{"id":4015,"date":"2021-09-02T20:29:26","date_gmt":"2021-09-02T20:29:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=4015"},"modified":"2021-09-02T20:36:55","modified_gmt":"2021-09-02T20:36:55","slug":"afganistan-guneydogu-asya-guvenlik-sorunu-afghanistan-and-the-security-issue-in-southeast-asia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/afganistan-guneydogu-asya-guvenlik-sorunu-afghanistan-and-the-security-issue-in-southeast-asia\/","title":{"rendered":"Afganistan ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya g\u00fcvenlik sorunu \/ Afghanistan and the security issue in Southeast Asia"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 02.09.2021<\/strong><\/p>\n

ABD\/NATO y\u00f6netiminin Afganistan\u2019dan \u00e7ekilmesinin hemen ard\u0131ndan, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyan\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrpriz hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, sadece Afganistan a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011fil, k\u00fcresel y\u00f6netim ve ili\u015fkiler ba\u011flam\u0131nda yeni bir d\u00f6neme girildi\u011fini ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, ABD ve NATO a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, so\u011fuk du\u015f etkisi yapan ve beklenmedik geli\u015fme olarak Taliban\u2019\u0131n \u00fclkede egemenlik tesisi ve bundan daha da \u00f6nemlisi, \u00e7ok g\u00fcvendikleri resmi h\u00fck\u00fcmet ve ordunun iki hafta i\u00e7erisinde teslim bayra\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekmi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcresel haf\u0131za ve yenilenme<\/strong><\/p>\n

Son bir aya yak\u0131n s\u00fcredir olup bitenler k\u00fcreselle\u015fen zihinlerin, Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin (SSCB) i\u015fgaline kar\u015f\u0131 Afgan \u2018cihad\u0131n\u0131\u2019; ard\u0131ndan iktidar m\u00fccadelesi ve i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131; y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n hemen ba\u015f\u0131nda gelen ter\u00f6r ve bombalamalar ile \u201cd\u00fcnya eskisi gibi olmayacak\u201d s\u00f6yleminin k\u00f6k salmas\u0131n\u0131; geni\u015f Ortado\u011fu\u2019da de\u011fi\u015fimin d\u00fc\u011fmesine bas\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131; Afganistan\u2019da 2001 Eyl\u00fcl sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131ndan sorumlu tutulanlar\u0131n \u2018adalete teslimi\u2019 i\u00e7in ba\u015flat\u0131lan operasyonun, yirmi y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcreye yay\u0131larak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesini k\u00fcresel kamuoyunun hat\u0131rlamas\u0131na neden oldu ve olmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm bu ve benzeri konu\/olgu ve sorulara verilecek cevaplar tekil de\u011fil, aksine \u00e7o\u011fulluk ta\u015f\u0131yor. Bunun nedeni, asl\u0131nda sorun neydi, nas\u0131l geli\u015fti, nereye ula\u015ft\u0131 ve \u015fimdi ne olacak gibi birbiriyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve anlamland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla ilgili.<\/p>\n

Ancak bu uzun s\u00fcre\u00e7lere sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 cevap verebilecek bir zihni yap\u0131n\u0131n, ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z post-modern d\u00f6nemin ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 siyasetlerde mevcut olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da bir o kadar sorunlu asl\u0131nda.<\/p>\n

Bu k\u0131sa yaz\u0131da biz de bunlara cevap verme niyetinde de\u011filiz. Aksine, ABD ve\/ya NATO\u2019nun Afganistan\u2019dan \u00e7ekilme s\u00fcrecinin ilgi alan\u0131m\u0131za giren G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya ve \u00f6zellikle de bu co\u011frafyadaki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131 nas\u0131l etkileyebilece\u011fi \u00fczerine bir iki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ortaya koymak olacak.<\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6r ve nedensellik ili\u015fkisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn zihinlerin gayet bulan\u0131kla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ortamda, Afganistan ile \u2018ter\u00f6r\u2019 aras\u0131nda kurulan do\u011frudan nedensellikte bir yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu gibi, bu yanl\u0131\u015f\u0131 d\u00fczeltmeye matuf olarak ne Afganistan i\u00e7inden ne Afganistan\u2019daki kahir ekseriyeti M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan toplumun de\u011ferlerini payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen toplumlar\u0131n ve bunlar\u0131n siyasi temsilcilerinin ne de geni\u015f k\u00fcresel kamuoyunun bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve eylem i\u00e7inde oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Bu durum, ne kadar ciddiye al\u0131n\u0131p al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir yana, Afganistan\u2019daki geli\u015fmelerin yeni bir k\u00fcresel ter\u00f6r dalgas\u0131na i\u015faret etti\u011fine dair gizli\/a\u00e7\u0131k yakla\u015f\u0131mlar ortaya konuluyor.<\/p>\n

