{"id":3361,"date":"2020-06-27T05:07:39","date_gmt":"2020-06-27T05:07:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=3361"},"modified":"2020-06-29T12:13:10","modified_gmt":"2020-06-29T12:13:10","slug":"asya-pasifikte-azinlik-catisma-bolgelerinde-ve-kamplarda-covid-19-manzarasi-ii-covid-19-in-the-minority-conflict-zones-and-camps-in-asia-pacific-region-ii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/asya-pasifikte-azinlik-catisma-bolgelerinde-ve-kamplarda-covid-19-manzarasi-ii-covid-19-in-the-minority-conflict-zones-and-camps-in-asia-pacific-region-ii\/","title":{"rendered":"Asya-Pasifik\u2019te az\u0131nl\u0131k-\u00e7at\u0131\u015fma b\u00f6lgelerinde ve kamplarda Covid-19 manzaras\u0131 – II \/ Covid-19 in the minority-conflict zones and camps in Asia-Pacific region – II"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay 02.05.2020<\/strong><\/p>\n

Covid-19 s\u00fcrecinde \u00fclkeler tedbirleri gev\u015fetme y\u00f6n\u00fcnde neredeyse benzer ve ortak kararlar al\u0131rken, salg\u0131n tehdidin ge\u00e7medi\u011fi \u00c7in, Avustralya, Yeni Zelanda ve Almanya gibi covid-19 ile m\u00fccadelede g\u00f6rece ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 kabul edilen \u00fclkelerde ikinci dalgan\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 yak\u0131n ve orta vadede d\u00fcnya genelinde nelerin olabilece\u011fi konusunda endi\u015felerin yeniden artmas\u0131na neden oluyor.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, ulus-devletler, b\u00f6lgesel uluslararas\u0131 kurulu\u015flar nezdinde ve genel itibar\u0131yla ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 \u00fczerinde paradigma de\u011fi\u015fimleri s\u00f6ylemi yer tutarken, covid-19\u2019un az\u0131nl\u0131klar, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma b\u00f6lgelerinde ya\u015fayanlar<\/a> ve m\u00fclteciler\/s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar gibi zaten pek \u00e7ok sorunla y\u00fczle\u015fmekte olan kitleler ve toplumlar \u00fczerindeki etkisi bir ba\u015fka alanda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmay\u0131 hak ediyor.<\/p>\n

Asya-Pasifik\u2019te M\u00fcsl\u00fcman az\u0131nl\u0131klar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Do\u011fu\/G\u00fcney ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya co\u011frafyas\u0131nda Hindu, Budist \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun ve devlet nizam\u0131n\u0131n egemen oldu\u011fu toplumlarda, az\u0131nl\u0131k stat\u00fcs\u00fcndeki M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli sorunlar\u0131 olduklar\u0131 bilinmektedir.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcresel medyan\u0131n geli\u015fmesiyle s\u00f6z konusu sorunlar g\u00fcndelik haber ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda zaman zaman yer bulmakla birlikte, sorunlar\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kitlelerin seslerini duyurmalar\u0131 Bat\u0131l\u0131 ve\/ya ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin merkezi yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n eseri olmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hakk\u0131yla ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek zor.<\/p>\n

Buna il\u00e2ve olarak, s\u00f6z konusu toplumlar\u0131 gerek az\u0131nl\u0131k, gerek \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma b\u00f6lgeleri vb. ba\u011flamlarda ele alan akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n kahir ekseriyetinin Bat\u0131l\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar ve akademisyenlerce yap\u0131lmakta olu\u015fu da, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kitlelerin sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n yine kendilerinin hangi de\u011fer ve teorilerle ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00fcpheli yakla\u015f\u0131mlara konu olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ulusal g\u00fcvenlik ve covid-19\u2019la m\u00fccadele<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aral\u0131k ay\u0131n\u0131n sonlar\u0131ndan itibaren g\u00fcndeme gelen, Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131, Do\u011fu Asya\u2019dan ba\u015flayarak ulus-devletlerin bir sa\u011fl\u0131k problemi olarak n\u00fcksetmi\u015f olsa da, k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede ulusal g\u00fcvenlik \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ele al\u0131nan bir olgu haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131da zikredilen co\u011frafyalarda ya\u015fayan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n yerelde farkl\u0131la\u015fan, ancak genel \u00e7er\u00e7evesi itibar\u0131yla bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda benzer nedenlerle \u00f6tekile\u015ftirilmeye konu olduklar\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlenmektedir. Bu \u00f6tekile\u015ftirme, s\u0131cak \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma halini alabildi\u011fi gibi, ekonomi, sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel vb. bask\u0131lar \u015feklinde de zuhur edebilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te g\u00fcndeme getirilmesi gereken soru, covid-19\u2019u ulusal g\u00fcvenlik sorunu olarak de\u011ferlendiren ilgili ulus-devletlerin b\u00fcnyelerinde bar\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 ve s\u00f6zde vatanda\u015f kabul edilen M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlara y\u00f6nelik politikalar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l bir y\u00f6nelim kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, Do\u011fu\/G\u00fcney ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya co\u011frafyalar\u0131ndaki ulus-devletlerdeki geli\u015fmeleri k\u0131saca ele almak suretiyle, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n nas\u0131l bir toplumsal ve siyasal yap\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde bulunduklar\u0131 ve Covid-19\u2019un bu durumu ne denli peki\u015ftirme veya de\u011fi\u015ftirme arac\u0131 haline geldi\u011fi tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bahsi ge\u00e7en b\u00f6lgelerden \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti\u2019nde Uygurlar\u0131n, Myanmar\u2019da Arakanl\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n, Tayland\u2019da Patanililerin, Filipinler\u2019de Mindanaolular\u0131n, Hindistan\u2019da Ke\u015fmirlilerin de\u011fi\u015fik d\u00fczeylerde \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya\/ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya konu olduklar\u0131 bilinmektedir.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu bu M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar i\u00e7erisinde Arakanl\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar Myanmar merkezi devletince vatanda\u015f olarak kabul edilmezken, di\u011ferleri i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 ulus-devletlerin vatanda\u015flar\u0131 konumundalar.<\/p>\n

