{"id":1169,"date":"2012-09-13T09:12:00","date_gmt":"2012-09-13T09:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost:8080\/ini\/?p=222"},"modified":"2012-09-13T09:12:00","modified_gmt":"2012-09-13T09:12:00","slug":"clintonun-endonezya-ziyaretine-dair","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/clintonun-endonezya-ziyaretine-dair\/","title":{"rendered":"Clinton\u2019un Endonezya Ziyaretine Dair"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Mehmet \u00d6zay                                                                                                                     6 Eyl\u00fcl 2011<\/b><\/div>\n
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D\u0131\u015f \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Hillary Clinton\u2019un hafta ba\u015f\u0131nda Endonezya\u2019ya yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir g\u00fcnl\u00fck ziyareti son d\u00f6nemde ABD\u2019li yetkililerin b\u00f6lgeye y\u00f6nelik \u00fcst d\u00fczey ziyaretlerinin devam\u0131 mahiyetinde okunmal\u0131. Bu ziyaretin i\u00e7eri\u011fine de\u011finmeden \u00f6nce, ABD-Endonezya ili\u015fkilerinin do\u011fas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda birka\u00e7 c\u00fcmle sarfedelim ve bu ba\u011flamda kimi de\u011fi\u015fkenlere dikkat \u00e7ekelim. <\/div>\n
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\u00d6rne\u011fin, 2001\u2019den sonra b\u00f6lge \u00fczerinde s\u00f6zde \u201cfundamentalist \u00f6rg\u00fctler\u201d ba\u011flam\u0131nda Endonezya\u2019ya y\u00f6nelik \u201cyapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u201d ve \u201cbask\u0131lar\u201d \u015feklinde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen politikalar, bug\u00fcn yerini \u00c7in ile artmakta olan eko-siyasal geli\u015fmeler kadar, G\u00fcney \u00c7in Denizi\u2019ndeki adalar ba\u011flam\u0131nda giderek g\u00fcndemde daha \u00e7ok yer alan \u201chak iddialar\u0131\u201d ve bu minvalde \u00c7in\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 blok olu\u015fturma giri\u015fimlerine b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. \u0130ki \u00fclke d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri politikalar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fekillendiren bu de\u011fi\u015fimin \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulamal\u0131y\u0131m. \u0130lki do\u011frudan Endonezya ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 ve bu \u00fclkede var olan ter\u00f6rle ilintilendirilen yap\u0131lanmalar\u0131 kontrole y\u00f6nelik tek y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir evreden, bug\u00fcn uluslararas\u0131 geli\u015fmeler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde Endonezya\u2019ya \u201cpartnerlik\u201d rol\u00fcn\u00fcn verildi\u011fi \u00e7ift-y\u00f6nelimli bir ili\u015fkiye evrilmi\u015ftir. Yeri gelmi\u015fken, Clinton\u2019un bu ziyaretinin salt Endonezya ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u015fik\u00e2r. \u00d6zellikle, Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Vladivostok \u015fehrinde yap\u0131lacak Asya-Pasifik Ekonomik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi (APEC) toplant\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6ncesine rastlayan ziyaret silsilesinde ilk \u00fclkenin Endonezya olarak belirlenmesi \u00f6nemli. S\u00f6z konusu ziyaretler silsilesinde her bir \u201cdurakta\u201d has\u0131l olacak geli\u015fmelerin veya kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n APEC zirvesinde g\u00fcndemde yer edece\u011fi kesin. <\/div>\n
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Elbette bu y\u00f6nelim ve de\u011fi\u015fimde belirleyici unsurlar ba\u011flam\u0131nda Endonezya siyasetinin ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi \u201ci\u00e7 evrim\u201d kadar, ABD\u2019nin \u00f6zellikle Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya\u2019daki geli\u015fmelere binaen \u00c7in kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ittifaklar kurma \u00e7abas\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k kazan\u0131yor. Endonezya\u2019n\u0131n bu evrimi eski bir general yani, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono marifetiyle diktat\u00f6rl\u00fckten-demokrasiye uzan\u0131rken, ABD\u2019nin daha \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan itibaren giderek dozunu art\u0131rarak G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya\u2019ya tutunma arzusu jeo-politik g\u00fc\u00e7 dengesi ve enerji kaynaklar\u0131na eri\u015fimle ilintili. <\/div>\n