Bu durum hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, hem 1979 s\u00fcrecinden bu yana, aradan ge\u00e7en k\u0131rk y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcrenin birincil akt\u00f6r\u00fc olan Afganistan a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan; hem de bu s\u00fcrece do\u011frudan m\u00fcdahil olma azmi ve g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kendinde bulan Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6zellikle de, ABD\u2019nin ve onun pe\u015fi s\u0131ra s\u00fcr\u00fckledi\u011fi NATO ba\u011flam\u0131nda, tam bir irrasyonel duruma tekab\u00fcl ediyor.<\/p>\n

Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018cihad\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n

1979 y\u0131l\u0131nda, SSCB\u2019nin i\u015fgaline kar\u015f\u0131 verilen m\u00fccadele s\u0131ras\u0131nda olu\u015fan ve me\u015fruiyeti, ba\u015fta Bat\u0131 \u00fclkeleri olmak \u00fczere k\u00fcresel kamuoyunca da tan\u0131nan bu yap\u0131lar\u0131n, sava\u015f sonras\u0131nda kendini siville\u015ftirerek \u00fclke siyasal ya\u015fam\u0131na kat\u0131l\/a\/mamas\u0131 \u00f6yle anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor ki, ter\u00f6re endemik bir yap\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret ediyor. Bu durumu, Afganistan tarihine bakarak a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar kadar, geli\u015fmeleri Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n akt\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczerinden de\u011ferlendirenlere de rastlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u0130lkinde, s\u00f6m\u00fcrge sosyolojisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirilecek olursa, her ne kadar yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde s\u00f6m\u00fcrgele\u015ftirilmemi\u015f birka\u00e7 \u00fclke aras\u0131nda ad\u0131 ge\u00e7se de, temelde bunun Afganistan co\u011frafyas\u0131ndaki ya\u015fayan halklar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlerle ba\u011f\u0131ndan \u00f6te bir durum g\u00fcndeme getirilebilir. O da, Afganistan\u2019da belki de tarihin \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir evresi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda siyasi g\u00fc\u00e7 tesisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z ge\u00e7en az bir d\u00f6nem olmas\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011finden hareketle izah etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130kincisin de ise, Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kom\u00fcnist Rusya\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 Afgan \u2018cihad\u0131n\u0131\u2019 kullanarak kendine bir t\u00fcr malzeme k\u0131larak \u00fcretti\u011fi ve bug\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na rakip olarak \u00e7\u0131kan bir \u2018Taliban\u2019 olgusu s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/p>\n

ABD\u2019den yanl\u0131\u015f hesap<\/strong><\/p>\n

Son yirmi y\u0131lda, ABD \u00f6nderli\u011finde NATO\u2019nun Afganistan topraklar\u0131nda, en az\u0131ndan merkez niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yan b\u00f6lgelerde sahip oldu\u011fu askeri egemenlik ve bunun Afgan siyasi eliti ile birlikte \u00fcretti\u011fi ittifak olgusu, ABD\u2019nin \u00e7ekilme karar\u0131ndan g\u00fcnler sonra ortada ne bir ittifak ne bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, ne yat\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131lan bir ordu oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131k se\u00e7ik k\u00fcresel kamuoyuna g\u00f6stermi\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kal\u0131nan bu siyasal ger\u00e7eklik, en az\u0131ndan ABD\u2019nin 2001 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcnde kendi modern tarihi i\u00e7erisinde ilk kez kendi topraklar\u0131nda bu denli ses getiren bir ter\u00f6r hadisesinin birincil akt\u00f6rlerinin ele ge\u00e7irilmesi ad\u0131na ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Afganistan \u2018i\u015fgali\u2019 ya da baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla Afganistan\u2019\u0131 adam etme ba\u011flam\u0131ndaki siyasi-sosyal-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel-askeri yard\u0131m\u0131 sonras\u0131nda, bug\u00fcn ya\u015fananlar aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7ok temel ili\u015fkisizlik ve kopukluk -hen\u00fcz i\u00e7 sava\u015f niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yan bir geli\u015fme olmasa da-, ne ABD\u2019nin ne de genel itibar\u0131yla Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n b\u00f6lgede istedi\u011fi siyasi sistemi kurabildi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya\u2019da kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulacak olan ne?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Birilerinin 1996-2001 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00fclkeyi y\u00f6netmesinden hareketle me\u015fruiyetini ilk elden kabul ettikleri Taliban y\u00f6netimin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya \u00fclkelerinde yak\u0131ndan takip edildi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

