{"id":4362,"date":"2022-02-08T21:25:22","date_gmt":"2022-02-08T21:25:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=4362"},"modified":"2022-02-08T21:25:22","modified_gmt":"2022-02-08T21:25:22","slug":"filipinlerda-baskanlik-secimleri-kampanya-sureci-basladi-campaign-process-for-the-presidential-elections-in-the-philippines","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/filipinlerda-baskanlik-secimleri-kampanya-sureci-basladi-campaign-process-for-the-presidential-elections-in-the-philippines\/","title":{"rendered":"Filipinler\u2019da ba\u015fkanl\u0131k se\u00e7imleri kampanya s\u00fcreci ba\u015flad\u0131 \/ Campaign process for the presidential elections in the Philippines"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 08.02.2022<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya \u00fclkelerinden Filipinler\u2019de 9 May\u0131s\u2019ta yap\u0131lacak se\u00e7imlere az bir s\u00fcre kala, ba\u015fkanl\u0131k ve ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yar\u0131\u015facak adaylar\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 ayl\u0131k se\u00e7im kampanyas\u0131 bug\u00fcn ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

130 milyonluk \u00fclkede say\u0131s\u0131 66 milyona varan se\u00e7men \u00fclkenin yeni ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131 ve senatosunu belirleyecek. Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k se\u00e7imlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, kongre ve yerel y\u00f6neticiler de belirlenecek.<\/p>\n

2016 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana devlet ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 koltu\u011funda oturan renkli, s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve dobra ki\u015fili\u011fi ile dikkat \u00e7eken Rodrido Duterte\u2019nin ard\u0131ndan \u00fclke yeni ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7meye haz\u0131rlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7oklu aday, sorunlu demokrasi!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z veya siyasi partilerin aday g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi ba\u015fkan ve ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n halk taraf\u0131ndan ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 se\u00e7ildi\u011fi se\u00e7imlerde, \u015fu anki ba\u015fvurular dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, 10 ba\u015fkan ad\u0131 ile 9 ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 aday\u0131 kat\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ok adayl\u0131 yar\u0131\u015f\u0131n, \u00fclke siyasal ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi i\u00e7erisinde, san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n aksine demokrasinin ola\u011fan bir durumu olarak kabul edilmiyor. En fazla oy alan aday\u0131n ba\u015fkan oldu\u011fu sistemde, t\u0131pk\u0131 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 veya pop\u00fcler olmayan bir aday\u0131n se\u00e7imi kazanma \u015fans\u0131 bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerinden \u00f6rne\u011fin, Endonezya\u2019da oldu\u011fu gibi ba\u015fkan ve ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n birlikte se\u00e7ime girmesinin aksine, Filipinler\u2019de ba\u015fkan ve ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 se\u00e7iliyor.<\/p>\n

Bu durum, bir yandan siyasetin aha \u00e7eki\u015fmeli hale gelmesine yol a\u00e7arken, 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015fkan Duterte ve yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Leonor Lobredo aras\u0131nda tan\u0131k olundu\u011fu \u00fczere, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmac\u0131 bir durumun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na da yol a\u00e7abiliyor.<\/p>\n

2019 y\u0131l\u0131 ba\u015flar\u0131ndan bu yana etkisini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren kovid-19 pandemi s\u00fcrecinden, t\u0131pk\u0131 b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleri gibi ekonomisi olumsuz y\u00f6nde etkilenen Filipinler\u2019de ba\u015fkanl\u0131k yar\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, k\u00f6kl\u00fc ailelerin yeni nesil temsilcilerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra yeni isimler de dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n

Adaylar kimler?<\/strong><\/p>\n

2016 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki se\u00e7imde devlet ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na se\u00e7ilen Maria Leonor Robredo, Manila belediye ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u2018Isko\u2019 lakapl\u0131 Francisco Moreno Domagoso, senat\u00f6r ve boks eski d\u00fcnya \u015fampiyonu Emmanuel Pacquiau ile 1980\u2019lerin diktat\u00f6r lakapl\u0131 ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ferdinand Marcos\u2019un o\u011flu ayn\u0131 adla an\u0131lan \u2018K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u2019 Ferdinand Marcos ya da yayg\u0131n lakab\u0131yla tan\u0131nan \u2018Bongbong\u2019 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan adaylar aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u0130kincil diyebilece\u011fimiz di\u011fer adaylar aras\u0131nda ise Duterte\u2019nin eski s\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc Ernesto Abella; eski ba\u015fkanlardan Gloria Arroyo kabinesinde savunma bakan\u0131 ve ulusal g\u00fcvenlik dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapan Norberto Gonzales; sosyalist i\u015f\u00e7i lideri Leodegario De Guzman; eski emniyet genel m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc ve senat\u00f6r Panfilo Lacson; i\u015f adam\u0131 Faisal Mangondato ile avukat Jose Montemayor bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en 9 aday aras\u0131nda Manila eski belediye ba\u015fkan\u0131 Lito Atienza; sosyalist akademisyen Walden Bello; Filipinler \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Partisi aday\u0131 Manny Lopez; senato ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve akt\u00f6r Carlos Serapio\u2019nun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Duterte\u2019nin t\u0131pk\u0131 kendisi gibi Davao belediye ba\u015fkan\u0131 olan k\u0131z\u0131 Sara Duterte de bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

Devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 Rodrigo Duterte\u2019nin adaylar aras\u0131ndan kimi destekleyece\u011fi ise merak konusu. Analistler Duterte\u2019nin destekleyece\u011fi herhangi bir aday\u0131n mevcut h\u00fck\u00fcmet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc arkas\u0131na almas\u0131n\u0131n bir avantaj sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 kadar, se\u00e7menlerin bu duruma tepki g\u00f6sterebilece\u011fine ve s\u00fcrecin ters tepebilece\u011fine de vurgu yap\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkenin ulusal g\u00fcndeminde yolsuzluklarla m\u00fccadele ile Mindanao Bar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fi bulunurken; uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkiler ba\u011flam\u0131nda ise, ABD-\u00c7in aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan ve t\u00fcm Asya-Pasifik b\u00f6lgesini yak\u0131ndan ilgilendiren \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmac\u0131 ortam bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, Filipinler\u2019in \u00f6zellikle \u00c7in\u2019in G\u00fcney \u00c7in Denizi\u2019ndeki egemenlik hak iddias\u0131ndan do\u011frudan etkilenen \u00fclke olmas\u0131 bir anlamda bu \u00fclkeyi tam da \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n oda\u011f\u0131nda oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

Yendien \u2018Marcos\u2019 se\u00e7ene\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kamuoyu yoklamalar\u0131n\u0131n da ortaya koydu\u011fu \u00fczere ba\u015fkan adaylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc isim, \u2018K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u2019 Ferdinand Marcos\u2019un olmas\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. Bu durum, bir yandan \u00fclkede \u2018aile\u2019 hanedanl\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fczerinden siyasetin devam\u0131 anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131rken, bir yandan da 1970\u2019li ve 1980\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n politikalar\u0131n\u0131n egemen olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 akla getiriyor.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, 1995 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki hakk\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lan vergi davas\u0131 yeniden g\u00fcndeme getirilen Marcos\u2019un se\u00e7ime kat\u0131l\u0131p kat\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131 konusundaki karar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki s\u00fcre\u00e7te se\u00e7im komisyonu taraf\u0131ndan belirlenecek.<\/p>\n

1965 ve 69 se\u00e7imlerini kazanarak ba\u015fkanl\u0131k yapan Ferdinand Marcos, 1972 y\u0131l\u0131nda il\u00e2n etti\u011fi s\u0131k\u0131y\u00f6netimle 1986 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar \u00fclkeyi \u2018demir yumruk\u2019 politikalar\u0131yla y\u00f6netti.<\/p>\n

1980\u2019li y\u0131llarda \u00fclkenin g\u00fcneyinde Mindanao ve Sulu b\u00f6lgesinde M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara ve kom\u00fcnist gerillalara kar\u015f\u0131 sert politikalar\u0131yla tan\u0131nan Marcos, Halk\u0131n G\u00fcc\u00fc (People\u2019s Power<\/em>) ad\u0131 verilen muhalefet hareketiyle iktidar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesinin ard\u0131ndan, Hawaii\u2019ye s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilmi\u015fti. Marcos\u2019un vefat\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, ailesi 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru \u00fclkeye d\u00f6nmeye ba\u015flarken, o\u011flu \u2018K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u2019 Ferdinand Marcos senat\u00f6r olmu\u015f, Imee Marcos da 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda senat\u00f6r olarak se\u00e7ilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Son on y\u0131l\u0131nda Filipinler<\/strong><\/p>\n

1980\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n diktat\u00f6r lakapl\u0131 ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ferdinand Marcos d\u00f6neminde Asya\u2019n\u0131n \u2018hasta adam\u0131\u2019 lakab\u0131yla an\u0131lan Filipinler \u00f6zellikle, 2010\u2019lu y\u0131llardan itibaren ortaya koydu\u011fu politikalarla ekonomik kalk\u0131nmada \u00f6nemli bir evreye gelmi\u015f g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, 2010-2016 y\u0131llar\u0131nda devlet ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 koltu\u011funda oturan ve ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden Aquino ailesinin ferdi 3. Benigno Aquino\u2019nun \u00fclkeyi, hem ASEAN i\u00e7erisinde hem de bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde k\u00fcresel kamuoyunda olumlu bir imajla an\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

