{"id":1894,"date":"2017-01-24T11:03:09","date_gmt":"2017-01-24T11:03:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=1894"},"modified":"2017-01-24T11:03:09","modified_gmt":"2017-01-24T11:03:09","slug":"trumpin-eko-politik-politikalarina-giris-ve-bolgesel-tepkiler-introduction-of-trumps-eco-politics-and-reactions-in-the-asia-pacific-region","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/trumpin-eko-politik-politikalarina-giris-ve-bolgesel-tepkiler-introduction-of-trumps-eco-politics-and-reactions-in-the-asia-pacific-region\/","title":{"rendered":"Trump\u2019\u0131n Eko-Politik Politikalar\u0131na Giri\u015f ve B\u00f6lgesel Tepkiler \/ Introduction of Trump\u2019s Eco-Politics and Reactions in the Asia Pacific Region"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet Ozay 02.11.2017<\/strong><\/p>\n

ABD\u2019de Donald Trump\u2019l\u0131 d\u00f6nemin ba\u015flamas\u0131yla Asya-Pasifik \u00fclkelerinde h\u00fck\u00fcmetler yeni d\u00f6nemdeki t\u00fcm s\u00fcprizlere haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olduklar\u0131 y\u00f6nl\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131yla ilk tepkileri vermeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Bu tepkiler, b\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerinin i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 siyasi, sosyal ve ekonomik ko\u015fullara g\u00f6re \u00e7e\u015fitlilik arz ediyor. ABD\u2019deki y\u00f6netim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle birlikte g\u00fcndeme gelecek yeni politikalar baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde sadece siyasi alanda \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karken, di\u011ferlerinde birden fazla alanda etkisini g\u00f6stermeye matuf oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zleniyor. Bu anlamda ABD ba\u015fkentinden gelecek haberlerin seyrine g\u00f6re b\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerinini tepkileri de ekonomik, askeri ve sosyal olarak \u00e7e\u015fitli kategorilerde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in ve Tayvan ile siyasi, Japonya ve G\u00fcney Kore ile askeri ve g\u00fcvenlik boyutu, b\u00f6lgedeki on bir \u00fclkeyle ticari ili\u015fkiler noktas\u0131nda \u00f6nem arz ediyor. Trump\u2019\u0131n \u0130slamifobia konusundaki duru\u015funun Asya-Pasifik b\u00f6lgesinin kayda de\u011fer bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Malay d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda hen\u00fcz bir a\u00e7\u0131klama sad\u0131r olmu\u015f de\u011fil. \u2018Bug\u00fcne kadar unutuldu\u011fu\u2019 ifade edilen orta s\u0131n\u0131f Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n yeniden g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc orta s\u0131n\u0131f de\u011ferleriyle bulu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flama noktas\u0131nda ekonomi boyutuyla s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ya ili\u015fkili olan alanlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u0130slamifobia gibi dini-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel etkenin ne y\u00f6nde bir geli\u015fme g\u00f6sterece\u011fi ise \u015fimdilik belirsiz.<\/p>\n

ABD\u2019de ba\u015fkanl\u0131k devri \u00f6ncesinde Trump\u2019\u0131n yukar\u0131da zikredilen alanlarla ilgili twitter a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131yla y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir yakla\u015f\u0131ma tan\u0131k olundu. Bu ba\u011flamda haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda ekonomi hayat\u0131n\u0131 yak\u0131ndan ilgilendiren ticari i\u015fbirlikleri ve bu ba\u011flamda al\u0131nan tedbirleri geliyor. 20 Ocak\u2019taki ba\u015fkanl\u0131k t\u00f6reninde Trump\u2019\u0131n ABD ile ticarette anla\u015fmalar\u0131 ihl\u00e2l eden ve Amerikan i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin ma\u011fduriyetine neden olan \u00fclkelerle ticari anla\u015fmalara kar\u015f\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131 \u00f6nlemler alaca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 beklenen bir a\u00e7\u0131klamayd\u0131. Trump\u2019un uzunca bir s\u00fcredir s\u00f6ylem d\u00fczeyinde g\u00fcndeme getirdi\u011fi korumac\u0131 politikalar\u0131n\u0131n prati\u011fe ge\u00e7irilme a\u015famas\u0131na gelinmesi ve bunun ilk ifadesi olarak 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda imzalanan Kuzey Amerika serbest ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 (NAFTA) g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 oldu. Bu hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, taraflara verilen ilk mesaj niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