Covid-19 s\u00fcrecinin ilgili M\u00fcsl\u00fcman az\u0131nl\u0131k toplumlar\u0131 i\u00e7in bir tehdit ve tehlike unsuru olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n aksine salt alt yap\u0131 sorunuyla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 de\u011fildir. Elbette, ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ve de\u011fi\u015fik d\u00fczeylerde s\u0131cak \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalara konu olan b\u00f6lgelerde, merkezi ulus-devlet yap\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n bu az\u0131nl\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 politikas\u0131 ile, g\u00f6rece bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecinin s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc b\u00f6lgelerdeki durum birbirinden farkl\u0131la\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, temel itibar\u0131yla ortada b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl bir g\u00fcven sorunu oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemekte fayda var.<\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k gibi hasta bireyin kendini emanet etti\u011fi doktor ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere sa\u011fl\u0131k personeli ile ili\u015fkisinin normal \u015fartlarda \u0131rk-din-dil vb. ayr\u0131mlara tabi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilirse de, pratikte bunun b\u00f6yle olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kald\u0131 ki, covid-19 gibi nedeni bilinmeyen, tedavisi belirlenememi\u015f, bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcst d\u00fczeyde seyreden bir hastal\u0131kla m\u00fccadelede sa\u011fl\u0131k personelinden beklenen fer\u00e2gatin ya\u015fam meselesi olmas\u0131 da, iki taraf ili\u015fkisini olduk\u00e7a kritik bir noktaya ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

M\u00fclteciler ve az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n durumu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Giri\u015fte dikkat \u00e7ekildi\u011fi \u00fczere, bu yap\u0131lar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, yine bunlarla ilintili olarak m\u00fclteci\/s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131 stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde ilgili b\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerinde ya\u015fayan kitleler ise bir ba\u015fka sorunla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya bulunmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Normal \u015fartlarda ya toplama kamplar\u0131nda ve\/ya ka\u00e7ak olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulmalar\u0131, -ki bu genellikle insan ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 marifetiyle pl\u00e2ntasyonlar, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve ortak \u00f6l\u00e7ekli fabrikalar, temizlik vb. gibi baz\u0131 i\u015f kollar\u0131nda istihdama konu olmalar\u0131 \u015feklinde g\u00fcndeme gelmektedir.<\/p>\n

Toplama kamplar\u0131ndaki y\u00fcksek pop\u00fclasyon, sa\u011fl\u0131k ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere alt yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yetersizli\u011fi, bu merkezlerdeki m\u00fclteciler\/s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar salg\u0131nda, neredeyse birincil hedef haline getirmektedir. Kamplar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ka\u00e7ak stat\u00fcs\u00fcyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma imkan\u0131 bulanlar ise, \u00e7ok say\u0131da ki\u015finin bir arada bar\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck mekanlar ise salg\u0131na davetiye \u00e7\u0131kartmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu noktada, Malezya\u2019da Arakanl\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n zaten kangren haline gelmi\u015f olan sorunlar\u0131 covid-19 ile birlikte bir kat daha artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlenmektedir. Bir yandan kamplarda ne t\u00fcr \u00f6nlemler al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcndeme gelirken, \u00f6te yandan birarada ya\u015fayanlar g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerine yakalanmak ile salg\u0131na yakalanmak riski aras\u0131nda tercihte kalmak zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131lmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin, May\u0131s ay\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde Kuala Lumpur\u2019un merkezinde bu t\u00fcr mek\u00e2nlara yap\u0131lan bask\u0131nla yakla\u015f\u0131k 586 Arakanl\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131rken, hem g\u00f6z alt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131\u015f \u015fekilleri hem de kaderlerini neyin bekledi\u011fi konusu i\u00e7ler ac\u0131s\u0131 bir duruma i\u015faret etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Her ne kadar Malezya makamlar\u0131 salg\u0131n\u0131n bu kitle aras\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131\/yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda bir rasyonel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceden hareket etse de, bu durum m\u00fclteci\/s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131 konumundaki bu insanlar\u0131n sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmeye yetmiyor.<\/p>\n

