{"id":3326,"date":"2020-06-14T11:02:21","date_gmt":"2020-06-14T11:02:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=3326"},"modified":"2020-06-14T11:02:21","modified_gmt":"2020-06-14T11:02:21","slug":"hong-kongdan-soguk-savasa-abd-cin-iliskileri-the-us-and-china-relations-hong-kong-and-new-cold-war","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/hong-kongdan-soguk-savasa-abd-cin-iliskileri-the-us-and-china-relations-hong-kong-and-new-cold-war\/","title":{"rendered":"Hong Kong\u2019dan So\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u2019a ABD-\u00c7in ili\u015fkileri \/ The US and China Relations: Hong Kong and new Cold War"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay 27.09.2020<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hong Kong sorunu ABD-\u00c7in aras\u0131nda, 2016\u2019dan bu yana ya\u015fanan sorunlar\u0131n So\u011fuk Sava\u015f halini almas\u0131nda bir nedendi. Bug\u00fcn Covid-19 s\u00fcrecinden de kaynaklanan nedenlerle daha cesurca dillendirilen So\u011fuk Sava\u015f ba\u011flam\u0131n\u0131n en \u00e7ok hissedildi\u011fi alanlardan biri yine Hong Kong.<\/p>\n

Hong Kong\u2019un bug\u00fcn nas\u0131l bir y\u00f6nelim seyretti\u011fi konusunu ele al\u0131rken, asl\u0131nda bununla gizli\/a\u00e7\u0131k ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilecek k\u00fcreselle\u015fmenin seyrine dair birka\u00e7 noktaya de\u011finmekte fayda var. K\u00fcreselle\u015fmenin son d\u00f6nemde \u00f6zellikle iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, ter\u00f6r, ekonomik durgunluk gibi fakt\u00f6rlerle olumsuz y\u00f6nleri g\u00fcndemde yer i\u015fgal ediyor ve bunun do\u011furdu\u011fu k\u00fcresel ba\u015f\u0131bozukluk d\u00fcnyan\u0131n neredeyse her yerinde kendini belirgin bir \u015fekilde ortaya koyuyordu.<\/p>\n