De\u011fi\u015fime dair s\u00f6zl\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klamalar, 20 Ocak sonras\u0131nda tek tek kurumsal bir nitelik kazanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu ba\u011flamda ilk birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn Trump ve ekibinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli ticari anla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irme veya tamam\u0131yla anla\u015fmalardan \u00e7ekilme \u015feklinde zuhur etti. Ve Trump, Asya-Pasifik\u2019i birbirine daha da yak\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rmakla kalmayacak, k\u00fcresel ticaretin y\u00fczde 40\u2019\u0131na ula\u015fan bir boyutuyla k\u00fcresel ili\u015fkileri de etkileyebilecek Trans Pasifik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019ndan (TPPA) \u00e7ekilme konusunda al\u0131nan karara imza att\u0131. Be\u015f y\u0131l gibi g\u00f6rece uzun bir s\u00fcre taraflar\u0131n yo\u011fun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 sonras\u0131nda var\u0131lan bu ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131ndan ABD y\u00f6netiminin \u00e7ekilme karar\u0131 almas\u0131, b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleri nezdinde ticaret ve ekonomi alanlar\u0131n\u0131 ilgilendirecek \u015fekilde salt bir g\u00fcven kayb\u0131na neden olmakla kalmayacakt\u0131r. Trump y\u00f6netimi, bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131yla 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lan ve bug\u00fcne kadar uzanan k\u00fcreselle\u015fme s\u00fcreci dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ABD\u2019li yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n ucuz i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc ve hammedde kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu co\u011frafyalara y\u00f6nelmesinin do\u011furdu\u011fu sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7ten i\u00e7e ele\u015ftiriyor.<\/p>\n

Amerikan ekonomisinde korumac\u0131 politikalara ad\u0131m att\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan yukar\u0131daki geli\u015fmeler, hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, b\u00f6lge ekonomilerinin yeni ticari ili\u015fkilerine kap\u0131 aralamas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131l\u0131yor. ABD y\u00f6netiminin \u00f6zellikle TPPA konusunda ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 karar, ba\u015fta anla\u015fmaya taraf olan \u00fclkeler olmak \u00fczere, neredeyse b\u00f6lgedeki t\u00fcm \u00fclkelerce hissedilirken, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ikinci b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomisi olan \u00c7in bu geli\u015fmelerde elde etti\u011fi avantaj\u0131 prati\u011fe nas\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrebilece\u011finin hesab\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131yor. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n iki ekonomi devi ABD ve \u00c7in aras\u0131nda denge ili\u015fkilerini g\u00fctmeleriyle dikkat \u00e7eken b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleri, Trump y\u00f6netiminin Amerikal\u0131 i\u015fletmelerin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7maya matuf olarak b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleri metalar\u0131na uygulanacak y\u00fcksek vergi sonucu i\u00e7e kapanma, korumac\u0131l\u0131k, ABD k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli i\u015fletmeleri \u00f6ncellemesi gibi ekonomi politikalar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda hem ikili hem de b\u00f6lgesel ticaret anla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcncelleme karar\u0131 alma y\u00f6n\u00fcnde inisiyatif geli\u015ftireceklerdir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, pazarl\u0131k s\u00fcreci b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00c7in\u2019in b\u00f6lgenin \u00f6nemli akt\u00f6rleri aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecektir. Bu geli\u015fmeler, ku\u015fkusuz ki, G\u00fcney \u00c7in Denizi \u00f6zelinde \u00c7in\u2019in bir s\u00fcredir g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc izlenimler verdi\u011fi teritoryal yay\u0131lmac\u0131l\u0131k politikalar\u0131n\u0131n ticaret boyutuna evrilebilece\u011finin de kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 aralamaya matuf bir y\u00f6n\u00fc i\u00e7eriyor.<\/p>\n

