{"id":2810,"date":"2019-03-25T07:41:05","date_gmt":"2019-03-25T07:41:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/?p=2810"},"modified":"2019-03-29T09:38:00","modified_gmt":"2019-03-29T09:38:00","slug":"taylandda-secim-ve-demokrasi-elections-and-democracy-in-thailand","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/taylandda-secim-ve-demokrasi-elections-and-democracy-in-thailand\/","title":{"rendered":"Tayland\u2019da se\u00e7im ve demokrasi \/ Elections and Democracy in Thailand"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay 06.01.2019<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tayland\u2019da beklenen se\u00e7im nihayet 24 Mart, Pazar g\u00fcn\u00fc yap\u0131ld\u0131. 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda ordunun se\u00e7ilmi\u015f sivil h\u00fck\u00fcmete y\u00f6nelik darbesinin ard\u0131ndan \u00fclkenin bir kez daha demokratik y\u00f6nelime evrilmesi anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu se\u00e7im \u00f6nemliydi. Uzunca bir s\u00fcre beklenen se\u00e7imin tamamlanmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan s\u0131ra yeni bir h\u00fck\u00fcmetin nas\u0131l kurulaca\u011f\u0131na geldi.<\/p>\n

Yakla\u015f\u0131k 52 milyon se\u00e7menin 500 sandalyeli parlamentoyu belirleyecek. Kesin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n May\u0131s ay\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 bekleniyor. 2011 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra yap\u0131lan ilk se\u00e7im olmas\u0131yla dikkat \u00e7eken d\u00fcnk\u00fc se\u00e7ime \u00e7ok say\u0131da parti kat\u0131l\u0131rken, temelde darbeci ve darbe kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 olmak \u00fczere iki koalisyondan bahsetmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Thaksinci parti ilk s\u0131rada ama\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130lk sonu\u00e7lar dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Thaksin yanl\u0131s\u0131 Pheu Thai Partisi en \u00e7ok milletvekili \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Pheu Thai, \u015fu an itibar\u0131yla kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 135 milletvekilli\u011fi ile tek ba\u015f\u0131na iktidar kurmas\u0131 bir yana, \u00e7e\u015fitli koalisyon hesaplar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, h\u00fck\u00fcmet kurmas\u0131 olduk\u00e7a zor g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, Pheu Thai Partisi, \u00fclke se\u00e7meninin darbeciler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yine sivil, kendilerinden ve de\u011fi\u015fimden yana bir siyasi parti olarak varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rece g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde devam ettirmesiyle dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n

Darbecilerin partisi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan ve darbeci Prayut\u2019u ba\u015fbakan aday\u0131 olarak g\u00f6steren Phalang Pracharat Partisi ise \u015fu anki rakamlara g\u00f6re 117 milletvekili ile ikinci s\u0131rada.<\/p>\n

Yeni bir parti olan ve hedefine gen\u00e7leri koymu\u015f olan Future Forward Partisi ise ilk se\u00e7imi olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 80 milletvekili ile \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131rada. Future Forward Partisi\u2019nin gerek koalisyon gerek \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemde \u00fclke siyasal ya\u015fam\u0131nda bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olaca\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n

2006 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki darbenin ard\u0131ndan ordu taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6reve ta\u015f\u0131nan, \u00fclkenin k\u00f6kl\u00fc partisi olarak bilinen Demokrat Parti ise 53 milletvekili ile d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131rada. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, se\u00e7imin belki de ilk \u00f6nemli sonucu Demokrat Parti lideri ve bir d\u00f6nem ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k yapan Abhisit Vejjajiva se\u00e7im ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlenerek parti ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan istifa etti\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Par\u00e7al\u0131 demokrasi <\/strong><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekilen milletvekilleri say\u0131lar\u0131, herhangi bir partiyi tek ba\u015f\u0131na iktidara ta\u015f\u0131maya yetmedi\u011fi a\u015fik\u00e2r. Burada \u00f6nemli olan, 500 sandalyeli parlamentonun \u00f6tesinde, atamalar\u0131 ordu taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lacak olan 250 \u00fcyeli senatonun ba\u015fbakan se\u00e7iminde milletvekilleri ile ayn\u0131 oy hakk\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

Son be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131r \u00fclkeyi y\u00f6neten darbeci h\u00fck\u00fcmet 2017 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile 250 \u00fcyeli senato \u00fcyelerinin ordu mensuplar\u0131nca belirlenecek olmas\u0131, sivil y\u00f6netim \u00fczerinde bir g\u00f6lge darbe i\u015flevi g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ku\u015fku yok.<\/p>\n

Bu ba\u011flamda, Phalang Pracharat Partisi parlamentoda 126 milletvekilen ula\u015fmas\u0131 halinde 250 \u00fcyeli senatonun deste\u011fiyle toplam 376 oyla ba\u015fbakan\u0131 belirleme ve h\u00fck\u00fcmeti olu\u015fturma hakk\u0131n\u0131 elde edecek. Veya ikinci senaryo olarak, aralar\u0131nda Demokrat Parti\u2019nin de oldu\u011fu mevcut siyasi partilerden biri veya birden fazla parti ile koalisyon kurarak bu s\u00fcreci kendi lehine yine kullanabilecek.<\/p>\n

Thaksinci Pheu Thai Partisi\u2019nin sahip oldu\u011fu milletvekili say\u0131s\u0131na ve t\u0131pk\u0131 daha \u00f6nceki se\u00e7imlerde oldu\u011fu \u00fczere, mevcut siyasi partilerle koalisyon kurma g\u00fcc\u00fcne ra\u011fmen, senatonun 250 oyunu a\u015fabilecek bir say\u0131ya ula\u015fmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fckm\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Bu durum, ba\u015fbakan\u0131n belirlenmesinde ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetin kurulmas\u0131nda ordunun belirleyece\u011fi ve kuvvetle muhtemel ordu eski mensuplar\u0131ndan olu\u015facak senatonun belirleyicili\u011fi dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Tayland\u2019da par\u00e7al\u0131 bir demokrasiden s\u00f6z etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

