{"id":3635,"date":"2020-12-17T15:45:14","date_gmt":"2020-12-17T15:45:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=3635"},"modified":"2020-12-17T15:45:14","modified_gmt":"2020-12-17T15:45:14","slug":"guneydogu-asya-kulturel-yapisina-genel-bir-bakis-an-overall-view-on-southeast-asia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/guneydogu-asya-kulturel-yapisina-genel-bir-bakis-an-overall-view-on-southeast-asia\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Yap\u0131s\u0131na Genel Bir Bak\u0131\u015f \/ An overall View on Southeast Asia"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay 02.05.2020<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ad\u0131n\u0131 son d\u00f6nemde \u00e7ok\u00e7a duydu\u011fumuz G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya b\u00f6lgesi, Asya\u2019n\u0131n iki kadim k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve medeniyet \u00e7evresini olu\u015fturan Hindistan ile \u00c7in\u2019i birbirine ba\u011flamas\u0131yla dikkat \u00e7eker.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6lgenin sahip oldu\u011fu bu jeo-stratejik konumu, buray\u0131 tarih boyunca Hindistan ve \u00c7in\u2019le yak\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken, bu uzun s\u00fcre\u00e7te ili\u015fkiler sadece ticar\u00ee faaliyetlerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmam\u0131\u015f, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, din\u00ee ve toplumsal de\u011fi\u015fimlere ve hareketlili\u011fe neden olacak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya\u2019n\u0131n bir yandan Filipinler, Endonezya, Singapur ve Bruney \u00f6zelinde Adalar\u2019la, \u00f6te yandan Malezya, Tayland, Vietnam, Kambo\u00e7ya, Laos ve Myanmar\u2019\u0131n geni\u015f kara alan\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan Malay Yar\u0131madas\u0131 ve Hint-\u00c7in\u2019i b\u00f6lgesindeki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla belirlenen yap\u0131s\u0131, temelde iki farkl\u0131 co\u011frafyaya at\u0131fta bulunulmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, tak\u0131madalar ile kara par\u00e7as\u0131 \u00f6zelliklerini bir arada bar\u0131nd\u0131ran b\u00f6lgede, farkl\u0131 toplumlar aras\u0131 ili\u015fkilerde belirleyici unsurun suyollar\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek yanl\u0131\u015f olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu suyollar\u0131, sadece \u00e7oklu adalar aras\u0131 ileti\u015fim ve etkile\u015fim i\u00e7in de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda hem adalarda i\u00e7 ve y\u00fcksek kesimler hem geni\u015f kara par\u00e7as\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7inde nehirler ile belirginlik kazanmaktad\u0131r. Geni\u015f suyollar\u0131, b\u00f6lge toplumlar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fal bulu\u015fma evrenini olu\u015fturdu\u011fu gibi, yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekilen Hindistan ve \u00c7in ile irtibatlar\u0131n\u0131 da tesis etmi\u015ftir. Bu durum, b\u00f6lge halklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn denizci milletler olmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve deniz k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ile b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fik bir durum arz ettiklerini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Adalar\u0131n i\u00e7 b\u00f6lgelerinde ve kara par\u00e7as\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcnde yer alan toplumlar ise, suyollar\u0131ndaki s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ticar\u00ee ya\u015fam\u0131 destekleyecek devasa hinterland \u00fczerinde yay\u0131lma g\u00f6steren tar\u0131msal faaliyetleriyle \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6lgenin sahip oldu\u011fu suyollar\u0131 ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir benzeri, iklim \u00f6zelli\u011finde de kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Tropik iklimin g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu topraklar, klasik co\u011frafya kitaplar\u0131nda da dile getirildi\u011fi \u00fczere, insan tabiat\u0131na uygun en ya\u015fan\u0131r b\u00f6lgeleri olu\u015ftururlar.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6lgenin do\u011fusu ve bat\u0131s\u0131 itibar\u0131yla geni\u015f okyanuslara, Pasifik ve Hint Okyanuslar\u0131\u2019na a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, d\u00f6nemsel hava ak\u0131mlar\u0131 ve buna e\u015flik eden ya\u011fmur ve r\u00fczg\u00e2rlar, b\u00f6lgenin temel do\u011fal ve tar\u0131msal \u00fcretiminde devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flarken, bug\u00fcn etkisi g\u00f6rece azalm\u0131\u015f olsa da, tarihsel olarak bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda suyollar\u0131 ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ve denizcili\u011fin de belirleyici fakt\u00f6r\u00fc olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Bu co\u011fraf\u00ee yap\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde, \u00e7e\u015fitli ba\u011flamlar\u0131yla hem tarihsel hem de bug\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u00fclt\u00fcrel da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6z at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda b\u00f6lgede \u00e7e\u015fitli farkl\u0131la\u015fmalar dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir. S\u00f6z konusu k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn madd\u00ee ve madd\u00ee olmayan unsurlar\u0131, bize b\u00f6lge halk\u0131n\u0131n yeme-i\u00e7me k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnden bar\u0131nmaya, ula\u015f\u0131mdan ekonomik \u00fcretim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine, giyim-ku\u015famdan dil yap\u0131lar\u0131na, din\u00ee inan\u00e7lardan y\u00f6netim bi\u00e7imlerine kadar birbirini destekleyen