Aksine, covid-19 s\u00fcrecinde belki de en \u00e7ok ma\u011fduriyete konu olan kitlenin yine bu insanlar olmas\u0131na neden oluyor.<\/p>\n

\u00dcst\u00fcne \u00fcstl\u00fck, kendilerini temize \u00e7\u0131karma e\u011filimindeki resmi makamlar gizli\/a\u00e7\u0131k olu\u015fturulan propaganda mekanizmalar\u0131 covid-19\u2019un yay\u0131lma kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak m\u00fclteci\/s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00f6stermeleri ile bir ba\u015fka temel insan haklar\u0131 meselesi olarak ortada durmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kald\u0131 ki, g\u00f6z alt\u0131na al\u0131nan Arakanl\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n testlerinin temiz \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, bu sefer de toplama kamplar\u0131na g\u00f6nderildiler. En az\u0131ndan bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn Malezya\u2019da ve\/ya Banglade\u015fte ya\u015fayan ailelerini ekonomik olarak destekledikleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00a0s\u00f6z konusu bu zor d\u00f6nemde bu insanlara hak ettikleri ilginin g\u00f6sterilmesi gerekirdi.<\/p>\n

Hint Alt K\u0131tas\u0131\u2019nda ise durum Banglade\u015f\u2019te Arakanl\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, Hindistan\u2019da ise Assam Eyaleti ve Ke\u015fmir b\u00f6lgesi \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Myanmar\u2019\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131nda Arakan eyaletinde gerek Budist \u00e7eteler gerekse Myanmar g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerince 2012\u2019den bu yana sergilenen ve etnik soyk\u0131r\u0131ma kadar varan \u015fiddet \u00fczerine Banglade\u015f\u2019e ge\u00e7en Arakanl\u0131lar\u0131n derme \u00e7atma barakalarda ya\u015fam m\u00fccadelesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, ve covid-19 konusunda sa\u011fl\u0131k tedbirlerinin aciliyet ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

Hindistan\u2019da 2019 y\u0131l\u0131 ortalar\u0131ndan itibaren g\u00fcndeme gelen ve \u00f6zellikle Assam b\u00f6lgesindeki g\u00f6\u00e7menleri\/m\u00fcltecileri hedef alan vatanda\u015fl\u0131k yasas\u0131 uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n do\u011furdu\u011fu geli\u015fme covid-19 m\u00fccadelesinde ilgili kitlelerin yeni bir zorlukla kar\u015f\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131ya olduklar\u0131na i\u015faret etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Ke\u015fmir de ise bitmeyen \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131, Hindistan devletinin a\u011f\u0131r askeri tedbirleri, Ke\u015fmirli M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n kendi topraklar\u0131nda m\u00fclteci konumuna d\u00fc\u015fmelerine neden olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu\/G\u00fcney ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya b\u00f6lgesinde M\u00fcsl\u00fcman az\u0131nl\u0131klar ile m\u00fcltecilerin covid-19\u2019la m\u00fccadelede ilgili ulus-devletlerin sa\u011fl\u0131k politikalar\u0131ndan ne denli istifade edebildikleri tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Farkl\u0131la\u015fan \u00f6zellikleriyle dikkat \u00e7eken bu b\u00f6lgelerdeki toplumlar mobilizasyondan mahrum olduklar\u0131 gibi, yoksulluk\/geri kalm\u0131\u015fl\u0131k nedeniyle alt yap\u0131 hizmetlerinden de yeterince istifa edememektedirler.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu bu kitlelerin sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n aciliyetle ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle covid-19 s\u00fcrecinde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir sa\u011fl\u0131k tedbirlerine ula\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak mekanizmalar\u0131n ortaya konulmas\u0131 en b\u00fcy\u00fck temennimizdir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 27.06.2020 Covid-19 s\u00fcrecinde \u00fclkeler tedbirleri gev\u015fetme y\u00f6n\u00fcnde […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3362,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3361","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-asya-pasifik","category-gunluk-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3361","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3361"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3361\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3362"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3361"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3361"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}