Cihan Kurtaran \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 08.12.2016<\/p>\n
Ge\u00e7en hafta Kuala Lumpur\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen Ulusal Birle\u015fik Malay Organizasyonu (UMNO) y\u0131ll\u0131k genel kurul toplant\u0131s\u0131yla ilgili baz\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri payla\u015fmaya devam ediyoruz. Bu y\u0131lki toplant\u0131da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6zg\u00fcven hali dikkat \u00e7ekiyordu. Her y\u0131l yap\u0131lan UMNO genel kurul toplant\u0131lar\u0131, asl\u0131nda bu \u00f6z g\u00fcven halinin tekrar\u0131, delegelerden ba\u015flayarak Malay se\u00e7mene do\u011fru yay\u0131lan bir yar\u0131 kutsal halin tekrar\u0131 mahiyetindedir. Bu y\u0131l \u00f6zg\u00fcven halinde art\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylerken, son iki y\u0131ld\u0131r parti \u00fcst d\u00fczey isimlerinden gelen ele\u015ftirilerin art\u0131k g\u00fcndemde olmamas\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekiyorum. \u00d6zellikle ge\u00e7en y\u0131lki genel kurul toplant\u0131s\u0131nda, neredeyse ikinci bir ba\u015fkan aday\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karma s\u00fcreci ya\u015fanacakken, sadece ele\u015ftirilerin g\u00fcndeme getirilmesi ve genel kurula paralel d\u00fczenlenen toplant\u0131larla yetinildi. Ve o d\u00f6nem \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan UMNO eski genel ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 ve Milli E\u011fitim Bakan\u0131 Muhyiddin Yasin, Kedah Eyaleti eski ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Mukhriz Mahathir, Sabah Eyaleti\u2019nin \u00f6nde gelen politikac\u0131s\u0131 K\u0131rsal ve B\u00f6lgesel Kalk\u0131nma Bakan\u0131 \u015eafii Abdal art\u0131k partide yoklar.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015fte bu nedenle, genel kurul toplant\u0131s\u0131nda ele\u015ftirel bir sesin y\u00fckselmemesi, UMNO genel ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve ba\u015fbakan Necib bin Rezak ve ekibinin rahat bir nefes almas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131. \u2018Biz bize\u2019 ge\u00e7en bir toplant\u0131 silsilesi sonunda \u201cEvet. Bu y\u0131l daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcy\u00fcz.\u2019 mesaj\u0131 verilmesinin ard\u0131nda da i\u015fte bu husus yat\u0131yor. Ba\u015fbakan \u2018daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcy\u00fcz\u2019 ifadesini, delegelerin t\u00fcm\u00fcnde parti gelene\u011fine uygun olarak lidere, yani kendisine \u2018ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k\u2019 olgusuyla peki\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, bir yandan da olu\u015fan birlik ruhunu yak\u0131nda yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 il\u00e2n etti\u011fi erken se\u00e7ime y\u00f6nlendirmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. B\u00f6ylece, parti liderlerinin, bir hafta boyunca \u00fclkenin d\u00f6rt bir k\u00f6\u015fesinden gelen delegelere ve de canl\u0131 yay\u0131n ve \u00f6zetlerle geni\u015f kamuoyuna yapt\u0131klar\u0131 konu\u015fmalar sonras\u0131nda bir memnuniyet havas\u0131 hakimdi.<\/p>\n
Bu memnuniyet, yak\u0131nda yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanan 14. genel se\u00e7imlerde UMNO\u2019nun b\u00fcy\u00fck orta\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu iktidardaki \u2018Ulusal \u0130ttifak\u2019\u0131n bir \u2018siyasi tsunamiyle\u2019 \u00f6nemli bir ba\u015far\u0131 kazanaca\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131na dayan\u0131yordu. Asl\u0131nda bu ifade, siyasi bir dikotomiye i\u015faret ederek, 2013 se\u00e7imlerinde hi\u00e7 ummad\u0131\u011f\u0131 oy kayb\u0131 ya\u015fayan ve baz\u0131 \u00f6nde gelen liderlerin se\u00e7im b\u00f6lgelerinde ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamamalar\u0131na neden olan ve faturas\u0131 \u00c7inli se\u00e7mene \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131larak bizzat Ba\u015fbakan Necib bin Rezzak\u2019\u0131n ifadesiyle \u2018\u00c7in se\u00e7menin neden oldu\u011fu tsunami\u2019ye g\u00f6nderme yap\u0131yordu. Bu pembe tabloya ra\u011fmen, Ba\u015fbakan\u2019\u0131n UMNO delegeleri ve geni\u015f se\u00e7men kitlelerini bir t\u00fcr \u2018korku\u2019 haliyle sarmalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u2018fel\u00e2ket\u2019 s\u00f6ylemi \u00fczerinde biraz daha dural\u0131m.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fbakan\u2019\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f konu\u015fmas\u0131nda erken se\u00e7im il\u00e2n\u0131, olas\u0131 bir iktidar kayb\u0131n\u0131n fel\u00e2ket getirece\u011fi hususu, partide \u2018lidere sadakat\u2019 ilkesi Malezya\u2019n\u0131n sadece bug\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011fil, yak\u0131n gelece\u011fini de ilgilendiren bir s\u00f6ylemdi. