{"id":6425,"date":"2026-04-22T04:43:49","date_gmt":"2026-04-22T04:43:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=6425"},"modified":"2026-04-22T04:43:50","modified_gmt":"2026-04-22T04:43:50","slug":"bir-lider-tun-abdul-razak-1922-1976-a-leader-tun-abdul-razak-1922-1976","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/bir-lider-tun-abdul-razak-1922-1976-a-leader-tun-abdul-razak-1922-1976\/","title":{"rendered":"Bir lider: Tun Abdul Razak (1922-1976) \/ A leader: Tun Abdul Razak (1922-1976)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay 16.07.2025<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir devletin in\u015fas\u0131nda kurucu unsurlar kadar, ilerleyen s\u00fcre\u00e7te liderlikleriyle rol oynayan baz\u0131 siyasilerin katk\u0131s\u0131, -en az kurucu unsurlar kadar- \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hatta, ilk s\u00fcrecin kayda de\u011fer bir \u015fekilde akamete u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve devlet birli\u011finin tehlikeye girdi\u011fi anlarda oynad\u0131klar\u0131 konsolide edici rolleriyle, bu ikincil liderler unutulmayacak \u015fekilde adlar\u0131n\u0131 ulusal tarihe yazd\u0131r\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunlardan biri, merhum Tun Abdul Razak\u2019t\u0131r…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malezya\u2019n\u0131n ikinci ba\u015fbakan\u0131 s\u0131fat\u0131yla 1970\u2019de ba\u015flayan ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, 1976 y\u0131l\u0131nda vefat\u0131na de\u011fin devam etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bug\u00fcn, Universiti Malaya<\/em>\u2019da (UM) ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen forum\u2019da, vefat\u0131n\u0131n ellinci y\u0131l\u0131nda m\u00fctevazi bir \u015fekilde an\u0131ld\u0131 Tun Abdul Razak…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malezya Y\u00fcksek \u00d6\u011fretim Bakan\u0131 Datuk Dr. Zambry Abdul Kadir\u2019in konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, UM b\u00fcnyesinde faaliyet g\u00f6steren \u00f6nemli enstit\u00fclerden biri olan, Asya-Avrupa Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc (Asia-Europe Institute<\/em>) ile Tun Razak Vakf\u0131 i\u015fbirli\u011fiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen forumu, Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Dato Prof. Rajah Rasiah y\u00f6netti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Forum\u2019a kat\u0131lan, \u00f6nemli konuklar\u0131 Malezya modern Malezya siyasal tarihinde bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olan 1969 s\u00fcrecini, merhum Tun Abdul Razak\u2019\u0131n liderli\u011fi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde de\u011ferlendirdiler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Karakter<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abdul Razak\u2019\u0131n foto\u011fraf\u0131n\u0131 ne zaman g\u00f6rsem, 1930\u2019lu, 40\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda Sumatra\u2019da \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan liderleri an\u0131msatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fcm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bug\u00fcn, vefat\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yap\u0131lan etkinlikte \u00f6nemli kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n dile getirdi\u011fi an\u0131-siyasal analiz etkile\u015fiminden olu\u015fan s\u00f6ylemleri, bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncemin bir \u015fekilde teyidi anlam\u0131na geliyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abdul Razak\u2019\u0131 tan\u0131mlayan temel kavram\u0131n, bir siyaset\u00e7i olarak \u2018karakter\u2019 sahibi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek yanl\u0131\u015f olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir an i\u00e7in durup belki, \u201cBu mu, yani?\u201d sorusu sorulabilir, \u015fayet \u2018karakter\u2019in neleri i\u00e7erdi\u011fini k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmser isek…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00f6neminin adam\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130ngiliz y\u00f6netimine konu olan d\u00f6nemin, do\u011frudan bir sonucu olarak ve t\u0131pk\u0131 benzerleri gibi, e\u011fitimini \u0130ngiltere\u2019de alan Abdul Razak bin Hussein (11 Mart 1922 – 14 Ocak 1976), hukuk e\u011fitimi g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011frenimi s\u00fcrecinde, Londra\u2019da \u201cMalay Forum<\/em>\u201d ad\u0131yla, \u00fclkesinden gelen \u00f6\u011frencileri bir \u00e7at\u0131 alt\u0131nda toplamas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zellikle incelemek gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Temel hedef \u2018\u00f6\u011frenci birli\u011fi\u2019 formunu olu\u015fturmak oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilirse de, ger\u00e7ekte bu \u00e7aban\u0131n, \u2018Malaya\u2019 topraklar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tesisi oldu\u011funa ku\u015fku yoktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, onun, \u2018liderlik\u2019 ve \u2018vizyon sahibi\u2019 bir ki\u015filik oldu\u011funun