Bu geli\u015fmelerin siyasi vechesine de k\u0131saca bakmakta fayda var. ABD ile b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda siyasi ili\u015fkilerin yeni bir d\u00f6neme girilmesine dair en \u00f6nem alan, Trump y\u00f6netiminin \u2018Tek \u00c7in Politikas\u0131\u2019na y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftirel s\u00f6ylemiyle g\u00fcndeme geldi. Bu ba\u011flamda, ABD\u2019deki bu \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f, konunun iki farkl\u0131 taraf\u0131 olan \u00c7in ve Tayvan taraf\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde de\u011ferlendiriliyor. ABD y\u00f6netimi\u2019nin 1971 y\u0131l\u0131nda BM\u2019de Tayvan yerine \u00c7in\u2019i temsilci olarak tan\u0131mas\u0131 bir anlamda \u00c7in\u2019in tek \u00e7in politikas\u0131n\u0131n kabul\u00fc anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yordu. Bununla birlikte, 1979 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u2018Tayvan\u2019la \u0130li\u015fkiler Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019 ile Tayvan\u2019la ticari ili\u015fkiler ve silah sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 ABD y\u00f6netiminin ada \u00fclkesini \u00c7in\u2019e b\u0131rakmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da ifadesiydi. Bug\u00fcne kadar ABD y\u00f6netiminin, hem Tek \u00c7in Politikas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 tan\u0131ma hem de Tayvan\u2019la ili\u015fkileri stratejik bir d\u00fczeyde tutmaya devam etmesinin do\u011furdu\u011fu tezat taraflarca kabul edilmi\u015f, yani belirlermi\u015f stat\u00fckonun devam\u0131n\u0131 isteyen bir intiba veriyordu.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn ise, Trump\u2019\u0131n tek \u00c7in politikas\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftiren yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ise yeni d\u00f6nemde ABD-\u00c7in ili\u015fkilerinde anla\u015fmazl\u0131k alanlar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015flemesi anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor. Kald\u0131 ki, bunun ilk i\u015faretleri de Tayvan devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 Tsai Ing-wen\u2019in Latin Amerika ziyareti \u00f6ncesinde ABD\u2019yi \u2018transit\u2019 ziyareti geliyor. \u00c7in\u2019in ABD\u2019de ya\u015fanan ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemindeki bu geli\u015fmeye verdi\u011fi tepki ABD taraf\u0131ndan dikkate al\u0131nmad\u0131. \u00d6te yandan, bu geli\u015fme Tayvan\u2019da ise genel bir iyimserlik havas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Ancak bu s\u00fcrecin ABD\u2019nin genel ge\u00e7er politikalar\u0131nda kapsaml\u0131 bir de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fin i\u015fareti mi, yoksa yeni y\u00f6netimin siyasi g\u00fc\u00e7 temsiliyetini salt sembolik bir ifadesi mi oldu\u011funu zaman g\u00f6sterecek.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, Trump y\u00f6netiminin, Tek \u00c7in Politikas\u0131\u2019nda ta\u015flar\u0131 yerinden oynatacak bir politika karar\u0131, sadece iki \u2018s\u00fcper\u2019 g\u00fcc\u00fc de\u011fil, b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleri taraf\u0131ndan da hissedilecek geli\u015fmelere yol a\u00e7acakt\u0131r. Tabii bununla birikte, Trump\u2019\u0131n Tayvan\u2019\u0131 \u00c7in\u2019le ili\u015fkilerde bir \u2018koz\u2019 olarak kullanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sinyalini de vermi\u015f olmas\u0131 ABD y\u00f6netiminin samimiyeti, Tayvan halk\u0131n\u0131n ABD y\u00f6netimine g\u00fcvenini sorgular bir nitelik ta\u015f\u0131yor. Trump\u2019\u0131n akl\u0131nda, iki \u00fclke ili\u015fkilerinde \u00c7in\u2019in tek tarafl\u0131 olarak ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararlar, \u00f6zellikle de kur \u00fczerindeki oynamas\u0131na getirdi\u011fi ele\u015ftiriler hat\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Tayvan \u2018sorunu\u2019 olduk\u00e7a kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 bir ara\u00e7 oldu\u011funa ku\u015fku yok.