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Pazartesi g\u00fcnk\u00fc ziyarete gelirsek… Bu ve benzeri ziyaretlerin yo\u011funlu\u011fu, ABD\u2019nin b\u00f6lgede varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 giderek daha \u00e7ok hissettirmesiyle paralellik arz ediyor. Elbette konu Endonezya olunca di\u011fer bir dizi soruna da de\u011finilmeli. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Papua\u2019da ya\u015fanan gerilim, bir s\u00fcredir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck yo\u011funluklu da olsa varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hissettiren Ahmediyye ve \u015eia gruplar\u0131 ile kimi kiliselere y\u00f6nelik ve \u201cdini gruplar aras\u0131nda \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma havas\u0131\u201d verildi\u011fi g\u00f6zlemlenen geli\u015fmeler ba\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ekiyor. Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00f6zellikle de ABD\u2019li \u00fcst d\u00fczey siyaset\u00e7ilerin bu t\u00fcrden ziyaretleri \u00f6ncesinde insan haklar\u0131 dernekleri gibi sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporlar ve politikac\u0131lara yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 ABD y\u00f6netimince dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 biliniyor. Bu sefer de ayn\u0131s\u0131 oldu. Clinton, daha Cakarta\u2019ya ayak basmadan Bat\u0131l\u0131 sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131 Endonezya\u2019da ya\u015fanan yukar\u0131da de\u011findi\u011fimiz geli\u015fmelerden kimilerini g\u00fcndeme getirmek suretiyle Yudhoyono ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet nezdinde giri\u015fimler yap\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda bask\u0131 arac\u0131 rol\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcstlendiler. Buna haklar\u0131 var elbette… Clinton da \u00fcst\u00fcne d\u00fc\u015fen vazifeyi hakk\u0131yla yerine getirerek, Endonezyal\u0131 muadiline uygun bir dille s\u00f6z konusu bu geli\u015fmelerden duyulan kayg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 dile getirdi. <\/div>\n
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\u00d6te yandan, \u00f6zellikle Endonezya gibi \u00fclkelerde ba\u015f g\u00f6steren mezhep, etnik vb. \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n salt ilgili gruplar taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmedi\u011fi, \u201cfitilin\u201d ba\u015fkalar\u0131nca ate\u015flendi\u011fini art\u0131k herkes biliyor olmal\u0131… Bu konuda yap\u0131lan kimi akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda, \u00fclkede bir dizi siyasi ve ekonomik yolsuzluklar\u0131 \u00f6rt bas etme ve kamuoyunda ilgili da\u011f\u0131tma konusunda kimi kurumlarca kam\u00fcfle arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Burada Papua konusunu ayr\u0131 ele almakta fayda var. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Papua\u2019da ya\u015fananlar insan haklar\u0131 ihlallerinden \u00f6te anlam ta\u015f\u0131yor… Papua ki, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli yer alt\u0131 zenginliklerine ve \u00fcretimin \u00f6zelikle de Amerikal\u0131 \u015firketlerin kontrol\u00fcnde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir b\u00f6lge. Burada ya\u015fananlar\u0131 salt Papual\u0131lar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k veya otonom arzusu ile de\u011fil, do\u011fal kaynaklardan elde edilen gelirden pay sahibi olan Endonezya polisi ve ordusu ile Amerikal\u0131 \u015firketlerin rol\u00fcn\u00fc de unutmamak gerekir. Ancak enteresand\u0131r, ABD\u2019li yetkililer veya insan haklar\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ya\u015fananlar\u0131 bu ba\u011flamda ele almay\u0131 pek de tercih etmiyorlar. Herhalde, kaynaklar \u00fczerinde devam eden taraflar aras\u0131nda \u2018so\u011fuk sava\u015f\u2019\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu yolsuzluklar zincirini takip etmek kolay olmasa gerek… <\/div>\n