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, Ba\u015fbakan\u2019\u0131n dikkat \u00e7ekti\u011fi bu hususlar aras\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle erken se\u00e7imde UMNO merkezli \u2018Ulusal \u0130ttifak\u2019\u0131n iktidar\u0131n\u0131 yitirmesinin do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131 \u2018fel\u00e2ket\u2019 ve bu \u201cfel\u00e2ketin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in gerekirse kan\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 d\u00f6kmekten \u00e7ekinmeyece\u011fimiz\u201d minvalindeki s\u00f6ylemi \u00fczerinde biraz daha durmakta fayda var. Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n s\u00f6yleminde bug\u00fcne kadar hi\u00e7 olmad\u0131k denli bir tehlikeyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve se\u00e7im kayb\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse bir sona i\u015faret edi\u015finden ne\u015fet eden tehditvari bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f seziliyordu.<\/p>\n
Bu fel\u00e2kete neden olacak \u00f6zne konumuna oturtulan \u2018Demokratik Eylem Partisi\u2019ydi (DAP). \u00d6ncelikle ulusal siyasette iktidar m\u00fccadelesine taraf olan bir yap\u0131y\u0131 ve ya\u015fanabilecek olas\u0131 bir iktidar de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini \u201cfel\u00e2ket\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlamak, birbiriyle bar\u0131\u015f\u0131k oldu\u011fu iddia edilen etnik \u00e7o\u011fulcu bir toplumda asl\u0131nda ayr\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ne denli derinle\u015fti\u011fini ortaya koyuyor. Bu a\u00e7\u0131klama, sanki DAP\u2019\u0131n \u00fclke siyasal ya\u015fam\u0131nda me\u015fru bir yap\u0131 de\u011fil de, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan ith\u00e2l ve yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir toplumsal hareket oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir alg\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131yor. Oysa bu parti, i\u00e7inde Malay kurucu ve mensuplar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlukta oldu\u011fu \u00e7o\u011fulcu parti g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcndeki Halk\u0131n Adaleti Partisi (PKR) ve Malezya \u0130slam Partisi (PAS) ile ge\u00e7en y\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131na kadar \u201cHalk Koalisyonu\u201dnu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu; 2008 ve 2013 se\u00e7imlerinde UMNO\u2019nin i\u00e7inde b\u00fcy\u00fck ortak olarak yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cUlusal \u0130ttifak\u201da kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6nemli siyasi ba\u015far\u0131lar kazanan bir siyasi olu\u015fum.<\/p>\n
Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, Enver \u0130brahim\u2019in 2015 y\u0131l\u0131 \u015eubat ay\u0131nda hapsedilmesinin ard\u0131ndan muhalefet blo\u011funda ya\u015fanan \u00e7atla\u011fa ra\u011fmen, Ba\u015fbakan\u2019\u0131n DAP\u2019\u0131 hedefe alarak ve DAP \u00fczerinden mualefetin iktidara gelebilece\u011fi s\u00f6ylemi UMNO delegeleri ve se\u00e7menlerine y\u00f6nelik klasik bir siyasi malzeme olma \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yor. DAP\u2019\u0131n hedef se\u00e7ilmesinde bu partinin -b\u00fcnyesinde farkl\u0131 etnik yap\u0131lara yer vermekle birlikte- \u00c7in etnik temelli bir siyasi hareket olmas\u0131n\u0131n \u0130slama muhalif bir yap\u0131 olarak sunulmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131ran bir y\u00f6n\u00fc var. Bu anlamda Ba\u015fbakan\u2019\u0131n bir yandan DAP\u2019\u0131 i\u00e7inde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 muhalif bloktan farkl\u0131 bir yere konu\u015fland\u0131rmak suretiyle hem etnik, hem de dini ayr\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6znesi k\u0131l\u0131n\u0131rken, \u00f6te yandan UMNO\u2019yu tam da bunun tam kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Malay etnik dini ve Malay M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n koruyucusu ve kollay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 konumuna oturtuyor.<\/p>\n