Temelde, son k\u0131rk y\u0131lda ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmeler ve \u00f6zelde ise, 2001 y\u0131l\u0131 sonras\u0131nda ABD\u2019nin t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya kamuoyuna verdi\u011fi \u201cd\u00fcnya eskisi gibi olmayacak\u201d mesaj\u0131 ile ba\u015flayan s\u00fcre\u00e7, G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya \u00fclkelerinde -az\u0131nl\u0131k ve \u00e7o\u011funluk- M\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfusu bar\u0131nd\u0131ran \u00fclkelerde yeni ulusal g\u00fcvenlik sorunu olarak n\u00fckset\/tiril\/mi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

\u00d6yle ki, 2001 Eyl\u00fcl hadiselerinin ard\u0131ndan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra, G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya\u2019da ziyaret etti\u011fimiz baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgeler ve tan\u0131k oldu\u011fumuz baz\u0131 geli\u015fmeler durumun, ne kadar ciddi boyutta oldu\u011funa i\u015faret ediyordu. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Patani gibi Tayland\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcneyinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck yo\u011funluklu \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgedeki geleneksel dini okullara kadar ula\u015fan mesaj, bu okullar\u0131n tahtalar\u0131na ili\u015ftirilmi\u015f uluslararas\u0131 ter\u00f6rle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131\/i\u00e7erikli haber ve duyurular bulunuyordu.<\/p>\n

Bir di\u011fer \u00f6rnek ise, b\u00f6lgenin demografik olarak en kalabal\u0131k n\u00fcfusunu bar\u0131nd\u0131ran \u00fclkesindeki ABD b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011findeki g\u00f6revlilerin \u00fclkenin ta\u015fra b\u00f6lgelerinden birinde, yine geleneksel dini okullara yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ziyaretlerle \u201cABD\u2019nin \u015feytan olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d kan\u0131tlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki icraatlar\u0131yd\u0131. ABD\u2019li yetkililer bunu s\u00f6ylem d\u00fczeyinde b\u0131rakmam\u0131\u015f, bu ta\u015fradaki okullardaki \u201czeki\u201d (pintar<\/em>) \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ABD\u2019ye \u2018tatile\u2019 g\u00f6t\u00fcrmek suretiyle onlara, \u201cABD toplumsal ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini\u201d bizzat g\u00f6sterecek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu bu ve benzeri geli\u015fmeler o d\u00f6nem iki a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6nemliydi. \u0130lki, bu kendinden ve anlaml\u0131 ili\u015fkiler a\u011f\u0131na sahip toplumlar\u0131n mensubu olan daha ilkokul ve orta \u00f6\u011fretim d\u00fczeyindeki fertlerinin maruz kald\u0131klar\u0131 k\u00fcresel ter\u00f6rle ili\u015fkilendirilme y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki ithamd\u0131(r).<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131da verilen iki temel \u00f6rnek bize \u015funu hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor. Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkelerin ve \u00f6zelde de, ABD\u2019nin b\u00f6lgedeki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kitleler \u00fczerinde sergiledi\u011fi politikalar\u0131n do\u011frudan tesiri alt\u0131ndaki kesim, geli\u015fig\u00fczel se\u00e7ilmi\u015f b\u00f6lgeler, kurumlar de\u011fil, aksine ilgili \u00fclke y\u00f6netimleridir. Toplumlar\u0131 ile aralar\u0131nda \u015fu veya bu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde mesafe olan ve temelde baz\u0131 i\u00e7 politik anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\/dengesizlikler \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilmi\u015f siyasal sistemlerin a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmaya y\u00f6nelik Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ortaya koydu\u011fu, yeni politika geli\u015ftirme s\u00fcre\u00e7leri, ad\u0131na k\u00fcresel medya denilen yap\u0131 ile bizatihi Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkelerin ikili ili\u015fkiler ad\u0131na ortaya koyduklar\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131 d\u00fczenekleridir.<\/p>\n