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Kald\u0131 ki, A\u00e7e\u2019de Bar\u0131\u015f Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019na ra\u011fmen, bu ve benzeri insan haklar\u0131 ihl\u00e2llerini ara\u015ft\u0131rma komisyonu ve mahkemeleri kurulmam\u0131\u015fken, Papua gibi pek de destek\u00e7isi olmayan bir Eyalet\u2019te olup bitenler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Endonezya h\u00fck\u00fcmetinden siyasi kararl\u0131l\u0131kla meselenin \u00fczerine gidip, yasalar\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fini yapmas\u0131n\u0131 beklemek biraz safl\u0131k olur. Tabii Clinton\u2019un \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015fen vazifeyi yerine getirerek, Papua da ya\u015fanan insan haklar\u0131 ihlalleriyle ilgili soruya, Endonezya makamlar\u0131n\u0131n \u201c\u015feffaf\u201d yakla\u015f\u0131m sergilemeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki beklentisini dile getirdi. Ancak Endonezya makamlar\u0131nca bunun herhangi bir yapt\u0131r\u0131m olarak alg\u0131lanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyoruz. <\/div>\n
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Peki Clinton, Endonezya D\u0131\u015f \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Marty Natalegawa ile ne konu\u015ftu? G\u00fcndemin en \u00f6nemli maddesi hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, G\u00fcney \u00c7in Denizi\u2019deki adalar krizi. Bunun en \u00f6nemli g\u00f6stergesi Endonezya ziyaretinin akabinde solu\u011fu Beijing\u2019de almas\u0131 oldu. S\u00fcrekli dile getirdi\u011fimiz \u00fczere G\u00fcney \u00c7in Denizi\u2019ndeki kriz, ASEAN\u2019\u0131 do\u011frudan etkileme g\u00fcc\u00fcne sahip. Bu g\u00fcc\u00fcn pratikteki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 da ge\u00e7en Temmuz ay\u0131nda Kambo\u00e7ya\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Phnom Penh\u2019de yap\u0131lan ASEAN D\u0131\u015f \u0130\u015fleri Bakanlar\u0131 toplant\u0131s\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Birli\u011fin yar\u0131m y\u00fczy\u0131ll\u0131k tarihinde ilk defa b\u00f6ylesine
\n\u00f6nemli bir toplant\u0131 sonunda sonu\u00e7 bildirgesinin kaleme al\u0131namam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, sadece birlik i\u00e7erisinde de\u011fil, ABD\u2019nin de i\u00e7inde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7evrelerde de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bunun temel nedeninin \u00c7in ile Laos aras\u0131ndaki yak\u0131n i\u015fbirli\u011fi olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesi, asl\u0131nda ASEAN i\u00e7indeki \u201cbirlik\u201d s\u00f6yleminin k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da ortaya koymaya yetiyor. Bu bahsetti\u011fimiz \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131k bug\u00fcn yerini endi\u015feye b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131 k\u0131, Clinton y\u00fcksek sesle ABD\u2019nin geli\u015fmelere do\u011frudan taraf olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylese de, Endonezya ziyareti \u00f6zelinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere tarafs\u0131z kalamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 deklare etmi\u015ftir.<\/div>\n