bir erken d\u00f6nem ifadesidir asl\u0131nda…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abdul Razak\u2019\u0131n, ilerleyen y\u0131llarda \u00fclke y\u00f6netiminde yer alan bir siyaset\u00e7i olarak ortaya koydu\u011fu \u2018toplumsal kalk\u0131nmac\u0131\u2019 \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n, Londra\u2019da \u2018Fabian Toplulu\u011fu\u2019na kat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve o s\u00fcre\u00e7te edindi\u011fi ideolojik zeminin, sahip oldu\u011fu \u2018Malay\u2019 ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi ile ili\u015fkisinin kurulmas\u0131, anla\u015f\u0131lmaya ve ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaya de\u011fer bir ba\u015fka \u00f6nemli ara\u015ft\u0131rma konusu olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda duruyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n tarihsel olarak \u00fcretti\u011fi siyasal ideolojik e\u011filimleri, ak\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde, Abdul Razak\u2019\u0131n yaln\u0131z olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yukar\u0131da de\u011finmi\u015ftim…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abdul Razak\u2019\u0131, Sumatra\u2019l\u0131 siyasal liderlere benzetmenin nedenlerinden biri bu…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0131pk\u0131, Muhammed Hatta, Sutan Sjahrir, Adam Malik gibi…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abdul Razak da, kendi vatan\u0131nda s\u00f6m\u00fcrge d\u00f6nemi ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 anlam\u0131\u015f ve bu sorunlara \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulma konusunda kafa yormu\u015f gen\u00e7 bir adam…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tart\u0131\u015fma yeri buras\u0131 olmamakla beraber, \u015fu ifadeye yer vermek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekilen s\u00fcreci, bir t\u00fcr s\u0131radanla\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7abas\u0131na konu ederek, d\u00f6nemin ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en gen\u00e7 siyasal aktivistlerini ve gelece\u011fin \u00f6nemli siyaset\u00e7i ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerini tan\u0131mlarken, \u2018Bat\u0131l\u0131 ideolojilerin saf takip\u00e7ileri\u2019 gibi bir yaftaya s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmak, geni\u015f Malay d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda o d\u00f6nem var olan toplumsal ger\u00e7eklik olgusunu ve alternatif siyasal s\u00f6ylemleri yads\u0131mak anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kald\u0131 ki, ad\u0131 ne olursa olsun, s\u00f6m\u00fcrge d\u00f6nemi ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n belirleyicili\u011finde \u00f6zellikle, ekonomi-politik a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131nda, Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi ideolojileri alternatif bir yakla\u015f\u0131m olarak Geni\u015f Malay d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ortaya koyma \u00e7abas\u0131nda, Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k konumuna kadar \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ya da gayet \u00f6nemli toplumsal stat\u00fcler edinmi\u015f di\u011fer bireylerin de var oldu\u011fu hat\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda dikkat \u00e7ekici bir siyasal ve toplumsal de\u011fi\u015fim s\u00fcre\u00e7leri oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Siyasal var olu\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abdul Razak\u2019\u0131n, Malezya Federasyonu ad\u0131yla an\u0131lan ulus-devlette ad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nem, hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, 13 May\u0131s 1969 y\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O d\u00f6nem yap\u0131lan genel se\u00e7imlerin hemen ard\u0131ndan, ya\u015fanan anar\u015fi ortam\u0131n\u0131 do\u011furdu\u011fu siyasal ve toplumsal gerilimi y\u00f6netebilecek ki\u015fi arand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ilk akla gelen isim olmu\u015f ve ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc yetkilere sahip bir siyaset\u00e7i olarak bu g\u00f6reve atanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

15 May\u0131s 1969 ile 20 \u015eubat 1971 tarihleri aras\u0131nda g\u00f6rev yapan \u2018Ulusal Y\u00f6netim Konseyi\u2019 (National Operations Council<\/em>), bir anlamda Malezya modern tarihinin d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00f6ylesine kritik bir d\u00f6nemde devletin ba\u015f\u0131na getirilmesini onun, belirli kriterlere sahip yani, \u2018karakter sahibi\u2019 bir siyaset\u00e7i olmas\u0131yla izah etmek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tarihte Malay Yar\u0131madas\u0131, \u0130ngiliz s\u00f6m\u00fcrge d\u00f6neminde Malaya gibi adlarla an\u0131lan ve Asya K\u0131tas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcneydo\u011fusunda Patani\u2019den, g\u00fcneyde Singapur Adas\u0131\u2019na do\u011fru k\u0131vr\u0131lan Yar\u0131mada\u2019n\u0131n 18. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonundan ba\u015flayan ve modern anlamda, \u00e7ok etnikli kimli\u011fine sahip oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemlerde, zaman zaman ya\u015fanan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalara ra\u011fmen, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalara rastland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek g\u00fc\u00e7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunun, \u0130ngilizlerin \u2018d\u00fczen\u2019 (order<\/em>) ve \u2018g\u00fcvenlik\u2019 (security<\/em>) konusunda gayet \u2018inat\u00e7\u0131\u2019 bir millet olmalar\u0131yla izah etmek gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