Temelde bu durum, Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkeler ile G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya\u2019da halk\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda siyasi bir yak\u0131nla\u015fma oldu\u011funa bir i\u015faret kabul edilse de, bir ba\u015fka a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya\u2019daki s\u00f6z konusu bu \u00fclke y\u00f6netimlerini, kendi geni\u015f M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplum kesimleri ile aras\u0131na \u015f\u00fcphe \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilmi\u015f ve mesafe koyma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu bu propaganda mekanizmas\u0131 asl\u0131nda, t\u0131pk\u0131 1970\u2019lerin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda ve devam\u0131nda Afganistan\u2019da ortaya konuldu\u011fu gibi, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131 edilgen k\u0131l\u0131c\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n de\u011ferlerini manip\u00fcle etme ile ili\u015fkilendirilebilecek boyutlar ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bu durum, 2000\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda ve devam\u0131nda, yukar\u0131da sadece birka\u00e7 \u00f6rne\u011fi verilmi\u015f olan ve toplumun en temel yap\u0131s\u0131 olan e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131 hedef alan yap\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 kuvvet \u015feklinde kendini ortaya koymu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcreselle\u015fen her \u015fey<\/strong><\/p>\n

1980\u2019li y\u0131llardan itibaren, mali piyasalar, \u00fcretim\/lojistik\/t\u00fcketim ili\u015fkileri ile kapitalizmin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6nelim, toplumsal ve ekonomik mobilizasyon vb. s\u00fcre\u00e7ler d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir yan\u0131nda olan geli\u015fmeden di\u011fer taraf\u0131ndakilerin de sorumlulu\u011fu ve ilgisini \u00e7ekecek boyutta oldu\u011funu ortaya koyuyordu. Bir zamanlar\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclerinin bug\u00fcn can al\u0131c\u0131 somut geli\u015fmelerde g\u00f6zlemlendi\u011fi \u00fczere, ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini ortaya koyan, \u00f6rne\u011fin iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi gibi t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya toplumlar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen ve yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131ndaki geli\u015fmeler art\u0131k ulusal g\u00fcvenlik olgusuyla de\u011ferlendirilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Ad\u0131na k\u00fcreselle\u015fme denilen bu s\u00fcrecin, art\u0131k hi\u00e7bir \u00fclkenin d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir ba\u015fka k\u00f6\u015fesindeki geli\u015fmeden bigane kalamayaca\u011f\u0131yla al\u00e2kal\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve bug\u00fcn ad\u0131na \u2018din\u2019 s\u0131fat\u0131 kullan\u0131larak g\u00fcndeme getirilen ter\u00f6r ve ter\u00f6rle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 geli\u015fmelerin ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fin tam da oda\u011f\u0131nda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn gelinen noktada, G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya \u00fclkelerinde, bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, \u00e7o\u011funluk ve az\u0131nl\u0131k ba\u011flam\u0131nda, sahip oldu\u011fu geni\u015f M\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfus ile ba\u015fta Endonezya, Malezya, Singapur, Filipinler olmak \u00fczere b\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerinde y\u00f6netim ve ilgili kurumlar Afganistan\u2019daki geli\u015fmenin tek tek bu \u00fclkelerde ve genel itibar\u0131yla b\u00f6lgede ne gibi sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fi ve buna y\u00f6nelik \u00f6nleyici politikalar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor olmal\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Bundan sadece birka\u00e7 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine kadar ortal\u0131\u011f\u0131 kas\u0131p kavuran s\u00f6zde halifelik kurumu icras\u0131yla Ortado\u011fu eksenli geli\u015fen ve ter\u00f6rle e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcml\u00fc bir nitelik ta\u015f\u0131yan yap\u0131n\u0131n kendini tan\u0131mlama\/temsiliyet g\u00fcc\u00fc gibi hususlar\u0131, baz\u0131 kendinde bireyler ve gruplar \u00fczerinde sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 etki g\u00fcc\u00fc G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya topraklar\u0131ndan b\u00f6lgeye s\u00f6zde hicreti g\u00fcndeme getirmi\u015fti. Bug\u00fcn benzeri bir geli\u015fmenin ve yukar\u0131da zikredilen s\u00f6z konusu yap\u0131yla organik\/inorganik ili\u015fkileri oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan Afganistan\u2019daki yap\u0131n\u0131n benzer bir s\u00fcreci tetiklemesi ihtimalini de dikkate alacak olanlar vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, b\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerinin ve \u00f6zellikle Endonezya, Malezya gibi geni\u015f M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumun ayn\u0131 toplumsal evreni payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayan toplumsal\/etnik gruplarla, kimi ve anla\u015f\u0131labilir sorunlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, i\u00e7 i\u00e7e\/yan yana ya\u015famas\u0131 prati\u011finin gayet \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu vurgulamak gerekir.<\/p>\n