Covid-19\u2019la neredeyse her alanda ya\u015fanan durgunluk ise, bir ba\u015fka a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda k\u00fcreselle\u015fme \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6neme yani, 1980\u2019ler \u00f6ncesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f intiba\u0131 verdi\u011fi konusunda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerin ortaya konulmas\u0131na neden oldu. Bu anlamda, son alt\u0131 ayda ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmelerin paradigma anlam\u0131nda en b\u00fcy\u00fck darbeyi k\u00fcreselle\u015fmeye vurmas\u0131 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Olduk\u00e7a manidar olan durum \u015fudur ki, \u00f6zellikle Bat\u0131l\u0131 geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerin post-kolonyal s\u00fcrece e\u015flik eden ve bir t\u00fcr kurtulu\u015f re\u00e7etesi olarak ortaya koyduklar\u0131 k\u00fcreselle\u015fmesinin bir umut olmak yerine, kendi ad\u0131yla an\u0131lacak bir k\u00fcresel fel\u00e2keti getirmekte oldu\u011fu \u00e7ok daha ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i bir h\u00e2l alm\u0131\u015f durumda. Covid-19\u2019u belki bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karmak ve k\u00fcresel iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ve di\u011fer unsurlar\u0131n daha uzun erimli y\u0131k\u0131mlarla g\u00fcndeme gelmesi \u00f6ncesinde bir t\u00fcr deneme ve bir t\u00fcr uyar\u0131 niteli\u011finde oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmekte fayda var.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u00e7inde bulunulan durumu daha vakim k\u0131lan husus ise, bu belirsizlik ve hatta karma\u015fa ortam\u0131nda ad\u0131na k\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7 denilen ABD ve \u00c7in gibi iki ulus-devlet yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ve bunlara destek mahiyetinde b\u00f6lgesel birliklerin onar\u0131c\u0131 ve yap\u0131c\u0131 i\u015flevlerini yerine getirmek yerine, zaten mevcut olan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6r\u00fckleyici ve rasyonel olmayan bir s\u00fcrecin i\u00e7ine \u00e7ekilmekte olmalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hong Kong tecr\u00fcbe alan\u0131 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Hong Kong, sorunu tam da bu noktada, \u00f6nemli bir laboratuar olma \u00f6zelli\u011fi sergilemektedir. 1997 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ngiliz s\u00f6m\u00fcrge y\u00f6netiminden \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti\u2019ne devri ile neredeyse iki y\u00fczy\u0131ll\u0131k ge\u00e7mi\u015fi ile Ada, b\u00f6lgesel ve k\u00fcresel ticaret, ula\u015f\u0131m, teknoloji ve finans merkezi i\u015flevleri g\u00f6rmekle kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bir yandan, \u0130ngiliz s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011finin Bat\u0131\u2019dan Do\u011fu\u2019ya adalar \u00fczerinden sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00fcreselle\u015fme Hong Kong\u2019un elden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131yla kendi evreninin son halkas\u0131n\u0131 da terk ediyordu.<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda bu geli\u015fme, post-kolonyal d\u00f6nemde \u0130ngiliz h\u00fck\u00fcmeti olmasa bile onun\/Anglo-Sakson d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin ve mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi sistemik yap\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00f6netmekte oldu\u011fu bir d\u00fczenin almakta oldu\u011fu yeni y\u00f6nelimle al\u00e2kal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6yle ki, yeni k\u00fcresel evrenin \u00f6nemli bir ayg\u0131t\u0131 olmaya aday \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti, Hong Kong\u2019u devralmakla k\u00fcreselle\u015febilece\u011fi bir ayg\u0131ta kavu\u015fuyordu.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in, ABD\u2019din te\u015fvik edici ve tek parti y\u00f6netiminin ileri g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc birka\u00e7 liderinin \u00e7abalar\u0131 ile 1970\u2019lerin sonlar\u0131ndan itibaren d\u00fcnyaya a\u00e7\u0131lma konusunda kayda de\u011fer siyasal kararlar al\u0131rken, 1997\u2019de Hong Kong devri, tam da bu s\u00fcrecin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 noktas\u0131nda kataliz\u00f6r i\u015flevi g\u00f6r\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece \u00c7in, daha D\u00fcnya Ticaret \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019ne \u00fcye olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu d\u00f6nemde, Hong Kong \u00f6zel ticaret ve yat\u0131r\u0131m anla\u015fmalar\u0131 ile Bat\u0131 kapitalist d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ayr\u0131cal\u0131klarla donanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131yla Pekin y\u00f6netimi i\u00e7in bir aktarma organ\u0131 i\u015flevini \u00fcstleniyordu.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in\u2019e sa\u011flanan \u00f6z g\u00fcven<\/strong><\/p>\n

O d\u00f6nemki \u00c7in y\u00f6netiminin alttan alta, Hong Kong \u00fczerinden 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Afyon Sava\u015flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00c7in halk\u0131 \u00fczerinde b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gizli\/a\u00e7\u0131k derin psikolojik yaralar\u0131n tedavisinde bir nebze iyile\u015ftirici etkisi oldu\u011fundan hareketle bir \u00f6zg\u00fcven yenilenmesine konu oldu\u011funa da dikkat \u00e7ekilmelidir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti, bir yandan uluslararas\u0131 arenada g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck kazan\u0131rken, Hong Kong \u00fczerinden sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 kazan\u0131mlar psikolojik olarak, tam da post-kolonyal s\u00fcrecin gereklerine uygun bir yap\u0131 sunuyordu.<\/p>\n