yap\u0131lar\u0131 akla getirmektedir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm bu unsurlar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya b\u00f6lgesinin kabaca iki ana b\u00f6l\u00fcmde ele al\u0131nabilece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Co\u011frafya ve n\u00fcfus da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, neredeyse birbirine e\u015fit denilebilecek bu ayr\u0131m\u0131n bir yan\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Malay d\u00fcnyas\u0131, di\u011fer yan\u0131nda ise Budizm ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere Do\u011fu dinlerinin bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren din\u00ee-etik toplumsal yap\u0131lar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, bir istisna kabul edilmekle birlikte Filipinler\u2019in H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131kla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 yap\u0131s\u0131 da dikkat \u00e7eker.<\/p>\n

H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k ve \u0130slam gibi alg\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131za daha yak\u0131n gelen dinlerin, b\u00f6lgenin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ba\u011flamlar\u0131yla \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015f\u00fck yanlar\u0131 bir zenginli\u011fi ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan, b\u00f6lgenin tarihsel din\u00ee ya da \u201cdinimsi\u201d ve\/ya etik yap\u0131lanmalar\u0131 olan Budizm, Hinduizm, Konf\u00fc\u00e7yanizm ve Taoizm\u2019in toplumsal ger\u00e7eklikteki dikkat \u00e7eken boyutu, daha \u00e7ok do\u011fa, ya\u015fam d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc, devaml\u0131l\u0131k, etik yakla\u015f\u0131mlar gibi ba\u011flamlara sahip olmalar\u0131yla \u00f6nem arz etmektedirler.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6lgenin tropik ormanlar ya da bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle \u201cya\u011fmur ormanlar\u0131\u201d \u015feklinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan, bunlar \u00e7ev\u00e7eresinde olu\u015fan ya da bunlara eklemlenen di\u011fer do\u011fal varl\u0131klar\u0131, b\u00f6lgenin tabii evrenini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu do\u011fal \u00e7evre, yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekildi\u011fi \u00fczere insan toplumlar\u0131 i\u00e7in bu b\u00f6lgenin en ya\u015fan\u0131r bir co\u011frafya olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flarken, ayn\u0131 zamanda insan toplumlar\u0131n\u0131n benimsedikleri ve kendilerini ait hissettikleri din\u00ee ve \u201cdinimsi\u201d yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n veya geni\u015f ifadesiyle k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinin do\u011fa ile b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fik bir yap\u0131 arz etmesine yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde, b\u00f6lge tarihinin \u0130slam \u00f6ncesi ile s\u00f6m\u00fcrge d\u00f6nemi olarak belirginlik kazanan yap\u0131s\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, bu iki d\u00f6nem \u00f6ncesinde b\u00f6lgenin asl\u00ee unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 Budizm, Hinduizm ile bunlarla birlikte an\u0131lan Konf\u00fc\u00e7yanizm, Taoizm olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, s\u00f6m\u00fcrge d\u00f6nemi k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yap\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 d\u0131\u015farda tutulmak kayd\u0131yla, di\u011fer unsurlar\u0131 yani \u0130slamiyet\u2019i, Budizm\u2019i vd. b\u00fcnyesinde bar\u0131nd\u0131ran b\u00f6lge toplumlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki etkile\u015fimlerin, g\u00f6rece \u00e7ok daha belirgin bir \u015fekilde, bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l s\u00fcre\u00e7ler \u00fczerinden s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebildikleri anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde giderek daha \u00e7ok ekonomik \u00fcretim s\u00fcre\u00e7leri ba\u011flam\u0131nda g\u00fcndeme geldi\u011fine tan\u0131k olunan G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya co\u011frafyas\u0131, sahip oldu\u011fu do\u011fal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yap\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131yla kendine \u00f6zg\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131rmaya devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle s\u00f6m\u00fcrge d\u00f6neminde tedric\u00ee olarak maruz kal\u0131nan ve ard\u0131ndan yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte giderek h\u0131zlanan modernle\u015fme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, mevcut din\u00ee-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yap\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131n kendilerini yenileyebilme ve b\u00f6ylece devaml\u0131l\u0131k kazanabilmekte olduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/dilfikirsanat.com\/guneydogu-asya-kulturel-yapisina-genel-bir-bakis-mehmet-ozay\/<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 17.12.2020 Ad\u0131n\u0131 son d\u00f6nemde \u00e7ok\u00e7a duydu\u011fumuz G\u00fcneydo\u011fu […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3636,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3635","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-asya-pasifik","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3635","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3635"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3635\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3636"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3635"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3635"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3635"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}