Aquino bir yandan ekonomik kalk\u0131nma konusunda ad\u0131mlar atarken, bununla ayn\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00f6neme sahip Mindanao bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecini ba\u015far\u0131yla s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesiyle \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki d\u00f6nem \u015fart\u0131 nedeniyle bir daha aday olamayan Aquino\u2019nun yerine biraz da s\u00fcrpriz denilebilecek \u015fekilde, uzun s\u00fcre Davao belediye ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015f olan Rodrigo Duterte\u2019nin ba\u015fkanl\u0131k yar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslemesi, ana ak\u0131m siyasetin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kan yeni bir d\u00f6nem anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerinde ve uluslararas\u0131 siyasette ad\u0131n\u0131 daha \u00e7ok yarg\u0131s\u0131z infazlar olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan uyu\u015fturucu ile m\u00fccadelede duyuran ve ard\u0131ndan ABD kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131-\u00c7in\u2019e yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131yla Asya-Pasifik\u2019te dengeleri etkilemeye veya en az\u0131ndan var olan dengeleri tehdit etmeye y\u00f6nelik politikalar\u0131yla dikkat \u00e7ekmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Rodrido Duterte\u2019nin \u201cmilliyet\u00e7i\u201d y\u00f6nelimli politikalar\u0131n\u0131n asl\u0131nda Pasifik Okyanusu\u2019nun \u00f6te yakas\u0131nda, ABD\u2019de yine ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde ba\u015fkanl\u0131k koltu\u011funa oturan Donald Trump politikalar\u0131yla \u00f6zde\u015fli\u011fiyle dikkat \u00e7ekiyordu.<\/p>\n

Yeniden ulusal kalk\u0131nmaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc? <\/strong><\/p>\n

Kovid-19\u2019un ba\u015flamas\u0131 ve \u00fclkede etkisini g\u00f6stermesiyle birlikte, i\u00e7e kapanan bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm \u00e7izen Filipinler\u2019de en \u00f6nemli sorunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda yolsuzluk ve insan haklar\u0131 geliyor.<\/p>\n

Rodrido Duterte\u2019nin do\u011fru te\u015fhis etti\u011fi ancak, yanl\u0131\u015f politikalarla \u00fczerine gitti\u011fi uyu\u015fturucu sorunu bir anlamda yarg\u0131 ve y\u00fcr\u00fctme g\u00fcc\u00fc aras\u0131nda bir t\u00fcr \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n do\u011fmas\u0131na neden oldu. Bu geli\u015fme, ayn\u0131 zamanda ASEAN\u2019da ilgili insan haklar\u0131 kurullar\u0131 ile \u00f6zellikle Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkelerde tepki \u00e7ekmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Filipinler\u2019de Duterte d\u00f6neminin \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmeleri aras\u0131nda Mindano Bar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u2019nda \u00f6nemli bir a\u015fama olan, Mindanao topraklar\u0131nda ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin kurulmas\u0131 oldu. Bununla birlikte, 2019-2022 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda tamamlanmas\u0131 beklenen ge\u00e7i\u015f h\u00fck\u00fcmeti s\u00fcreci, beklenmeyen baz\u0131 geli\u015fmeler \u00fczerine 2025 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar ertelendi.<\/p>\n

Yeni ba\u015fkan, ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 ve kongreyi bekleyen en \u00f6nemli sorunlar kovid-19 s\u00fcrecinin neden oldu\u011fu ekonomik darbo\u011faz\u0131 a\u015fmak oldu\u011funa \u015f\u00fcphe yok. Bununla birlikte, ulusal bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n tesisi ve devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktas\u0131nda Mindanao bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecinin arzu edilen d\u00fczeyde ortaya konulmas\u0131 taraflar\u0131n beklentileri aras\u0131nda.<\/p>\n

Bu durumun, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fclkede sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcven sayesinde, ba\u015fta ASEAN \u00fclkeleri olmak \u00fczere d\u0131\u015f yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n \u00fclkenin geri kalm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla dikkat \u00e7eken g\u00fcney b\u00f6lgelerine yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131yla ulusal ekonomik kalk\u0131nmaya destek olaca\u011f\u0131na ku\u015fku bulunmuyor.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkede g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ba\u015fkan\u0131n se\u00e7ilmesi, hem ASEAN hem de Asya-Pasifik politikalar\u0131nda Filipinlerin s\u00f6z sahibi olmas\u0131na ve s\u00fcre\u00e7lere \u00f6nemli katk\u0131larda bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 08.02.2022 G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya \u00fclkelerinden Filipinler\u2019de 9 May\u0131s\u2019ta […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4363,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[81,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4362","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-filipinler","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4362","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4362"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4362\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4363"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4362"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4362"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4362"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}