13 May\u0131s 1969 sorunu modern Malezya tarihinin, baz\u0131 \u00e7evrelerce \u00fczerinin kapat\u0131lmak istenmesinde de g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere, ulus-devletin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve birli\u011finin tesisi veya \u00f6nemli k\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131n ya\u015fanaca\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olarak dikkat \u00e7eker.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Temel itibar\u0131yla, toplumsal katmanlar\u0131n veya Malezya \u00f6zelinde s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse, \u201cetnik yap\u0131lararas\u0131\u201d ekonomik da\u011f\u0131l\u0131mda ya\u015fanan dengesizli\u011fin, gayet g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr bir h\u00e2l ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neme i\u015faret eder 13 May\u0131s 1969 geli\u015fmesi…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Siyasal sorumluluk ve g\u00fc\u00e7 payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc yetkilerle atanmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, toplumda var olan t\u00fcm toplumsal ve etnik yap\u0131lar\u0131n temsilcilerinden te\u015fekk\u00fcl ettirilen bir dan\u0131\u015fma konseyi olu\u015fturmas\u0131, onun \u201ct\u00fcm yetkilerle donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u201d ancak bu yetkilerini, \u201ctoplumun birbirinden gayet farkl\u0131 kesimlerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kurula havale eden bir lider tipiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yay\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

UM\u2019deki etkinlikte yer alan Prof. Anis Yusuf\u2019un dile getirdi\u011fi \u00fczere, bu y\u00f6netim tarz\u0131, Abdul Razak\u2019\u0131n bir \u201cMalezya Gelece\u011fi\u201d d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine sahip oldu\u011funun en a\u00e7\u0131k g\u00f6stergelerinden biridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anis Hoca, bu siyasal yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 sahip olunan \u201cmutlak siyasal g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u201d do\u011frudan halka aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 olarak yorumlayarak, \u201cnitelikli liderlik\u201d olarak vas\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131yor…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, pop\u00fcperle\u015fti\u011fine ku\u015fku olmayan \u2018liderlik\u2019 kavram\u0131n\u0131n ve de i\u00e7eri\u011finin bizatihi, Abdul Razak\u2019\u0131n \u015fahs\u0131nda ve de politikalar\u0131nda g\u00fcndeme geldi\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. Siyaset\u00e7inin, liderin g\u00fc\u00e7 sahibi olu\u015funun, samimiyet ve sorumluluk olgular\u0131yla ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor Anis Hoca.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abdul Razak\u2019\u0131n o\u011flu ve uzun y\u0131llar \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6rde \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revler yapm\u0131\u015f olan Nazri Rezzak\u2019\u0131n, babas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde sergiledi\u011fi liderlik profilini ve d\u00f6nemin icraatlar\u0131n\u0131, \u201c\u00e7ok fazla g\u00fc\u00e7 iyi de\u011fildir\u201d ilkesiyle a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. Nazri Bey, bu ifadeyle dolayl\u0131 olarak Abdul Razak\u2019\u0131n ilkeli ve payla\u015f\u0131mc\u0131 liderlik y\u00f6nelimine vurgu yap\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu izah\u0131n, Prof. Anis Hoca\u2019n\u0131n yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekti\u011fim \u201csiyasi g\u00fc\u00e7\u201d olgusuyla ilintili oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve belirsizlikler, komplek geli\u015fmeler ve durumlar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda siyaset\u00e7ilerden, y\u00f6neticilerden beklenen \u201ciyi y\u00f6netim\u201d (good governance<\/em>) olgusunun, Abdul Razak\u2019\u0131n alt\u0131 y\u0131ll\u0131k y\u00f6netiminin dikkat \u00e7eken bir de\u011fer niteli\u011fi oldu\u011funa vurgu yap\u0131yor Anis Hoca.