Siyasi egemenli\u011fin tam anlam\u0131yla sa\u011flanmamas\u0131yla birlikte, Pekin y\u00f6netiminin \u00fcretti\u011fi, \u2018tek devlet iki sistem\u2019 form\u00fclasyonuyla sunulan siyasal yap\u0131, Hong Kong halk\u0131na Ana K\u0131ta \u00c7in\u2019deki siyasal ve toplumsal ortam\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda nefes alma imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131rken, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti y\u00f6netiminin kendilerinin ifadesiyle \u201csosyalist ekonominin destek\u00e7isi olarak\u201d d\u00fcnyaya a\u00e7\u0131lma s\u00fcrecinde ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu d\u0131\u015f ticaret ve yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n merkezi olmas\u0131yla Ana K\u0131ta\u2019n\u0131n ekonomik kalk\u0131nmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir i\u015flev y\u00fckleniyordu.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerde k\u00fcresel kay\u0131p<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hong Kong halk\u0131n\u0131n bu arg\u00fcman\u0131n her iki y\u00f6nelimiyle ilgili ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcp d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmedi\u011fi meselesi ise bir anlamda \u2018bekle-g\u00f6r\u2019 s\u00fcrecine havale edilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Bunun i\u00e7in 1997\u2019den 2017\u2019ye do\u011fru ilerleyen s\u00fcre\u00e7te tedrici olarak Pekin y\u00f6netiminin siyasi politikalar\u0131na tan\u0131k olan Hong Kong halk\u0131, Ada valisinin demokratik y\u00f6ntemle se\u00e7ilece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde kendilerine verilen s\u00f6z\u00fcn yerine getirilmemesi sonras\u0131nda, 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda sergilenen \u015eemsiye Hareketi ile toplumsal ve siyasal taleplerini ortaya koyuyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bunun ard\u0131ndan, Ada halk\u0131ndan su\u00e7a kar\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n yarg\u0131lamalar\u0131n\u0131n Ana K\u0131ta s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren yasa tasla\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri, 2014 ruhunun yeniden zemin bulmas\u0131na ve 2019 Haziran\u2019\u0131ndan itibaren yeni ve diren\u00e7li toplumsal ve siyasal tepkilerin ortaya konulmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Bu geli\u015fme ak\u0131llara, 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda toplanma\/konu\u015fma \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle ilgili k\u0131s\u0131tlamalarla g\u00fcndeme gelen me\u015fhur 23. Madde kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki tepkileri an\u0131msat\u0131yordu. O d\u00f6nem, ilgili yasa tepkiler sonras\u0131nda geri \u00e7ekilirken, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131 yaz aylar\u0131 sonunda yasa tasla\u011f\u0131n\u0131n geri \u00e7ekilmesine neden oluyordu.<\/p>\n

Covid-19\u2019un g\u00f6lgesinde ge\u00e7en 2020 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ilk alt\u0131 ay\u0131nda, gecikmeli olarak May\u0131s ay\u0131nda toplanan \u00c7in Ulusal Kongre\u2019sinde al\u0131nan neredeyse t\u00fcm \u00fcyelerin oylar\u0131yla Hong Kong ulusal g\u00fcvenlik yasa tasar\u0131s\u0131 karar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131, \u2018tek devlet iki sistem\u2019 form\u00fclasyonunun \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc anlam\u0131na gelmekle kalm\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bunun \u00f6tesinde, yukar\u0131da tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan k\u00fcreselle\u015fmenin Hong Kong \u00f6zelinde bir anlamda sonunu haz\u0131rlayacak bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi de i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor. Bu nedenledir ki, bug\u00fcn ABD ve \u00c7in aras\u0131ndaki gerginli\u011fin covid-19 \u00f6ncesinin ticaret sava\u015flar\u0131 ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, aksine y\u00f6nelimin \u00c7in\u2019i k\u00fcreselle\u015ftiren Hong Kong\u2019un bu \u00f6zelliklerini yitirmesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011funa i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.dunyabulteni.net\/makale-yorum-1\/hong-kongdan-soguk-savasa-abd-cin-iliskileri-h469774.html<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 14.06.2020 Hong Kong sorunu ABD-\u00c7in aras\u0131nda, 2016\u2019dan […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3327,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3326","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-asya-pasifik","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3326","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3326"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3326\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3327"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3326"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3326"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3326"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}