Halk\u0131n se\u00e7imdeki rol\u00fcnden ziyade, se\u00e7im \u00f6ncesi al\u0131nan kararlar\u0131n belirleyici oldu\u011fu 24 Mart se\u00e7imleri, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki son be\u015f y\u0131l boyunca Tayland\u2019da ba\u015fbakan olarak yine eski general, yeni politikac\u0131 Prayut Chan-o-cha\u2019y\u0131 ve onun belirleyece\u011fi bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet i\u015f ba\u015f\u0131nda olaca\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n

Bir kez daha koalisyon h\u00fck\u00fcmeti<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131da dikkat \u00e7ekilen ve s\u0131ralamada b\u00fcy\u00fck bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik olmas\u0131 beklenmeyen se\u00e7imin ard\u0131ndan h\u00fck\u00fcmeti kimin kuraca\u011f\u0131 ise b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde koalisyon bloklar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olacak. Bu noktada, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck partilerin \u00f6nemi daha da \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, siyasi \u00e7\u0131kar ili\u015fkileri ile \u00fclkede askeri darbe ve bunun sivil uzant\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 durma cesareti g\u00f6steren partiler aras\u0131nda bir ayr\u0131\u015fma bekleniyor. Bunun, Thaksinci veya sivil e\u011filimli partilerin h\u00fck\u00fcmet kurmas\u0131nda ne kadar ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 sonu\u00e7 verece\u011fini ise \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki g\u00fcnlerdeki geli\u015fmeler ortaya koyacak.<\/p>\n

Bu sonu\u00e7lara g\u00f6re, Pheu Thai partisinin tek ba\u015f\u0131na iktidar olmamakla birlikte, her hal\u00fck\u00e2rda yeni bir koalisyon h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin kurulaca\u011f\u0131 bir geli\u015fme s\u00f6z konusu.<\/p>\n

Se\u00e7imden birinci parti olraak \u00e7\u0131kan Pheu Thai Partisi ba\u015fkan\u0131 Sudarat Keyuraphan, darbecileri destekleyen Phalang Pracharat ile koalisyon yapmayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Darbecileri destekleyen Palang Pracharat Partisi ise, di\u011fer partilerle h\u00fck\u00fcmet ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinden iktidar\u0131 kurman\u0131n yollar\u0131n\u0131 arayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Siyasal de\u011fi\u015fim ama nas\u0131l?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Se\u00e7imler \u00f6ncesindeki d\u00fczenlemeler Thaksin yanl\u0131s\u0131 parti veya partilerin zaferinin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc almaya matuf oldu\u011fundan, Pheu Thai partisinin tek ba\u015f\u0131na iktidar olamamas\u0131 do\u011fal. Ancak bu durum, di\u011fer siyasi partilerin duru\u015funun hangi y\u00f6nde geli\u015fece\u011fi ve bu anlamda sivil toplum ve sivil siyaset yapma tarzlar\u0131ndaki belirleyicilik rol oynayacak.<\/p>\n

Se\u00e7im sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00fclkede yap\u0131lan son be\u015f se\u00e7imi Thaksin veya onu destekleyen partilerin zaferiyle bitti\u011fini ortaya koyuyor. Darbelerle \u00f6n\u00fc al\u0131nmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan Thaksin Shinawatra\u2019n\u0131n her seferinde ya kendisi veya onu destekleyen partilerin se\u00e7imlerden ba\u015far\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131, hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, modern Tayland tarihinin en \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmelerinden biri.<\/p>\n

Bu geli\u015fme, \u00fclkede de\u011fi\u015fimi isteyen halk kesimleri ile de\u011fi\u015fime direnen kurulu d\u00fczen yanl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yani monar\u015fi, ordu ve Bangkok zenginleri aras\u0131nda devam eden bir siyasal g\u00fc\u00e7 m\u00fccadelesinin \u00f6tesinde bir anlam ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bu geli\u015fme, s\u00fcrg\u00fcnde bulunan ve 2010\u2019dan bu yana yap\u0131lan sivil se\u00e7imlerde ilk s\u0131ray\u0131 alarak ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k koltu\u011funa oturmu\u015f olan Thaksin Shinawatra ve k\u0131zkarde\u015fi Yingluck Shinawatra\u2019larla bir \u015fekilde ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olsa da, s\u00fcre\u00e7 salt Shinawatra ailesiyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fil. Aksine, se\u00e7menin \u00fclke siyasal yap\u0131s\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fimi \u00f6ncellemeye y\u00f6nelik taleplerine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekmek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

Bu ba\u011flamda, 2010\u2019dan bu yana Shinawatra ailesinin olmas\u0131 kendi ba\u015f\u0131na \u00fclkede sivil y\u00f6netimin \u00f6ncellenmesi talebi ve bu y\u00f6nde sergilenen \u00e7abaya bir halel getirecek durum olarak alg\u0131lanmamal\u0131. Aksine, siville\u015ferek de\u011fi\u015fmeyi \u00f6ncelleyen bir toplumsal talebin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131nda belki de Shinawatralar\u0131 bir ara\u00e7 olarak g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 25.03.2019 Tayland\u2019da beklenen se\u00e7im nihayet 24 Mart, […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2820,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2810","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gunluk-yazilar","category-tayland"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2810","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2810"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2810\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2820"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2810"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2810"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2810"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}