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar aras\u0131nda yer alan Prof. Fatima Muhammad Arsyhad, Tun Abdul Razak\u2019\u0131 \u201ckalk\u0131nman\u0131n babas\u0131\u201d (bapak pembangunan<\/em>) unvan\u0131yla zikretti…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu kavram\u0131n, b\u00f6lgede s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak, Prof. Fatima\u2019n\u0131n vurgusu end\u00fcstriyel, sekt\u00f6rel vb. kalk\u0131nmadan ziyade, Abdul Razak\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde, \u00e7ok etnikli Malezya toplumunun sosyo-ekonomik olarak alt katmanlar\u0131nda yer alan kesimlerinin kendi ayaklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde durmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak politikalar ve projelerle ortaya koymu\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve bu s\u00fcreci, \u201cilerlemeci ekonomi\u201d kavram\u0131yla netle\u015ftirdi…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2018Felda\u2019, \u2018Felcra\u2019, \u2018Mara\u2019 vb. \u00f6rneklerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere, ekonominin kurumsalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve halk katmanlar\u0131na yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerindeki rollerinin, Abdul Razak d\u00f6nemi ekonomi politik s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde \u00f6nceli\u011fin, devasa devlet i\u015fletmelerine de\u011fil, halk katmanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n somut \u00f6rnekleri olarak dikkat \u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130n\u015fac\u0131 lider<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00f6nemin ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Tunku Abdul Rahman\u2019\u0131n yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olarak siyasette yer alan Abdul Razak\u2019\u0131n ulusun yeniden in\u015fas\u0131nda g\u00f6revlendirilmesi, Malezya modern siyasal tarihinin d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktalar\u0131ndan biridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ya\u015fanan k\u0131r\u0131lman\u0131n ni\u00e7in, Tunku Abdul Rahman ile onar\u0131lmas\u0131 yoluna gidilmedi\u011fi meselesi ise, bir ba\u015fka husustur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak, Tunku Abdul Rahman\u2019\u0131n ulus-devlet varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kritik bir s\u00fcrece girdi\u011fi, toplumsal katmanlar ve de \u00f6zellikle, etnik yap\u0131lararas\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131 \u00f6nleyecek ve ulusal b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sa\u011flayacak s\u00fcrecin ba\u015f\u0131na, Abdul Razak\u2019\u0131 atamas\u0131 onun siyaset\u00e7i olarak sahip oldu\u011fu \u00f6zellikleriyle ili\u015fkilendirmek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00f6nemin siyasi elitinin, b\u00f6ylesine \u00f6nemli bir siyasal s\u00fcre\u00e7te Abdul Razak\u2019\u0131 g\u00f6reve atamalar\u0131na \u015fa\u015fmamak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Onun, -yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekti\u011fim \u00fczere, \u00f6\u011frencilik y\u0131llar\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak- sergiledi\u011fi siyasal ki\u015fili\u011fi ve karakteri, 1951 y\u0131l\u0131nda, o d\u00f6nem UMNO\u2019da ya\u015fanan \u00e7alkant\u0131l\u0131 ba\u015fkanl\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fiminde Dato Onn Jaa\u2019far taraf\u0131ndan UMNO ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00f6nerilmesinde de rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak, ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n gen\u00e7 olmas\u0131 gibi maddi baz\u0131 nedenlerle bu g\u00f6revi reddeden Abdul Razak, aradan ge\u00e7en yirmi y\u0131l\u0131n ard\u0131ndan 1969\u2019da, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc yetkilerle siyasal y\u00f6netimin ba\u015f\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015f ve ard\u0131ndan, vefat etti\u011fi 1976 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar ba\u015fbakan olarak g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay                                                                                                            22.04.2026 Bir devletin in\u015fas\u0131nda kurucu unsurlar kadar, ilerleyen s\u00fcre\u00e7te liderlikleriyle rol oynayan baz\u0131 siyasilerin katk\u0131s\u0131, -en az kurucu unsurlar kadar- \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Hatta, ilk s\u00fcrecin kayda de\u011fer bir \u015fekilde akamete u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve devlet birli\u011finin tehlikeye girdi\u011fi anlarda oynad\u0131klar\u0131 konsolide edici rolleriyle, bu ikincil liderler unutulmayacak \u015fekilde adlar\u0131n\u0131 ulusal tarihe yazd\u0131r\u0131rlar. Bunlardan biri, […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6427,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6425","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gunluk-yazilar","category-malezya"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6425","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6425"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6425\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6427"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6425"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6425"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6425"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}