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fta \u00c7in olmak \u00fczere Asya-Pasifik b\u00f6lgesinin kahir ekseriyetinde milyarlarca dolarl\u0131k ABD yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerini k\u00fcresel kapitalizme eklemlerken ve halklar\u0131n\u0131 da t\u00fcketimci k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn \u00f6znesi haline getirmekle asl\u0131nda kapitalist sistemin dinamiklerine katk\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 unutmamak gerekir. Singapur\u2019un eski ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Lee Kuan Yew\u2019\u0131n dile getirdi\u011fi \u00fczere yenilik\u00e7ilik ve m\u00fcte\u015febbislik noktas\u0131nda ABD\u2019yi ge\u00e7ecek bir g\u00fc\u00e7 hen\u00fcz vaki de\u011fil. Bu ba\u011flamda, ABD\u2019de yeni y\u00f6netimin tepkisinin, en az\u0131ndan \u015fimdilik, sistemik de\u011fil, aksine pragmatik bir ba\u011flam\u0131 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bununla birlikte, bu s\u00fcrecin ne denli geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir oldu\u011fu tart\u0131\u015fma konusu olmakla birlikte, ABD\u2019de yeni y\u00f6netim, bunun \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc almaya y\u00f6nelik icraatlara ba\u015flama konusunda da kararl\u0131 oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Trump, Amerika orta s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 \u2018eski g\u00fcnlere\u2019 ta\u015f\u0131man\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bu s\u00fcrecin k\u00fcresel ticaret d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 da \u015fekillendirece\u011fini iddias\u0131na ra\u011fmen, i\u00e7e kapanan bir ABD\u2019nin hangi \u015fartlarda d\u00fcnya ticaretine y\u00f6n verece\u011fi ve bunun di\u011fer \u00fclkelerce benimsenebilece\u011fi ise \u015fimdilik bekle-g\u00f6r s\u00fcrecinden ba\u015fka bir alanla a\u00e7\u0131klanam\u0131yor. Yerle\u015fik siyasi ve ekonomik anlay\u0131\u015flara meydan okuyan bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n ABD\u2019yi d\u0131\u015farda b\u0131rakmayacak \u015fekilde k\u00fcresel bir belirsizlikler d\u00f6nemine girdi\u011fi konusunda neredeyse bir konsens\u00fcs olu\u015fmu\u015f durumda. Beyaz Saray\u2019a daha ilk ad\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 atarken bug\u00fcne kadarki ba\u015fkanlar aras\u0131nda ABD halk\u0131n\u0131n en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck deste\u011fi ile Beyaz Saray\u2019a ad\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 atan Trump\u2019a yukar\u0131da dile getirilen alanlarda kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelece\u011fi \u00fclkeler halklar\u0131n\u0131n sempatiyle bakmas\u0131n\u0131 beklemek ve bunun \u015fu veya bu \u015fekide devam eden Amerikan r\u00fcyas\u0131na olumlu bir destek olmas\u0131n\u0131 beklemek olduk\u00e7a g\u00fc\u00e7. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, Trump\u2019u Beyaz Saray\u2019da yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa s\u00fcr\u00fcklerken, ABD\u2019yi de belki de hi\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar k\u00fcresel olarak yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa itebilir.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.dunyabulteni.net\/haber-analiz\/391872\/trumpin-eko-politik-politikalarina-giris-ve-bolgesel-tepkiler<\/a><\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 23.01.2017 ABD\u2019de Donald Trump\u2019l\u0131 d\u00f6nemin ba\u015flamas\u0131yla Asya-Pasifik […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1895,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1894","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-asean","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1894","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1894"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1894\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1895"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1894"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1894"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/indonesia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1894"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}