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\u0130\u015fte bu nedenledir ki, Clinton\u2019un Cakarta ziyaretinin ana konusu ASEAN\u2019da a\u011fabeylik rol\u00fc oynayan veya bu role soyunan Endonezya \u00f6zelinde birli\u011fin ayaklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde durmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik destekti. Ve bu destek de geldi…  \u00d6zellikle Endonezya\u2019n\u0131n malum adalar \u00fczerinde hak iddia eden \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda yer almamas\u0131, ABD\u2019nin \u2018kartlar\u0131n\u0131\u2019 Endonezya \u00fczerinde oynamas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015fa benziyor. Endonezya y\u00f6netiminin de bu geli\u015fmeden memnuniyet duymamas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. \u00d6teden beri, ABD ile ili\u015fkileri \u00f6nemseyen ve \u00fclkenin i\u00e7 dinamiklerinin imk\u00e2n verdi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u201cyanda\u015fl\u0131k\u201d kurma konusunda istekli davranan Endonezya\u2019n\u0131n, ABD\u2019nin Irak ve Afganistan sonras\u0131 Asya \u201c\u00e7\u0131kartmas\u0131nda\u201d b\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerine ne gibi rollerin bi\u00e7ilece\u011fini okuyabiliyor olsa gerek. Bu noktada, s\u00f6z konusu bu geli\u015fmenin temellerinin 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda Endonezya-ABD Kapsaml\u0131 \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi yap\u0131lanmas\u0131yla at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu olu\u015fumun y\u0131ll\u0131k forumlarla b\u00f6lgesel ve k\u00fcresel geli\u015fmelere y\u00f6nelik politikalar geli\u015ftirdiklerini hat\u0131rlatabiliriz.<\/div>\n
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ABD\u2019nin Endonezya\u2019dan bu talebi, ASEAN \u00fclkelerini tek tek kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na alma politikas\u0131 g\u00fcden \u00c7in\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 bir hamle niteli\u011fi de ta\u015f\u0131yor ayn\u0131 zamanda.  G\u00f6rece kendi i\u00e7ine kapal\u0131 bir yap\u0131 sergileyen ve genellikle ya \u2018ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131z\u2019 kalmay\u0131 ye\u011fleyen veya iki kutuplu d\u00fcnya ortas\u0131nda \u201cistikrar\u0131\u201d bir \u2018sol\u2019a bir \u2018sa\u011f\u2019a yaslanmada bulan ASEAN\u2019a \u00fcye \u00fclkeler, ekonomik kalk\u0131nmaya odakl\u0131 politikalarla bug\u00fcnlere geldiler. Ancak bug\u00fcn gelinen noktada geli\u015fmelerin de ortaya koydu\u011fu \u00fczere, ASEAN\u2019n\u0131n da art\u0131k risk alma zaman\u0131 geldi. Bu risk y\u00f6netimi i\u015finin de, sahip oldu\u011fu imk\u00e2nlar dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde Endonezya\u2019ya d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Kimi yaz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zda dile getirdi\u011fimiz \u00fczere -\u015fayet hayata ge\u00e7irilme imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nacaksa- \u00c7in-ABD Bar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ASEAN\u2019dan ge\u00e7ti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki tezimizde durmaya devam ediyoruz. <\/div>\n
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http:\/\/www.dunyabulteni.net\/?aType=haber&ArticleID=225439<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mehmet \u00d6zay                                                                                                                     6 Eyl\u00fcl 2011 D\u0131\u015f \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Hillary Clinton\u2019un hafta ba\u015f\u0131nda Endonezya\u2019ya yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir g\u00fcnl\u00fck ziyareti son d\u00f6nemde ABD\u2019li yetkililerin b\u00f6lgeye y\u00f6nelik \u00fcst d\u00fczey ziyaretlerinin devam\u0131 mahiyetinde okunmal\u0131. Bu ziyaretin i\u00e7eri\u011fine de\u011finmeden \u00f6nce, ABD-Endonezya ili\u015fkilerinin do\u011fas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda birka\u00e7 c\u00fcmle sarfedelim ve […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":765,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1169","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-endonezya"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1169","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1169"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1169\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1169"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1169"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guneydoguasyacalismalari.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1169"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}