DAP\u2019\u0131n hedefe al\u0131nmas\u0131nda bir di\u011fer neden, yirmi iki y\u0131l boyunca \u00fclkeyi y\u00f6neten d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc ba\u015fbakan Dr. Mahathir Muhamed\u2019in DAP\u2019a yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu yak\u0131nla\u015fman\u0131n ard\u0131nda, Dr. Mahathir\u2019in son iki y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcredir 1MDB konusundaki \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n UMNO i\u00e7erisinde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulmamas\u0131; akabinde Haziran ay\u0131nda partiden ayr\u0131larak Malezya Birlik Partisi\u2019ni kurmas\u0131; b\u00f6ylece Ba\u015fbakan\u2019\u0131 ve de UMNO\u2019yu iktidardan etmek amac\u0131yla i\u00e7inde DAP\u2019\u0131n da bulundu\u011fu muhalefetle giderek s\u0131kla\u015fan dirsek temas\u0131 bulunuyor. Yirmi iki y\u0131ll\u0131k ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde DAP\u2019la \u00f6nemli ayr\u0131\u015fmalar ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f Dr. Mahathir\u2019in bu g\u00fcnlerde eski kanl\u0131 b\u0131\u00e7akl\u0131 siyasi rakipleriyle ayn\u0131 masay\u0131 payla\u015fmas\u0131nda tek gaye var \u2018temiz y\u00f6netim\u2019 arzusu. \u00d6te yandan, Dr. Mahathir\u2019in Ba\u015fbakan ve UMNO\u2019ya y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftirileri daha 1MDB s\u00fcrecinden \u00f6nce \u2018sergilenen y\u00f6netim kalitesi\u2019ne y\u00f6nelik olarak ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlamak gerekir. Bu nedenle, Ba\u015fbakan\u2019\u0131n konu\u015fmas\u0131nda Dr. Mahathir \u201cpartiye, \u0131rka (Malay), dine (\u0130slamiyete) ihanet eden bir ki\u015fi\u201d olarak tasvir ediliyordu. Ba\u015fbakan\u0131n genel kurulda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve UMNO\u2013DAP dikotomisi \u00fczerine in\u015fa etti\u011fi konu\u015fmas\u0131 salondaki \u00fc\u00e7 bine yak\u0131n delege \u00fczerinde gerekli heyac\u0131n\u0131 uyand\u0131rm\u0131\u015fa benziyor.<\/p>\n
\u015eayet UMNO merkezli \u2018Ulusal \u0130ttifak\u2019\u0131n 59 y\u0131ld\u0131r \u00fclkeyi y\u00f6netmesi veri kabul edilecek olursa, bug\u00fcne kadar bu y\u00f6nde bir \u2018ba\u015far\u0131\u2019 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ancak bug\u00fcne kadar s\u00fcre\u00e7te, pek \u00e7ok k\u0131r\u0131lgan fay hatlar\u0131na tan\u0131k olundu\u011fu; hem UMNO i\u00e7inde hem de di\u011fer siyasi yap\u0131larda de\u011fi\u015fimler ve farkl\u0131la\u015fmalar ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 da bir ger\u00e7ek. Bu ili\u015fkiler b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn son d\u00f6neminde bile bu olu\u015fumlar\u0131n ne denli girift oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. \u00d6yle ki, Enver \u0130brahim\u2019in 1998 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018reform\u2019 hareketinin k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra, tekil etnik yap\u0131ya de\u011fil, aksine \u00e7o\u011fulcu etnik yap\u0131lar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla te\u015fekk\u00fcl etmi\u015f \u2018Halk\u0131n Adaleti Partisi\u2019nin (PKR) kurulmas\u0131na; \u00c7in etnik az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n partisi konumundaki \u2018Demokratik Eylem Partisi\u2019nin (DAP) di\u011fer etnik unsurlardan \u00fcye ve hatta milletvekili \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131na; \u2018Malezya \u0130slam Partisi\u2019nin (PAS), \u2018Halk Koalisyonu\u2019 \u00e7at\u0131\u015f\u0131 alt\u0131nda, bug\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda durdu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclen DAP\u2019la ayn\u0131 kulvarda UMNO\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k on y\u0131l boyunca\u00a0 m\u00fccadele vermesine tan\u0131k olundu.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fbakan\u2019\u0131n genel kuruldaki konu\u015fmas\u0131nda \u2018korku\u2019 ve \u2018\u00fcmit\u2019 kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda delegeleri bug\u00fcne kadar elde edilen kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n \u00f6nemine ikna \u00e7abas\u0131 mevcut yap\u0131n\u0131n devam etmesine matuf bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f vard\u0131. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, \u00fclke n\u00fcfusunun yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde elli be\u015fine tekab\u00fcl eden Malay etnik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcrokrasi, ekonomik, e\u011fitim ve sosyo-ekonomik yard\u0131mlar ba\u011flam\u0131nda \u2018pozitif ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k\u2019a konu te\u015fkil etmesi, bu kitlenin \u00f6zellikle k\u0131r toplumu \u00f6zelli\u011fi sergileyen b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, bu kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n garantisi olarak UMNO\u2019yu g\u00f6rmesine neden oluyor. \u00dclke siyasal ya\u015fam\u0131nda bug\u00fcn gelinen noktada, yukar\u0131da dile getirilen \u00e7\u0131kar ili\u015fkisinin siyasette ve toplumsal ili\u015fkilerde k\u0131r\u0131lgan ve ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 yan\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131n m\u0131 yoksa, farkl\u0131 etnik ve dini yap\u0131lar aras\u0131nda yeni ortak paydalarda bulu\u015fman\u0131n yollar\u0131n aranmas\u0131na m\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 konusu g\u00fcndemde olmaya devam edecek.<\/p>\n