkl\u0131 toplumsal ve siyasal alanlarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan sorunlar\u0131n k\u00fcm\u00fclatif olarak ifadesini dev g\u00f6sterilerle buldu\u011funu b\u00fct\u00fcn bir yirminci y\u00fczy\u0131l tarihi bize g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

    Bug\u00fcn Endonezya\u2019da gerek kamuoyu yoklamalar\u0131nda halk\u0131n kahir ekseriyetinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00f6nem olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 reddetmesi, gerekse \u00f6\u011frencilerin bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 somut ve fiziki bir \u015fekilde ortaya koymalar\u0131 toplumda demokratik bilincin var oldu\u011fu \u015feklinde ve\/ya demokratik de\u011ferleri geni\u015f toplum kesimlerine hat\u0131rlatman\u0131n bir t\u00fcr ifadesi olarak de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.<\/p>\n

    Bu noktada, \u00fclkede son d\u00f6nemde olan biten geli\u015fmeleri, yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekilen yak\u0131n tarihsel de\u011fi\u015fim ve elde edildi\u011fi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen ve \u00fclkenin demokratikle\u015fmesi konusunda \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131m kabul edilen \u201creform d\u00f6nemi\u201d kazan\u0131mlar\u0131ndan fer\u00e2gat edilmeyece\u011finin ifadesi olarak de\u011ferlendirmekte yarar var.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 12.04.2022 Endonezya\u2019da devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 Joko Widodo\u2019nun (Jokowi) […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4498,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4497","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-endonezya","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4497","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4497"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4497\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4498"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4497"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4497"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4497"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}