Her ne kadar, s\u00f6z konusu bu de\u011fer donan\u0131ml\u0131 toplumsal ili\u015fkiler b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn bir \u00f6rneklik te\u015fkil edecek \u015fekilde k\u00fcresel olarak kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulmasa da, Afganistan\u2019da ya\u015fananlar\u0131n do\u011frudan ve dolayl\u0131 yans\u0131malar\u0131na maruz kalma ihtimali kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir sivil dinamizme ihtiyac\u0131 var.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya\u2019da ad\u0131n\u0131 zikretti\u011fimiz \u00fclkeler ve toplumlar i\u00e7in tehdit ve tehlike sadece Afganistan\u2019da son bir ayda ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmelerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da hat\u0131rlatmak gerekiyor. \u00d6yle ki, G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya\u2019daki bu toplumlar\u0131n, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde \u00f6zellikle de, Ortado\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 Asya\/Hint Alt K\u0131tas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc siyasal ve toplumsal sorunlar\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131 \u00fcreten\/do\u011furan\/geli\u015ftiren Bat\u0131 merkezli yap\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kendi bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l karakterini ortaya koyacak mekanizmalar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde ortaya koymas\u0131 gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

ABD istedi\u011fini almad\u0131\u2026 Hatas\u0131 yineledi<\/strong><\/p>\n

ABD y\u00f6netimi her ne kadar, ba\u015fkan Joe Biden\u2019\u0131n a\u011fz\u0131ndan, 2001 Eyl\u00fcl sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131ndan sorumlu tutulan ter\u00f6r yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n liderini ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131na at\u0131fla, Afganistan\u2019da yirmi y\u0131ll\u0131k askeri varl\u0131klar\u0131 sonucunda istedikleri sonucu ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmek suretiyle \u00e7ekilmeyi me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olsa da, ABD ordusunun \u00e7ekilmesinden sadece birka\u00e7 hafta i\u00e7erisinde, \u00fclkenin ve b\u00f6lgenin belirsizli\u011finin sorumlulu\u011fu sadece, Afganistan\u2019daki yap\u0131larla a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fckm\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Afganistan\u2019daki geli\u015fmeleri, 2001 ve 2011 s\u00fcre\u00e7leriyle de\u011ferlendirme e\u011filiminde olacak G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya\u2019daki zikredilen \u00fclke y\u00f6netimlerinin, olas\u0131 ter\u00f6r e\u011filimleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda tedirgin olmalar\u0131 do\u011fald\u0131r. Bununla birlikte, Afganistan\u2019da olan bitenin Bat\u0131l\u0131 bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla anlama yerine, ger\u00e7ekte orada neler olup bitti\u011fini ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na \u00f6\u011frenmek ve toplumlar\u0131na aktarmak sorumlulu\u011fu da ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, b\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerindeki ba\u015fta M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 dini\/sivil toplum yap\u0131lar\u0131 ile di\u011fer dini\/sivil yap\u0131lar\u0131n Afganistan \u00f6zelindeki veya Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki herhangi bir geli\u015fme kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, aktif ve dinamik bir s\u00fcreci y\u00f6netebilecek kapasiteye eri\u015fmeleri gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u015eayet ortada bir k\u00fcresellikten bahsediyorsak, o zaman G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya toplumlar\u0131n\u0131n kozmopolit, heterojen sosyal ili\u015fkiler a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l bir bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l zemin \u00fczerinde y\u00fckseldi\u011fini de hem kendilerine hem de d\u00fcnya kamuoyuna kan\u0131tlama sorumluluklar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu hem bu toplumlar i\u00e7in, hem de ter\u00f6rle ba\u015f\u0131 gayet belada olan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerindeki toplumlar i\u00e7in bir umut \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 02.09.2021 ABD\/NATO y\u00f6netiminin Afganistan\u2019dan \u00e7ekilmesinin hemen ard\u0131ndan, […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4016,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4015","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-asean","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4015","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4015"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4015\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4016"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4015"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4015"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4015"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}